Pulmonary tibhii

Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) chirwere chinotapukira chehutachiona chinosanganisira mapapu. Inogona kupararira kune dzimwe nhengo.

Pulmonary TB inokonzerwa nebhakitiriya Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M tibhii). TB inopararira. Izvi zvinoreva kuti hutachiona hunopararira zviri nyore kubva kumunhu ane hutachiona kuenda kune mumwe munhu. Unogona kuwana TB nekufemera mumadonhwe emweya kubva pakosora kana kuhotsira kwemunhu ane hutachiona. Hutachiona hwemapapu hunoguma hunodaidzwa kuti chikuru TB.

Vanhu vazhinji vanopora kubva kuhutachiona hweTB pasina humwe humbowo hwechirwere. Hutachiona hunogona kuramba husingashande (hwarara) kwemakore. Mune vamwe vanhu, inova inoshanda zvekare (inogadzirisazve).

Vanhu vazhinji vanoita zviratidzo zvehutachiona hweTB vakatanga kutapukirwa munguva yakapfuura. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, chirwere chinotanga kushanda mukati memavhiki mushure mekutanga hutachiona.

Vanhu vanotevera vari panjodzi yepamusoro yekutapukirwa neTB kana kumiswazve kweTB:

• Vakuru vakuru
• Vacheche
• Vanhu vane immune immune isina kusimba, semuenzaniso nekuda kweHIV / AIDS, chemotherapy, chirwere cheshuga, kana mishonga inoderedza immune system

Ngozi yako yekubata TB inowedzera kana iwe:

• Vari pedyo nevanhu vane TB
• Rarama mune yakazara vanhu kana isina kuchena mamiriro
• Iva nehutano husina kunaka

Izvi zvinotevera zvinhu zvinogona kuwedzera mwero wehutachiona hweTB muhuwandu hwevanhu:

• Kuwedzera kwehutachiona hweHIV
• Wedzera huwandu hwevanhu vasina pekugara (nharaunda yakashata uye chikafu)
• Kuvapo kwemishonga isingagadzike nemishonga yeTB

Chikamu chekutanga cheTB hachikonzere zviratidzo. Kana zviratidzo zve pulmonary TB zvikaitika, zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Kufema kunetseka
• Kurwadziwa pachifuva
• Kukosora (kazhinji nekamasi)
• Kukosora ropa
• Kuwedzera kudikitira, kunyanya husiku
• Kuneta
• Kupindwa nechando
• Kuonda
• Kushungurudza

Anopa hutano anoita bvunzo dzepanyama. Izvi zvinogona kuratidza:

• Kuvhara kweminwe kana zvigunwe (mune vanhu vane chirwere chemberi)
• Kuzvimba kana nyoro lymph node mumutsipa kana dzimwe nzvimbo
• Fluid yakatenderedza mapapu (pleural effusion)
• Kufema kusinganzwisisike kurira (kutsemuka)

Miedzo inogona kurairwa inosanganisira:

• Bronchoscopy (bvunzo inoshandisa chiyero kuona iyo nzira yemhepo)
• Chest CT scan
• Chest x-ray
• Interferon-gamma inosunungura bvunzo yeropa, senge QFT-Goridhe bvunzo kuyedza hutachiona hweTB (inoshanda kana hutachiona munguva yakapfuura)
• Kuongorora sputum uye tsika
• Thoracentesis (maitiro ekubvisa mvura kubva munzvimbo iri pakati pechigadziko chekunze kwemapapu uye madziro echipfuva)
• Tuberculin ganda bvunzo (inonziwo PPD bvunzo)
• Biopsy yetiki yakakanganiswa (yakaitwa kashoma)

Chinangwa chekurapa ndechekuporesa hutachiona nemishonga inorwisa hutachiona hweTB. Active pulmonary TB inorapwa nemubatanidzwa wemishonga yakawanda (kazhinji mishonga mina). Munhu anotora mishonga kudzamara bvunzo dzaratidza kuti ndeipi mishonga inoshanda zvakanyanya.

Ungangoda kunwa mapiritsi akasiyana panguva dzakasiyana dzezuva kwemwedzi mitanhatu kana kupfuura. Izvo zvakakosha kuti utore mapiritsi nenzira yaunorayirwa nemupi wako.

Kana vanhu vakasatora mishonga yavo yeTB sezvavanofanirwa kuita, hutachiona hunogona kuzonyanya kunetsa kurapa. Utachiona hweTB hunogona kuramba husingarapike. Izvi zvinoreva kuti mishonga haichashandi.

Kana munhu asiri kutora mishonga yese sekurairwa, mupi angangoda kutarisa iye munhu achitora mishonga yakatarwa. Iyi nzira inonzi yakatarwa kurapwa. Muchiitiko ichi, mishonga inogona kupihwa kaviri kana katatu pasvondo.

Ungangoda kugara pamba kana kupinzwa muchipatara kwemavhiki maviri kusvika mana kuti usaparadzira chirwere kune vamwe kusvikira usisatapurirane.

Anokupa anotarisirwa nemutemo kuti utaure chirwere chako cheTB kubazi rezvehutano remuno. Boka rako rezvehutano rinozoona kuti iwe unowana chengetedzo yepamusoro.

Unogona kudzikisira kushushikana kwehurwere nekujoinha boka rekutsigira. Kugovana nevamwe vane zvakajairika zviitiko uye matambudziko zvinogona kubatsira iwe kunzwa zvakanyanya kudzora.

Zviratidzo zvinowanzo kuvandudzika mumavhiki maviri kusvika matatu mushure mekutanga kurapwa. Chifuva x-ray hachiratidze kuvandudzwa uku kusvika vhiki kana mwedzi gare gare. Maonero akanakisa kana pulmonary TB ikakurumidza kuongororwa uye kurapa kwakanaka kunotanga nekukurumidza.

Pulmonary TB inogona kukonzera kukuvara kwemapapu zvachose kana ikasarapwa nekukurumidza. Inogonawo kupararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzomuviri.

Mishonga inoshandiswa kurapa TB inogona kukonzera mhedzisiro, kusanganisira:

• Shanduko muchiono
• Orenji- kana machena-mavara-misodzi misodzi uye weti
• Mapundu
• Chiropa kuzvimba

Kuongororwa kwechiratidzo kunogona kuitwa usati watanga kurapwa kuitira kuti mupi wako agone kuongorora chero shanduko muhutano hwemaziso ako.

Fonera mupiki wako kana:

• Iwe unofunga kana kuziva kuti wakambosangana neTB
• Unoita zviratidzo zveTB
• Zviratidzo zvako zvinopfuurira kunyangwe kurapwa
• Zviratidzo zvitsva zvinokura

TB inodzivirirwa, kunyangwe mune avo vakaoneswa munhu ane hutachiona. Kuongororwa kweganda reTB kunoshandiswa muhuwandu hwevanhu vane njodzi kana mune vanhu vanogona kunge vakaoneswa TB, sevashandi vehutano.

Vanhu vakambosangana neTB vanofanirwa kuongororwa ganda nekukasika uye vozoitwa ongororo inotevera, kana yekutanga isina.

Kuongororwa kwakanaka kweganda kunoreva kuti wasangana nehutachiona hweTB. Hazvireve kuti une chirwere cheTB kana chinotapukira. Taura nemupi wako nezve nzira yekudzivirira kubata TB.

Kukurumidza kurapwa kunokosha mukudzivirira kupararira kweTB kubva kune avo vane TB inoshanda kune avo vasina kumbobatwa neTB.

Dzimwe nyika dzine huturu hweTB dzinopa vanhu jekiseni rinonzi BCG kudzivirira TB. Asi, kushanda kwemushonga uyu kushoma uye haishandiswe muUnited States mukudzivirira TB.

Vanhu vakave neBGG vanogona kunge vachiri kuongororwa ganda kuTB. Kurukurai mhedzisiro yekuyedzwa (kana iri yakanaka) nemupi wako.

TB; TB - pulmonary; Mycobacterium - pulmonary

• Tiibhii muitsvo
• Tiibhii mumapapu
• Tiibhii, mberi - chipfuva x-mwaranzi
• Pulmonary nodule - pamberi pechifuva x-ray
• Pulmonary nodule, yega - CT scan
• Miliary tibhii
• Tiibhii yemapapu
• Erythema nodosum inosangana nesarcoidosis
• Kufuridzira system
• Tuberculin bvunzo yeganda

Fitzgerald DW, Sterling TR, Haas DW. Mycobacterium tibhii. Mune: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, uye Bennett's Maitiro uye Maitiro Ezvirwere zvinotapukira. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chitsama 249.

Hauk L. Tuberculosis: nhungamiro dzekuongororwa kubva kuATS, IDSA, uye CDC. Ndiri Chiremba weNzara. 2018; 97 (1): 56-58. PMID: 29365230 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29365230.

Wallace WAH. Kufuridzira turakiti. Mu: Muchinjikwa SS, ed. Underwood's Pathology. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chitsiko 14.