Yakakosha thrombocythemia

Yakakosha thrombocythemia (ET) mamiriro mune iyo mwongo wepfupa unoburitsa maplatelet akawandisa. Maplatelet chikamu cheropa iro rinobatsira mukugwamba kweropa.

ET inoguma kubva mukuwedzeredza kweplatelet. Sezvo maplatelet aya asingashande zvakajairika, kugwamba kweropa uye kubuda ropa matambudziko anowanzoitika. Isina kurapwa, ET inowedzera nekufamba kwenguva.

ET chikamu cheboka remamiriro ezvinhu anozivikanwa se myeloproliferative kusagadzikana. Zvimwe zvinosanganisira:

• Chisingaperi myelogenous leukemia (kenza inotanga mumapfupa)
• Polycythemia vera (bone marrow chirwere chinotungamira mukuwedzera kwakasarudzika kwenhamba yemasero eropa)
• Primary myelofibrosis (kusagadzikana kwemongo wemapfupa umo mongo unotsiviwa ne fibrous scar tishu)

Vanhu vazhinji vane ET vane shanduko yegene (JAK2, CALR, kana MPL).

ET inonyanya kuwanikwa muvanhu vane makore ari pakati nepakati. Inogona zvakare kuonekwa kune vechidiki, kunyanya vakadzi vari pasi pemakore makumi mana.

Zviratidzo zvekugwamba kweropa zvinogona kusanganisira chero zvinotevera:

• Headache (yakajairika)
• Kuchenesa, kutonhora, kana kubhururuka mumaoko nemakumbo
• Kunzwa dzungu kana musoro wakareruka
• Matambudziko ekuona
• Mini-kurova (inopfuura ischemic kurwisa) kana sitiroko

Kana kubuda ropa iri dambudziko, zviratidzo zvinogona kusanganisira chero cheanotevera:

• Kupwanya kuri nyore uye kubuda ropa mumhino
• Kubuda ropa kubva mudumbu, nzira yekufema, weti, kana ganda
• Kubuda ropa kubva pamazino
• Kubuda ropa kwenguva refu kubva pakuvhiya kana kubvisa zino

Kazhinji yenguva, ET inowanikwa kuburikidza nekuongororwa kweropa kunoitwa kune mamwe matambudziko ehutano zviratidzo zvisati zvaonekwa.

Mutapi wako wezvehutano anogona kuona chakakudzwa chiropa kana spleen pakuongorora kwemuviri. Iwe unogona zvakare kuve nekushomeka kweropa kuyerera muzvigunwe kana tsoka zvinokanganisa kukuvara kweganda munzvimbo idzi.

Mimwe bvunzo inogona kusanganisira:

• Bone marora bhiopsy
• Yakazara kuverenga ropa (CBC)
• Genetic bvunzo (kutsvaga shanduko muJAK2, CALR, kana MPL gene)
• Uric acid chikamu

Kana iwe uine matambudziko ekutyisidzira hupenyu, unogona kunge uine kurapwa kunonzi platelet pheresis. Inokurumidza kudzora maplatelet muropa.

Yenguva refu, mishonga inoshandiswa kudzikisa huwandu hweplatelet kudzivirira matambudziko. Mishonga inonyanya kushandiswa inoshandiswa inosanganisira hydroxyurea, interferon-alpha, kana anagrelide. Mune vamwe vanhu vane JAK2 mutation, chaiyo inhibitors yeiyo JAK2 protein inogona kushandiswa.

Mune vanhu vari panjodzi huru yekuvhara, aspirin padosi yakaderera (81 kusvika 100 mg pazuva) inogona kudzikamisa zvikamu zvekuvhara ropa.

Vanhu vazhinji havadi chero kurapwa, asi ivo vanofanirwa kuteverwa padyo nemupi wavo.

Migumisiro inogona kusiyana. Vanhu vazhinji vanogona kuenda kwenguva yakareba vasina zvinetswa uye vane hupenyu hwakajairika. Mune vanhu vashoma, matambudziko kubva mukubuda ropa uye kugwamba kweropa kunogona kukonzera matambudziko akakomba.

Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitiki, chirwere chinogona kuchinja kuva leukemia yakaoma kana myelofibrosis.

Zvinetso zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Acute leukemia kana myelofibrosis
• Kubuda ropa kwakanyanya (kubuda ropa)
• Sitiroko, chirwere chemwoyo, kana kugwamba kweropa mumaoko kana mutsoka

Fonera mupiki wako kana:

• Iwe une kusanzwisisika kubuda ropa kunoenderera kwenguva yakareba kupfuura zvayaifanira.
• Iwe unoona kurwadziwa kwepfupa, kurwadziwa kwegumbo, kuvhiringidzika, kushaya simba, chiveve, kana zvimwe zviratidzo zvitsva.

Chikuru thrombocythemia; Yakakosha thrombocytosis

• Masero eropa

Mascarenhas J, Iancu-Rubin C, Kremyanskaya M, Najfeld V, Hoffman R. Yakakosha thrombocythemia. Muna: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, et al, eds. Hematology: Basic Misimboti uye Maitiro. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chitsiko 69.

Tefferi A. Polycythemia vera, yakakosha thrombocythemia, uye yekutanga myelofibrosis. Mune: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Mushonga. 25th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 166.