Kunzwisisa Kugadziriswa KweCancer Yezamu

Zvemukati

• Kenza yemazamu inoiswa sei?
• Ndeapi matanho ekenza yemazamu?
• Chikamu 0
• Chikamu 1
• Chikamu 2
• Chikamu 3
• Chikamu 4
• Kazhinji kenza yemazamu
• Kenza yemazamu inokanganisa zviratidzo here?
• Hupenyu hunotarisirwa nedanho
• Kurapa sarudzo nedanho
• Chikamu 0
• Matanho 1, 2, uye 3
• Chikamu 4
• Kuregererwa uye njodzi yekudzokazve
• Kutora

Gomarara repazamu igomarara rinotanga mumakomba, maruva, kana zvinyama zvinobatana zamu.

Gomarara repazamu rakarongwa kubva pa0 kusvika pa4. Iyo danho inoratidza kukura kwesimba, lymph node kubatanidzwa, uye kuti gomarara ringave rakapararira zvakadii. Zvimwe zvinhu, zvakaita sehormone receptor chinzvimbo uye gomarara giredhi, zvakaverengerwa kuita staging.

Ruzivo urwu rwakakosha pakuita sarudzo dzekurapa uye kunzwisisa maitiro ako akawandisa.

Ramba uchiverenga kuti udzidze kuti kenza yemazamu inoiswa sei, kuti zvinokanganisa sei kurapwa, uye zvaunogona kutarisira.

Kenza yemazamu inoiswa sei?

Chiremba anogona kufungidzira gomarara repazamu zvichitevera kuongororwa kwemuviri, mammogram, kana kumwe kuongorora kwekufungidzira. Ivo vanogona ipapo kukurudzira biopsy, inova ndiyo chete nzira yekusimbisa kuongororwa kwekenza yemazamu.

Chiremba anoshandisa mhedzisiro kubva kubhiopsy yako kugovera "kiriniki" nhanho.

Kutevera kuvhiyiwa kubvisa bundu, chiremba wako anozokwanisa kugovana rumwe ruzivo newe nezve lymph node kubatanidzwa, pamwe nemamwe marondedzero ezvehutano.

Panguva iyoyo, chiremba wako achapa yakaringana "pathologic" nhanho uchishandisa iyo TNM sikero. Heano kuputsika kweizvo T, N, uye M zvinoreva:

T zvine chekuita nesamu size.

• TX. Tumota haigone kuongororwa.
• T0. Hapana humbowo hwekutanga bundu.
• Tis. Bundu harina kukura kuita hutano hwemazamu (in situ).
• T1, T2, T3, T4. Iyo yakakwira iyo nhamba, iyo yakakura bundu kana kunyanya iyo yakapinda chipfuva chemazamu.

N inoenderana nekubatanidzwa kwema lymph node.

• NX. Node dzepedyo node haigone kuongororwa.
• AIHWA. Hapana yepedyo lymph node kubatanidzwa.
• N1, N2, N3. Iyo yakakwira iyo nhamba, iyo inowedzera lymph node kubatanidzwa.

M zvine chekuita nemastastasis kunze kwezamu.

• MX. Haikwanise kuongororwa.
• M0. Hapana humbowo hwe metastasis iri kure.
• M1. Gomarara rapararira kuchikamu chiri kure chemuviri.

Iwo mapato akabatanidzwa kuti atore danho, asi izvi zvinhu zvinogona kukanganisa kukanganisa.

• estrogen receptor chinzvimbo
• progesterone chinzvimbo chekugamuchira
• HER2 / neu chinzvimbo

Zvakare, mamota akaiswa pachiyero che1 kusvika ku3 zvichibva nekusajeka uko maseru ekenza anoonekwa. Iyo yepamusoro giredhi, iyo inowedzera mukana iyo inokura uye kupararira.

Ndeapi matanho ekenza yemazamu?

Chikamu 0

Kenza yemazamu isinga tsanangurike inosanganisira ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Masero asina kujairika haana kupinda munyama dziri pedyo.

Chikamu 1

Chikamu 1 chakakamurwa muzvikamu 1A uye 1B.

Muchikamu che1A kenza yemazamu, bundu rinorema kusvika pamasendimita maviri, asi hapana lymph node inobatanidzwa.

Nekenza 1B kenza yemazamu, bundu iri risingasviki 2 masentimita, asi kune masumbu mashoma emakenza maseru munzvimbo dziri pedyo node.

Stage 1B kenza yemazamu inopihwawo kana pasina bundu, asi kune masumbu mashoma emakenza maseru mune lymph node.

Ongorora: Kana bundu iri estrogen receptor- kana progesterone receptor-yakanaka, inogona kuiswa se1A.

Chikamu 2

Chikamu chechipiri chakakamurwa muzvikamu 2A uye 2B.

Chikamu 2A chinopihwa chero yeanotevera:

• hapana bundu, asi rimwe chete kana matatu ma "lymph node" ari pasi peruoko kana padyo nepfupa rechipfuva rine masero ekenza
• bundu rinosvika 2 masentimita, pamwe nekenza mune lymph node pasi pe ruoko
• bundu pakati pe2 uye 5 masendimita, asi hapana lymph node kubatanidzwa

Ongorora: Kana bundu iri HER2-yakanaka uye zvakare estrogen receptor- uye progesterone receptor-yakanaka, inogona kuverengerwa sedanho 1A.

Chikamu 2B chakapihwa chimwe cheanotevera:

• bundu pakati pe2 kusvika 5 masendimita, pamwe nemasumbu madiki ekenza mune imwe kusvika kumatatu ema lymph node
• bundu rakakura kupfuura masendimita mashanu, asi hapana lymph node inobatanidzwa

Ongorora: Kana bundu iri HER2-yakanaka uye estrogen receptor- uye progesterone receptor-yakanaka, inogona kuverengerwa sedanho rekutanga.

Chikamu 3

Chikamu chechitatu chakakamurwa muzvikamu 3A, 3B, uye 3C.

Chikamu 3A chakapihwa chimwe cheanotevera:

• gomarara mune mana kusvika mapfumbamwe ma lymph node, ane kana asina bundu
• bundu rakakura kupfuura masendimita mashanu, pamwe nemasumbu madiki ekenza maseru mune lymph node

Ongorora: Kana bundu rakakura kupfuura masendimita mashanu iri giredhi 2, estrogen receptor-, progesterone receptor-, uye HER2-yakanaka, pamwe nekenza inowanikwa mune mana kusvika mapfumbamwe underarm lymph node, inogona kuve yakarongedzwa se1B.

Muchikamu che3B, bundu rasvika pamadziro echifuva, pamwe nekenza inogona kunge iine:

• kupararira kana kupwanyika kuburikidza neganda
• yakapararira kusvika kumamota mapfumbamwe ezasi pasi peruoko kana padyo nepachipfuva

Ongorora: Kana bundu iri isrogen receptor-yakanaka uye progesterone receptor-yakanaka, ipapo inogona kuverengerwa seStage 1 kana 2 zvinoenderana nebundu rebundu. Kenza yemazamu yekuzvimba inogara iri nhanho 3B.

Muchikamu che3C, panogona kunge pasina bundu muzamu. Asi kana zviripo, zvinogona kunge zvakasvika pachipfuva pamadziro kana ganda rechipfuva, pamwe:

• 10 kana kupfuura epasi pema lymph node
• lymph node padyo necollarbone
• lymph nodes pasi peruoko uye padyo nepachipfuva

Chikamu 4

Chikamu chechina chinoonekwa sekenza yemazamu yepamusoro, kana kenza yemazamu yemastastatic. Izvi zvinoreva kuti yakapararira kumativi ari kure emuviri.Gomarara rinogona kunge riripo mumapapu, huropi, chiropa, kana mapfupa.

Kazhinji kenza yemazamu

Gomarara rinodzoka mushure mekubudirira kurapwa gomarara repazamu rinowanzoitika.

Kenza yemazamu inokanganisa zviratidzo here?

Iwe unogona kunge usina zviratidzo kusvikira bundu rakakura zvakakwana kuti unzwe. Zvimwe zviratidzo zvekutanga zvinogona kusanganisira shanduko kune saizi kana chimiro chezamu kana zamu, kubuda kubva munyatso, kana bundu riri pasi peruoko.

Gare gare zviratidzo zvinoenderana nekuti kenza yapararira uye inogona kusanganisira:

• kurasikirwa nenzara
• kuonda
• mweya wekufema
• kukosora
• musoro
• kuona kaviri
• kurwadziwa kwepfupa
• kushaya simba kwetsandanyama
• jaundice

Hupenyu hunotarisirwa nedanho

Kunyangwe kana yakakamurwa nedanho, zvakaoma kuona tarisiro yeupenyu kune mumwe munhu ane gomarara repazamu nekuda kweinotevera:

• Kune akawanda marudzi ekenza yemazamu, uye anosiyana pamwero wavo wehasha. Vamwe vakanangisa kurapwa, nepo vamwe vasina.
• Kubudirira kurapwa kunogona zvinoenderana nezera, mamwe matambudziko ehutano, uye kurapwa kwaunosarudza.
• Kupona kwehuwandu huwandu hunofungidzirwa zvichibva pavanhu vakaonekwa makore apfuura. Kurapa kuri kufambira mberi nekukasira, saka unogona kuve netarisiro yeupenyu iri nani pane vanhu vakaonekwa kunyange makore mashanu apfuura.

Ndicho chikonzero iwe usingafanire kutora zvakajairika manhamba kumoyo. Chiremba wako anogona kukupa iri nani zano rezvaunotarisira zvinoenderana nehutano hwako.

Iyo Surveillance, Epidemiology, uye End Results Chirongwa (SEER) haiteedzere kenza yemazamu yekupona nemhando kana muzvikamu 0 kusvika 4. Chiyero chekupona chinoenzanisa vanhu vane gomarara repazamu nevanhu mune huwandu hwevanhu.

Inotevera ndeye SEER yemakore mashanu ehukama hwehukama hwehuwandu hwakavakirwa nevakadzi vanoonekwa pakati pa2009 na2015

Kurapa sarudzo nedanho

Nhanho yakakosha kufunga mukutarisa kurapwa, asi kune mamwe, akadai se:

• mhando yekenza yemazamu
• gomarara giredhi
• estrogen receptor uye progesterone receptor chinzvimbo
• HER2 chinzvimbo
• zera uye kuti wasvika here kumwedzi
• hutano hwakazara

Chiremba wako anozofunga izvi zvese kana achirumbidza kurapwa. Vazhinji vanhu vanoda mubatanidzwa wemishonga.

Chikamu 0

• Kuvhiya-kuchengetedza zamu (lumpectomy). Chiremba wako achabvisa zvisikwa zvisina kujairika pamwe nehuremu hudiki hwezvinyama zvine hutano.
• Kuita zvepabonde. Chiremba wako achabvisa zamu rese uye, mune dzimwe nguva, tarisa ma lymph node ari padyo nekenza.
• Radiation kurapa. Iyi kurapwa inogona kukurudzirwa kana iwe uine lumpectomy.
• Kuvhiya kwemazamu. Iwe unogona kuronga maitiro aya nekukasira kana pane rimwe zuva rinotevera.
• Hormone kurapa (tamoxifen kana aromatase inhibitor). Chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira kurapwa uku apo DCIS inonzi estrogen receptor- kana progesterone receptor-positive.

Matanho 1, 2, uye 3

• lumpectomy kana mastectomy uye kubviswa kwema lymph node ari padyo kutarisa gomarara
• kuvakwa kwemazamu ipapo ipapo kana pane rimwe zuva rinotevera
• radiation radiation, kunyanya kana iwe wakasarudza lumpectomy pane mastectomy
• chemotherapy
• hormone therapy yeestrogen receptor-yakanaka uye progesterone receptor-yakanaka kenza yemazamu
• zvinangwa zvinodhaka senge trastuzumab (Herceptin) kana pertuzumab (Perjeta) yekenza yeHER2-yakanaka

Chikamu 4

• chemotherapy yekudzora mamota kana kunonoka bundu kukura
• kuvhiya kubvisa mamota kana kurapa zviratidzo
• radiation radiation kubvisa zviratidzo
• yakanangwa mishonga yeestrogen receptor-, progesterone receptor-, kana HER2-yakanaka kenza yemazamu
• mishonga yekudzora kurwadziwa

Panguva ipi neipi, iwe unogona kukwanisa kutora chikamu mumakiriniki ekuedzwa. Izvi zvidzidzo zvekutsvaga zvinogona kukupa iwe mukana wekurapa kuchiri mukuvandudza. Kumbira chiremba wako nezvemakiriniki ekuedzwa ayo angave akakodzera iwe.

Kuregererwa uye njodzi yekudzokazve

Kukwana kuregererwa zvinoreva kuti zviratidzo zvese zvegomarara zvapera.

Dzimwe nguva, maseru ekenza akasiyiwa mushure mekurapwa anozo gadzira mamota matsva. Gomarara rinogona kudzoka munzvimbo, mudunhu, kana kunzvimbo dziri kure. Kunyangwe izvi zvichigona kuitika chero nguva, zviri mukati memakore mashanu ekutanga.

Mushure mekupedza kurapwa, kugara uchiongorora kunofanirwa kusanganisira kushanya kwechiremba, kuongororwa kwekufungidzira, uye kuongororwa kweropa kutsvaga zviratidzo zvekenza.

Kutora

Gomarara repazamu rakarongwa kubva pa0 kusvika pa4. Kana iwe uchinge waziva rudzi uye nhanho, timu yako yehutano inoshanda pamwe newe kusarudza chirongwa chakanakisa chekuita.