Gomarara

Gomarara ndiko kukura kusingadzoreki kwemasero asina kujairika mumuviri. Maseru ane gomarara anonziwo maseru akaipa.

Gomarara rinokura kubva mumasero mumuviri. Masero akajairika anowanda kana muviri uchinge waada, uye anofa kana akuvara kana muviri usingade iwo.

Gomarara rinoratidzika kunge rinoitika kana maseru echisimba achinja Izvi zvinoguma mumasero anokura kunze kwekudzora. Masero anopatsanuka nekukurumidza uye haafe nenzira yakajairika.

Kune marudzi mazhinji egomarara. Gomarara rinogona kukura mune chero nhengo kana nyama, senge mapapu, colon, zamu, ganda, mabhonzo, kana tsinga dzetsinga.

Pane zvakawanda zvinokonzera njodzi yekenza, kusanganisira:

• Benzene uye kumwe kuratidzwa kwemakemikari
• Kunwa doro rakawandisa
• Zvakatipoteredza zvakatipoteredza, zvakaita seimwe howa hune chepfu uye mhando yeforoma inogona kukura pamiti yenzungu ikaburitsa chepfu inonzi aflatoxin
• Zvinetso zvemajini
• Kufutisa
• Radiation kuratidzwa
• Kuwedzera kwezuva kujekesa
• Utachiona

Chikonzero chekenza zhinji chinoramba chisingazivikanwe.

Chikonzero chakajairika chekenza inoenderana nekenza kenza yemapapu.

MuUnited States, kenza yeganda ndiyo inonyanya kubatwa kenza.

Muvarume veUS, kunze kwegomarara reganda matatu kanzura anowanzozivikanwa ndeaya:

• Kenza yeprostate
• Kenza yemapapu
• Kenza yakajeka

Mumadzimai eUS, kunze kwegomarara reganda matatu kanzura anowanzozivikanwa ndeaya:

• Gomarara repazamu
• Kenza yemapapu
• Kenza yakajeka

Dzimwe gomarara dzinowanzoitika mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzepasi. Semuenzaniso, muJapan, kune dzakawanda zviitiko zvekenza yemudumbu. Asi muUnited States, kenza yerudzi urwu yakanyanya kushoma. Misiyano mune chikafu kana zvakatipoteredza zvinhu zvinogona kutora chinzvimbo.

Dzimwe dzimwe mhando dzekenza dzinosanganisira:

• Kenza yehuropi
• Gomarara remuromo wechibereko
• Hodgkin lymphoma
• Kenza yeitsvo
• Leukemia
• Kenza yechiropa
• Kwete-Hodgkin lymphoma
• Gomarara reOvarian
• Mukenza wepancreatic
• Gomarara repachiedza
• Gomarara redundira
• Kenza yechibereko

Zviratidzo zvegomarara zvinoenderana nerudzi nenzvimbo yekenza yacho. Semuenzaniso, kenza yemapapu inogona kukonzera kukosora, kufema kwekufema, kana kurwadziwa pachipfuva. Gomarara rekoloni rinowanzo kukonzera manyoka, kuzvimbirwa, kana ropa muchitsiko.

Dzimwe kenza dzinogona kunge dzisina zviratidzo. Mune mamwe magomarara, akadai segomarara repancreatic, zviratidzo hazviwanzo kutanga kusvikira chirwere chasvika padanho repamusoro.

Zviratidzo zvinotevera zvinogona kuitika nekenza.

• Kutonhora
• Kuneta
• Kupindwa nechando
• Kupererwa nechido
• Malaise
• Night sweats
• Kurwadziwa
• Kuonda

Kufanana nezviratidzo, zviratidzo zvegomarara zvinosiyana zvichienderana nerudzi uye nzvimbo yebundu. Ongororo dzakajairika dzinosanganisira zvinotevera:

• Biopsy yebundu
• Ropa bvunzo (iro rinotarisa makemikari senge mamota mamaki)
• Bone marrow biopsy (ye lymphoma kana leukemia)
• Chest x-ray
• Yakazara kuverenga ropa (CBC)
• CT scan
• Chiropa basa bvunzo
• MRI scan
• PET scan

Makenza mazhinji anoonekwa nebiopsy. Zvichienderana nenzvimbo yebundu, iyo biopsy inogona kunge iri nzira yakapusa kana kuvhiyiwa kwakakomba. Vazhinji vanhu vane gomarara vane CT scans yekuona nzvimbo chaiyo uye saizi yebundu kana mamota.

Kenza chirwere chinowanzo kunetsa kutsungirira. Izvo zvakakosha kuti iwe utaure nezve mhando, saizi, uye nzvimbo yekenza nemupi wako wekuchengeta hutano paunoonekwa. Iwe zvakare uchazoda kubvunza nezvesarudzo dzekurapa, pamwe nezvakanaka pamwe nenjodzi.

Iyo pfungwa yakanaka kuve nemumwe munhu newe kuhofisi yemupi kuti akubatsire kupfuura uye unzwisise kuongororwa. Kana uchinetseka kubvunza mibvunzo mushure mekunzwa nezvehutachiona, munhu waunouya naye anogona kukukumbira iwe.

Kurapa kunosiyana, zvichibva parudzi rwecancer uye nhanho yayo. Chikamu chegomarara chinoreva kukura kwachakaita uye kuti bundu racho rapararira kubva kwarakange riri pakutanga.

• Kana gomarara iri munzvimbo imwe uye risina kupararira, nzira yakajairika yekurapa kuvhiya kurapa kenza. Izvi zvinowanzoitika nekenza yeganda, pamwe nekenza yemapapu, zamu, uye colon.
• Kana bundu rakapararira kune ma lymph node emuno chete, dzimwe nguva izvi zvinogona zvakare kubviswa.
• Kana kuvhiya kusingakwanise kubvisa kenza yese, sarudzo dzekurapa dzinogona kusanganisira radiation, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, yakanangana nekenza yekurapa, kana mamwe marudzi ekurapa. Dzimwe kenza dzinoda musanganiswa wemishonga. Lymphoma, kana kenza yeiyo lymph gland, haiwanzo kurapwa nekuvhiya. Chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiation therapy, uye dzimwe nzira dzisiri dzekuvhiya dzinowanzoshandiswa.

Kunyangwe kurapwa kwecancer kungave kwakaoma, kune nzira dzakawanda dzekuchengetedza simba rako.

Kana iwe uine radiation radiation:

• Kurapa kunowanzo rongwa zuva rega rega revhiki.
• Iwe unofanirwa kubvumidza maminetsi makumi matatu pachikamu chega chega chekurapa, kunyangwe kurapwa kwacho pachako kuchiwanzo kutora maminetsi mashoma.
• Iwe unofanirwa kuwana zororo rakawanda uye kudya chikafu chakaringana panguva yekurapwa kwako nemwaranzi.
• Ganda munzvimbo inorapwa inogona kushatirwa uye nyore kutsamwa.
• Mimwe mhedzisiro yekurapwa nemwaranzi ndeyechinguvana. Zvinosiyana, zvinoenderana nenzvimbo yemuviri iri kurapwa.

Kana iwe uine chemotherapy:

• Idya zvakanaka.
• Wana zororo rakawanda, uye usanzwe sekunge iwe unofanirwa kuita mabasa ese kamwechete.
• Dzivisa vanhu vane dzihwa kana dzihwa. Chemotherapy inogona kukonzera immune system yako kushaya simba.

Taura nemhuri, shamwari, kana boka rekutsigira nezvemanzwiro ako. Shanda nevatapi vako munguva yekurapa kwako. Kuzvibatsira iwe pachako kunogona kuita kuti unzwe zvakanyanya mukutonga.

Kuongororwa uye kurapwa kwekenza kazhinji kunokonzera kushushikana kwakawanda uye kunogona kukanganisa hupenyu hwese hwemunhu. Kune zvakawanda zviwanikwa zvevarwere vegomarara.

Maonero anoenderana nerudzi rwekenza uye nhanho yekenza kana yaonekwa.

Dzimwe gomarara dzinogona kurapwa. Dzimwe gomarara dzisingarapike dzichiri kurapwa zvakanaka. Vamwe vanhu vanogona kurarama kwemakore mazhinji nekenza. Mamwe mamota anokurumidza kutyisidzira hupenyu.

Matambudziko anoenderana nerudzi uye nhanho yekenza. Gomarara rinogona kupararira.

Bata mupi wako kana iwe ukava nezviratidzo zvegomarara.

Iwe unogona kudzikisa njodzi yekuwana cancer (yakaipa) bundu ne:

• Kudya chikafu chine hutano
• Kudzidzira muviri nguva dzose
• Kukanganisa doro
• Kuchengeta huremu hune hutano
• Kuderedza kusvibiswa kwako nemwaranzi uye makemikari ane chepfu
• Kusasvuta kana kutsenga fodya
• Kuderedza kusvibiswa nezuva, kunyanya kana iwe ukatsva zviri nyore

Kenza kuongororwa, senge mammography uye kuongororwa kwemazamu kwecancer yemazamu uye colonoscopy yegomarara rekoloni, kunogona kubatsira kubata aya kanzura pamatanho avo ekutanga apo anorapwa zvakanyanya. Vamwe vanhu vari panjodzi huru yekuvandudza mamwe kanzira vanogona kutora mishonga kudzikisa njodzi yavo.

Carcinoma; Bundu rakaipa

• Mushure memakemikari - kubuda

Doroshow JH. Kusvika kumurwere ane cancer. Mune: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Mushonga. 25th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chits. 179.

National Cancer Institute webhusaiti. Chemotherapy uye iwe: rutsigiro rwevanhu vane cancer. www.cancer.gov/publications/patient-education/chemo-and-you. Yakagadziridzwa Nyamavhuvhu 2018. Yakasvika muna Kukadzi 6, 2019.

National Cancer Institute webhusaiti. Radiation therapy uye iwe: tsigiro yevanhu vane cancer. www.cancer.gov/publications/patient-education/radiation-therapy-and-you. Yakagadziridzwa Gumiguru 2016. Yakasvika muna Kukadzi 6, 2019.

Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Doroshow JH, Kastan MB, Tepper JE, eds. Abeloff's Clinical Oncology. 5 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2014.

Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A. Cancer nhamba, 2019. CA Kanzera J Clin. 2019; 69 (1): 7-34. PMID: 30620402 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30620402.