Parathyroid hyperplasia

Parathyroid hyperplasia ndiko kuwedzera kwezvose zvina zviputi zveparathyroid. Izvo zvipenga zveparathyroid zvinowanikwa mumutsipa, padyo kana zvakanamatira kune yekumashure kwetachiona gland.

Izvo zvipenga zveparathyroid zvinobatsira kudzora kushandiswa kwecalcium uye kubviswa nemuviri. Vanoita izvi nekugadzira parathyroid hormone (PTH). PTH inobatsira kudzora calcium, phosphorus, uye vhitamini D mazinga muropa uye zvakakosha kumapfupa ane hutano.

Parathyroid hyperplasia inogona kuitika muvanhu vasina nhoroondo yemhuri yechirwere, kana sechikamu chematatu nhaka syndromes:

• Akawanda endocrine neoplasia I (MEN I)
• VARUME IIA
• Isolated yemhuri hyperparathyroidism

Mune vanhu vane chirwere chakagarwa nhaka, rakachinjwa (rakachinjika) geni rinoderedzwa kuburikidza nemhuri. Iwe unongoda kuwana iyo geni kubva kune mumwe mubereki kuti uvandudze mamiriro acho.

• MuVANHU I, matambudziko ari mumashure eparathyroid anoitika, pamwe chete nemamota ari mune yepituitary gland uye pancreas.
• MuMEN IIA, kunyanyisa kushanda kwezvipenga zveparathyroid kunoitika, pamwe chete nemamota mune adrenal kana yegland gland.

Parathyroid hyperplasia iyo isiri chikamu chechirwere chakagarwa nhaka yakajairika. Izvo zvinoitika nekuda kwemamwe mamiriro ekurapa. Mamiriro akajairika anogona kukonzera parathyroid hyperplasia chirwere chisingaperi cheitsvo uye kusingaperi kwevhitamini D kushomeka. Muzviitiko zvese izvi, maronda eparathyroid anowedzera nekuti vhitamini D uye huwandu hwecalcium hwakanyanya.

Zviratidzo zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Kutsemuka kwepfupa kana kurwadziwa kwepfupa
• Kuzvimbirwa
• Kushaya simba
• Kutambudzika kwemhasuru
• Nausea

Kuongororwa kweropa kuchaitwa kuti utarise huwandu hwe:

• Calcium
• Phosphorus
• Magnesium
• PTH
• Vhitamini D
• Itsvo basa (Creatinine, BUN)

Kuedzwa kwemaawa makumi maviri nemasere kunogona kuitwa kuti uone kuti yakawanda sei calcium iri kusefa kunze kwemuviri kuenda mumuti.

Bone x-rays uye bvunzo yechipfupa (DXA) inogona kubatsira kuona kutsemuka, kurasikirwa kwepfupa, uye kupfava kwepfupa. Ultrasound uye CT scans zvinogona kuitwa kuti uone maronda eparathyroid mumutsipa.

Kana parathyroid hyperplasia iri nekuda kwehosha yeitsvo kana yakaderera vhitamini D mwero uye ikawanikwa kutanga, mupi wako anogona kukurudzira kuti utore vhitamini D, vhitamini D-semishonga, uye mimwe mishonga.

Kuvhiya kunowanzoitwa kana maronda eparathyroid ari kuburitsa PTH yakawandisa uye zvichikonzera zviratidzo. Kazhinji 3/2 gland dzinobviswa. Iwo matissue akasara anogona kuiswa mune yepamberi kana yemutsipa mhasuru. Izvi zvinobvumira kuwana nyore kune iyo tishu kana zviratidzo zvadzoka. Ichi chinyama chakaisirwa kudzivirira muviri kubva pakuve nePTH yakawandisa, iyo inogona kukonzeresa yakaderera calcium mazinga (kubva ku hypoparathyroidism).

Mushure mekuvhiyiwa, yakakwira calcium level inogona kuramba kana kudzoka. Kuvhiya dzimwe nguva kunogona kukonzera hypoparathyroidism, izvo zvinoita kuti ropa re calcium riwedzere.

Parathyroid hyperplasia inogona kukonzera hyperparathyroidism, iyo inotungamira mukuwedzera kweropa calcium level.

Zvinetso zvinosanganisira kuwedzera calcium muitsvo, izvo zvinogona kukonzera itsvo matombo, uye osteitis fibrosa cystica (yakanyoroveswa, isina kusimba nzvimbo mumapfupa).

Kuvhiya dzimwe nguva kunogona kukuvadza tsinga dzinodzora tambo dzenzwi. Izvi zvinogona kukanganisa kusimba kweizwi rako.

Matambudziko anogona kukonzeresa kubva kune mamwe mamota ayo ari chikamu cheMEN syndromes.

Fonera mupiki wako kana:

• Iwe une chero zviratidzo zvehypercalcemia
• Iwe une nhoroondo yemhuri ye MEN syndrome

Kana iwe uine nhoroondo yemhuri yeMEN syndromes, iwe ungangoda kuve nemageneral screening kuti utarise iyo isina kukwana geni. Vaya vane geni rakakanganisika vanogona kunge vaine ongororo dzekuongorora kuti vaone chero zviratidzo zvekutanga.

Akawedzera maronda eparathyroid; Osteoporosis - parathyroid hyperplasia; Kuonda kwepfupa - parathyroid hyperplasia; Osteopenia - parathyroid hyperplasia; High calcium level - parathyroid hyperplasia; Chirwere chetsvo chisingaperi - parathyroid hyperplasia; Itsvo kutadza - parathyroid hyperplasia; Kuwedzeredza parathyroid - parathyroid hyperplasia

• Endocrine masero
• Zvirwere zveparathyroid

Kutora LM, Kamani D, Randolph GW. Manejimendi eparathyroid kusagadzikana. Mune: Flint PW, Francis HW, Haughey BH, et al, eds. Cummings Otolaryngology: Musoro uye Neck Kuvhiya. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: chitsiko 123.

Thakker RV. Izvo zvipenga zveparathyroid, hypercalcemia uye hypocalcemia. Mune: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Mushonga. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chitsiko 232.