Chirwere cheshuga uye cheziso

Chirwere cheshuga chinogona kukuvadza maziso. Iyo inogona kukuvadza iyo midiki tsinga yeropa iri mu retina, chikamu chekumashure cheziso rako. Aya mamiriro anonzi chirwere cheshuga retinopathy.

Chirwere cheshuga chinowedzerawo mukana wekuve neglaucoma, cataract, uye mamwe matambudziko eziso.

Chirwere cheshuga retinopathy chinokonzerwa nekukuvara kubva kune chirwere cheshuga kusvika kune tsinga dzeropa reitina. Iyo retina ndiyo yakatetepa yetishu kumashure kweziso remukati. Inoshandura mwenje nemifananidzo zvinopinda muziso muzviratidzo zvetsinga, zvinotumirwa kuuropi.

Chirwere cheshuga retinopathy ndicho chikonzero chikuru chekuderera kwekuona kana kupofomara mumaAmerican makore makumi maviri kusvika pamakore makumi manomwe nemanomwe. Vanhu vane type 1 kana type 2 diabetes vari panjodzi yemamiriro aya.

Mukana wekuvandudza retinopathy uye kuve neyakaomesesa fomu wakakwirira kana:

• Une chirwere cheshuga kwenguva yakareba.
• Ropa rako shuga (glucose) yanga isina kudzorwa zvakanaka.
• Unoputawo kana une BP kana cholesterol yakawanda.

Kana iwe uchitova nekukuvara kumidziyo yeropa muziso rako, mamwe marudzi ekurovedza muviri anogona kuita kuti dambudziko riwedzere. Tarisa nemubatsiri wako wehutano usati watanga chirongwa chekurovedza muviri.

Mamwe matambudziko eziso anogona kuitika kune vanhu vane chirwere cheshuga anosanganisira:

• Cataract - Kusviba kweziso reziso.
• Glaucoma - Kuwedzera kumanikidza muziso kunogona kutungamira kuhupofu.
• Macular edema - Blurry chiratidzo nekuda kwemvura inoyerera ichipinda munzvimbo yeiyo retina iyo inopa yakajeka chiratidzo chepakati.
• Retinal detachment - Kupwanya kunogona kukonzera chikamu cheiyo retina kusuduruka kubva kumashure kweziso reziso rako.

Yakakwira shuga yeropa kana shanduko inokurumidza mumashuga eropa kazhinji inokonzeresa kuona. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti lens iri pakati peziso haigone kuchinja chimiro kana iine shuga yakawandisa nemvura mulenzi. Iri harisi iro dambudziko rakafanana nedhiabetic retinopathy.

Kazhinji kazhinji, chirwere cheshuga retinopathy hachina zviratidzo kusvikira kukuvara kwemaziso ako kwakanyanya. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti kukuvara kune yakawanda yeitina kunogona kuitika chiratidzo chako chisati chakanganiswa.

Zviratidzo zvechirwere cheshuga retinopathy zvinosanganisira:

• Kusaona chiratidzo uye kunonoka kuona kurasikirwa nekufamba kwenguva
• Mafashama
• Mumvuri kana nzvimbo dzinoshayikwa dzekuona
• Kunetseka kuona husiku

Vanhu vazhinji vane chirwere cheshuga chekutanga retinopathy havana zviratidzo kusati kwaitika kubuda ropa muziso. Ichi ndicho chikonzero munhu wese ane chirwere cheshuga achifanirwa kugara aine bvunzo dzemaziso.

Chiremba weziso rako anoongorora maziso ako. Iwe unogona kutanga kukumbirwa kuti uverenge chati yemaziso. Ipapo iwe unozogashira madonhwe eziso kuti uwedzere vadzidzi vemaziso ako. Miedzo iwe yaungave uine inosanganisira:

• Kuyera kumanikidzwa kwemvura mukati memaziso ako (tonometry)
• Kuongorora zvivakwa mukati memaziso ako (slit rambi bvunzo)
• Kutarisa uye kutora mifananidzo yako retinas (fluorescein angiography)

Kana iwe uine chinhanho chekutanga cheshuga retinopathy (isingawedzerwi), chiremba weziso anogona kuona:

• Midziyo yeropa muziso iyo yakakura mune dzimwe nzvimbo (inonzi microaneurysms)
• Midziyo yeropa yakavharwa
• Zvishoma zvekubuda ropa (retinal hemorrhages) uye mvura inoyerera ichipinda mu retina

Kana iwe uine advanced retinopathy (yakawedzera), chiremba weziso anogona kuona:

• Midzi mitsva yeropa inotanga kukura muziso iyo isina kusimba uye inogona kubuda ropa
• Mavanga madiki anogadzira pane iyo retina uye mune mamwe mativi eziso (iyo vitreous)

Kuongorora uku kwakasiyana nekuenda kuna chiremba wemaziso (chiremba wemaziso) kuti utariswe chiono chako uye kuti uone kana uchida magirazi matsva. Kana iwe ukaona shanduko muchiono uye ukaona chiremba wemaziso, ita shuwa kuti unotaurira chiremba wezve meso kuti une chirwere cheshuga.

Vanhu vane chirwere cheshuga chekutanga retinopathy vangangoda kurapwa. Asi vanofanirwa kuteverwa padyo nachiremba weziso uyo akadzidziswa kurapa chirwere cheshuga chemaziso.

Kamwe kana chiremba weziso rako aona mitsipa yeropa mitsva ichikura muretina yako (neovascularization) kana iwe ukagadzira macular edema, kurapwa kunowanzo kudikanwa.

Kuvhiya kwemaziso ndiko kurapwa kukuru kweshuga retinopathy.

• Kuvhiya kweziso reLaser kunogadzira kutsva kudiki muitina uko kune mitsipa yeropa isina kujairika. Iyi nzira inonzi photocoagulation. Iyo inoshandiswa kuchengetedza ngarava kubva mukudonha, kana kudzikisa zvisizvo zvisina kujairika.
• Kuvhiya kunonzi vitrectomy kunoshandiswa kana paine kubuda ropa (hemorrhage) muziso. Inogona zvakare kushandiswa kugadzirisa retinal detachment.

Mishonga inopinzwa muziso reziso inogona kubatsira kudzivirira tsinga dzeropa dzisina kujairika kubva mukukura.

Tevedza rairo yezvechiremba weziso rako nezvekuti ungachengetedza sei chiono chako. Iva nemiedzo yeziso kakawanda sekukurudzirwa, kazhinji kamwe chete pagore rimwe kana maviri.

Kana iwe uine chirwere cheshuga uye shuga yako yeropa yave yakakwira zvakanyanya, chiremba wako anokupa iwe mishonga mitsva yekudzikisa shuga yako yeropa. Kana iwe uine chirwere cheshuga retinopathy, chiono chako chinogona kuwedzera zvakanyanya kwenguva pfupi paunotanga kutora mushonga uyo unokurumidza kuvandudza huwandu hweshuga yeropa rako.

Zvakawanda zviwanikwa zvinogona kukubatsira kuti unzwisise zvakawanda nezve chirwere cheshuga. Iwe unogona zvakare kudzidza nzira dzekugadzirisa yako diabetic retinopathy.

• American Chirwere cheshuga Association - www.diabetes.org
• National Institute of Diabetes uye Digestive uye Kidney Zvirwere - www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/diabetes
• Dzivirira Bofu America - www.preventblindness.org

Kugadzirisa chirwere cheshuga kunogona kubatsira kunonoka chirwere cheshuga retinopathy uye mamwe matambudziko eziso. Chengetedza shuga yako yeropa (glucose) danho na:

• Kudya chikafu chine hutano
• Kuwana kurovedza muviri nguva dzose
• Kuongorora shuga yako yeropa kazhinji sezvaunorairwa nachiremba wako weshuga uye nekuchengetedza rekodhi yenhamba dzako kuti uzive mhando dzechikafu uye zviitiko zvinokanganisa huwandu hweshuga yeropa
• Kutora mushonga kana insulin sekurairwa

Kurapa kunogona kudzora kurasikirwa kwemaonero. Havarape chirwere cheshuga retinopathy kana kushandura shanduko dzakatoitika.

Chirwere cheshuga cheshuga chinogona kutungamira kudzikisira kuona uye kusaona.

Shevedza musangano kuti uone nachiremba weziso (ophthalmologist) kana uine chirwere cheshuga uye usati wamboona ophthalmologist mugore rapfuura.

Fonera chiremba wako kana chimwe chezviratidzo zvinotevera chiri chitsva kana chiri kuwedzera kuipa:

• Iwe haugone kuona zvakanaka muchiedza chakajeka.
• Une mavara asingaoni.
• Iwe une maonero maviri (iwe unoona zvinhu zviviri kana kuchingova nechimwe chete).
• Chiono chako chakasviba kana chisina kujeka uye haugone kutarisa.
• Iwe une kurwadziwa mune rimwe remaziso ako.
• Uri kutemwa nemusoro.
• Unoona makwapa achiyangarara mumaziso ako.
• Iwe haugone kuona zvinhu padivi remunda wako wekuona.
• Iwe unoona mimvuri.

Kudzora kwakanaka kweshuga yeropa, kuwedzerwa kweropa, uye cholesterol kwakakosha zvakanyanya mukudzivirira chirwere cheshuga retinopathy.

USASVIRA. Kana iwe uchida rubatsiro kurega, bvunza wako mupi.

Vakadzi vane chirwere cheshuga vanova nepamuviri vanofanirwa kugara vachiongororwa maziso panguva yepamuviri uye kwegore mushure mekusununguka.

Retinopathy - chirwere cheshuga; Photocoagulation - retina; Chirwere cheshuga retinopathy

• Chirwere cheshuga kutarisirwa kwemaziso
• Chirwere cheshuga bvunzo uye kuongororwa
• Nyora 2 chirwere cheshuga - chii chekubvunza chiremba wako

• Slit-mwenje bvunzo
• Chirwere cheshuga retinopathy

American Chirwere cheshuga Association. 11.Microvascular zvinetso uye kutarisirwa kwetsoka: zviyero zvekurapwa mune cheshuga - 2020. Chirwere cheshuga. 2020; 43 (Suppl 1): S135-S151. PMID: 31862754 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31862754/.

Lim JI. Chirwere cheshuga retinopathy. Mune: Yanoff M, Duker JS, eds. Ophthalmology. 5 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chitsiko 6.22.

Skugor M. Chirwere cheshuga mellitus. Mu: Schachat AP, Sadda SVR, Hinton DR, Wilkinson CP, Wiedemann P, eds. Retina yaRyan. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chits. 49.