Frostbite

Frostbite inokanganisa ganda uye zvinyama zvepasi zvinokonzerwa nekutonhora zvakanyanya. Frostbite ndiyo yakanyanya kukuvara kwechando.

Frostbite inoitika kana ganda nemuviri zvinyama zvatariswa kutonhora tembiricha kwenguva yakareba yenguva.

Iwe uri mukana wekukudziridza chando kana iwe:

• Tora mishonga inonzi beta-blockers
• Iva neropa rakaipa kupa kumakumbo (peripheral vascular chirwere)
• Chiutsi
• Iva nechirwere cheshuga
• Iva naRaynaud phenomenon

Zviratidzo zvechando zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Pini uye tsono kunzwa, zvichiteverwa ne chiveve
• Ganda rakaoma, rakachenuruka, uye rinotonhora iro rakaratidzirwa kuchando kwenguva refu
• Kuchema, kurova kana kusanzwa kwekunzwa munzvimbo yakakanganiswa
• Dzvuku uye rinorwadza zvakanyanya ganda uye mhasuru sezvo nzvimbo yacho inonyungudika

Yakanyanya kwazvo chando inogona kukonzera:

• Blisters
• Gangrene (yakasviba, nyama yakafa)
• Kukuvadza kwetendon, mhasuru, tsinga, uye pfupa

Frostbite inogona kukanganisa chero chikamu chemuviri. Maoko, tsoka, mhino, uye nzeve ndidzo nzvimbo dzinonyanya kutarisana nedambudziko.

• Kana iyo chando isina kukanganisa yako tsinga dzeropa, kupora kwakazara kunogoneka.
• Kana iyo chando ikabata mitsipa yeropa, kukuvara kunogara zvachose. Gangrene inogona kuitika. Izvi zvingangoda kubviswa kwechikamu chemuviri chakakanganiswa (kudimburwa).

Munhu ane chando pamawoko kana makumbo anogona zvakare kuve ne hypothermia (yakadzora tembiricha yemuviri). Tarisa uone hypothermia uye utange waona izvo zviratidzo.

Tora matanho anotevera kana iwe uchifunga kuti mumwe munhu angave nechando:

1. Chengetera munhu kubva kunotonhorera wovaendesa kunzvimbo inodziya. Bvisa chero zvipfeko zvakaomarara uye mbatya nyoro. Tarisa zviratidzo zvehypothermia (kudzikisira tembiricha yemuviri) uye tora mamiriro iwayo kutanga.
2. Kana iwe uchikwanisa kuwana rubatsiro rwechiremba nekukasira, zviri nani kuputira nzvimbo dzakakanganisika mumapfekero asina kuchena. Rangarira kupatsanura minwe nezvigunwe zvakakanganiswa. Takura munhu wacho kuenda kudhipatimendi rekukurumidzira kuti awedzere kutarisirwa.
3. Kana rubatsiro rwekurapa rusiri padyo, unogona kupa iye munhu anomutsiridza rubatsiro rwekutanga. Soak nzvimbo dzakakanganiswa mune inodziya (isingambopisa) mvura - kwemaminetsi makumi maviri kusvika makumi matatu. Kune nzeve, mhino, uye matama, isa jira rinodziya kakawanda. Iyo yakakurudzirwa tembiricha yemvura ndeye 104 ° F kusvika 108 ° F (40 ° C kusvika 42.2 ° C). Ramba uchitenderera mvura kuti ubatsire kudziya.Kurwadziwa kwakanyanya kupisa, kuzvimba, uye shanduko yemuvara zvinogona kuitika panguva yekudziya. Kudziya kunozadza kana ganda ranyorova uye kunzwa kuchidzoka.
4. Nyorera yakaoma, isina kuchena kupfeka kunzvimbo dzinotonhora. Isa zvipfeko pakati peminwe ine chando kana zvigunwe zvekuzvichengeta zvakaparadzaniswa.
5. Fambisa nzvimbo dzakanyungudutswa zvishoma sezvinobvira.
6. Kudzoreredza kwemahara akanyungudika kunogona kukonzera kukuvara kwakanyanya. Dzivirira kudzikamisa nekuputira nzvimbo dzakanyungudutswa uye kuchengetedza munhu achidziya. Kana kudzivirirwa kubva pakutonhodza kutadza kuvimbiswa, zvingave zvirinani kunonoka maitiro ekutanga ekudzoreredza kusvikira nzvimbo inodziya, yakachengeteka yasvika.
7. Kana chando chacho chakanyanya, ipa munhu zvinwiwa zvinodziya kutsiva zvinwiwa zvakarasika.

Kana paine chando, UNGAITI:

• Bvisa nzvimbo ine chando kana isingakwanise kuchengetedzwa. Refreezing inogona kuita kuti kukuvara kwetishu kutonyanya.
• Shandisa yakananga yakaoma kupisa (senge radiator, moto wekampasi, yekupisa pombi, kana yekuomesa bvudzi) kuti ubvise nzvimbo dzine chando. Kupisa chaiko kunogona kupisa nyama dzakatokuvara.
• Bvisa kana kukwiza nzvimbo yakakanganiswa.
• Kuvhiringidza blister pane ganda rakapwanyika.
• Utsi kana kunwa zvinwiwa zvinodhaka panguva yekudzoreredza sezvo ese ari maviri anogona kukanganisa kutenderera kweropa.

Fonera wako mupi wezvehutano kana:

• Wanga une chando chakakomba
• Kunzwa kwakanaka uye ruvara hazvidzokere nekukurumidza mushure mekurapwa kumba kwechando chinyoro
• Frostbite yakaitika nguva pfupi yadarika uye zviratidzo zvitsva zvinokura, senge fivha, kurwara-kurwara, ganda kuputika, kana kubuda kubva panhengo yemuviri yakakanganiswa.

Ziva zvinhu zvinogona kukonzera chando. Izvi zvinosanganisira zvakanyanyisa:

• Hembe nyoro
• Mhepo ine simba
• Kutenderera kweropa kwakashata. Kutenderera kwakashata kunogona kukonzerwa nezvipfeko zvakaomarara kana bhutsu, nzvimbo dzakamanikana, kuneta, mimwe mishonga, kusvuta, kushandisa doro, kana zvirwere zvinokanganisa tsinga dzeropa, dzakadai seshuga.

Pfeka mbatya dzinokudzivirira kubva kuchando. Dzivirira nzvimbo dzakafumurwa. Mumamiriro ekunze anotonhora, pfeka mittens (kwete magurovhosi); chipupuriro chemhepo, chinodzivirira mvura, chakapfeka; 2 vaviri masokisi; uye ngowani kana sikavha inovhara nzeve (kudzivirira kupisa kurasikirwa kuburikidza neganda remusoro).

Kana iwe uchitarisira kuratidzwa nechando kwenguva yakareba, usanwa doro kana kuputa. Ita shuwa yekuwana chikafu chakaringana nekuzorora.

Kana ukabatwa nedutu rakaipisisa rechando, tsvaga pekugara pekutanga kana kuwedzera chiitiko chemuviri kuchengetedza kudziya kwemuviri.

Kutonhora kutonhora - maoko kana makumbo

• Chekutanga rubatsiro
• Frostbite - maoko
• Frostbite

Sununguka L, Handford C, Imray CHE. Frostbite. Mune: Auerbach PS, Cushing TA, Harris NS, eds. Auerbach's Wilderness Mushonga. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: chits. 9.

Sawka MN, O'Connor FG. Kukanganiswa nekuda kwekupisa uye kutonhora. Mune: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Mushonga. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chits. 101.

Zafren K, Danzl DF. Tsaona hypothermia. Mune: Masvingo RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts uye Clinical Practice. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chits. 132.

Zafren K, Danzl DF. Frostbite uye isingakuvadzi kutonhora kukuvara. Mune: Masvingo RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts uye Clinical Practice. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chits. 131.