Glaucoma

Glaucoma iboka remamiriro ezvinhu eziso anogona kukuvadza tsinga yemaziso. Tsinga iyi inotumira mifananidzo yaunoona kuuropi hwako.

Kazhinji kazhinji, kukuvara kwetsinga kwemaziso kunokonzerwa nekuwedzera kwekumanikidza muziso. Izvi zvinonzi intraocular pressure.

Glaucoma ndiyo yechipiri chikonzero chakakonzera upofu muUnited States. Kune mana makuru marudzi e glaucoma:

• Yakavhurika-angle glaucoma
• Angle-kuvhara glaucoma, inonziwo yakavharwa-angle glaucoma
• Kuberekwa glaucoma
• Sekondari glaucoma

Chikamu chepamberi cheziso chakazara nechakajeka chinoyerera chinonzi aqueous humor. Mvura ino inogadzirwa munzvimbo iri kuseri kwechikamu chine ruvara cheziso (iris). Inosiya ziso kuburikidza nematanho panosangana iris uye cornea. Iyi nzvimbo inonzi anterior chamber angle, kana iyo kona. Iyo cornea ndiko kuvhara kwakajeka kumberi kweziso iro riri pamberi pe iris, mudzidzi, uye kona.

Chero chipi zvacho chinodzora kana kuvhara kuyerera kwemvura iyi chinokonzera kumanikidza kuvaka muziso.

• Mune yakavhurika-angle glaucoma, kuwedzera kwekumanikidza kunowanzo kuve kudiki uye kunonoka.
• Mune yakavharwa-angle glaucoma, iko kuwedzera kunowanzo kuve kwakakwirira uye nekukasira.
• Chero mhando inogona kukuvadza iyo optic nerve.

Yakavhurika-angle glaucoma ndiyo mhando yakajairika yeglaucoma.

• Chikonzero hachizivikanwe. Iko kuwedzera kweziso kumanikidza kunoitika zvishoma nezvishoma nekufamba kwenguva. Iwe haugone kuzvinzwa.
• Iko kuwedzera kwekumanikidza kusundira pane iyo optic nerve. Kukuvadza kune iyo optic nerve inokonzeresa mavara asingaone mune kwako kuona.
• Open-angle glaucoma inowanzo mhanya mumhuri. Ngozi yako yakakwira kana iwe uine mubereki kana sekuru vane open-angle glaucoma. Vanhu vedzinza reAfrica vari zvakare panjodzi huru yechirwere ichi.

Yakavharwa-angle glaucoma inoitika apo chinoyerera chikavharirwa kamwe kamwe uye chisingakwanise kuyerera chichibva muziso. Izvi zvinokonzera kukurumidza, kwakanyanya kukwira mukumanikidza kwemaziso.

• Kudonhedza madonhwe eziso uye mimwe mishonga inogona kukonzera kurwisa kwakanyanya kweglaucoma.
• Yakavharwa-angle glaucoma ndeye emergency.
• Kana iwe wakambove neacucla glaucoma mune rimwe ziso, iwe uri panjodzi yekuzviisa muziso rechipiri. Mutapi wako wezvehutano anogona kubata ziso rako rechipiri kudzivirira kurwisa kwekutanga muziso iro.

Sekondari glaucoma inoitika nekuda kwechikonzero chinozivikanwa. Ose akavhurika- uye akavhara-angle glaucoma inogona kuve yechipiri kana ichikonzerwa nechinhu chinozivikanwa. Zvinokonzera zvinosanganisira:

• Mishonga yakadai secorticosteroids
• Zvirwere zveziso, senge uveitis (iko kuzvimba kwepakati peziso)
• Zvirwere zvakaita seshuga
• Kukuvara kweziso

Kuberekwa glaucoma inoitika muvacheche.

• Inowanzo mhanya mumhuri.
• Iripo pakuzvarwa.
• Izvo zvinokonzereswa kana iro ziso risingakure zvakajairika.

Vhura-ANGLE GLAUCOMA

• Vanhu vazhinji havana zviratidzo.
• Paunenge iwe uchiziva nezve kurasikirwa kurasikirwa, kukuvara kwatova kwakanyanya.
• Kunonoka kurasikirwa kwedivi (peripheral) kuona (inonziwo tunnel chiratidzo).
• Glaucoma yepamberi inogona kutungamira kuhupofu.

ANGLE-KUVharwa GLAUCOMA

Zviratidzo zvinogona kuuya nekuenda pakutanga, kana kuramba zvichinyanya kukura. Unogona kuona:

• Kamwe kamwe, kurwadziwa kwakanyanya mune rimwe ziso
• Kupera kana kuona makore, kazhinji kunodaidzwa kunzi "kupisa"
• Kusvotwa uye kurutsa
• Rainbow-senge halos akatenderedza mwenje
• Ziso dzvuku
• Ziso rinonzwa kuzvimba

CONGENITAL GLAUCOMA

Zviratidzo zvinowanzoonekwa kana mwana aine mwedzi mishoma.

• Kusviba kwekumberi kweziso
• Kuwedzera kweziso rimwe kana ese maziso
• Ziso dzvuku
• Kunzwisisa kuchiedza
• Kubvarura

SECONDARY GLAUCOMA

• Zviratidzo zvinowanzoenderana nechinetso chiri kukonzera glaucoma.
• Zvichienderana nechakakonzera, zviratidzo zvinogona kunge zvakaita kunge yakavhurika-angle glaucoma kana angle-kuvhara glaucoma.

Nzira chete yekuongorora glaucoma ndeyekuve wakazara bvunzo dzemaziso.

• Iwe unozopihwa muyedzo yekutarisa yako eye pressure. Izvi zvinonzi tonometry.
• Muzviitiko zvakawanda, iwe unozopihwa madonhwe eziso kuti uwedzere (kurerutsa) mudzidzi wako.
• Kana mudzidzi wako akawedzeredzwa, chiremba weziso rako anotarisa mukati meziso rako uye neropa reso.

Kumanikidzwa kwemaziso kwakasiyana panguva dzakasiyana dzezuva. Kumanikidza kwemaziso kunogona kutove kwakajairika mune vamwe vanhu vane glaucoma. Saka iwe uchazoda mimwe bvunzo yekusimbisa glaucoma. Zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Uchishandisa yakakosha lens kutarisa pakona yeziso (gonioscopy).
• Mifananidzo kana laser scanning mifananidzo yemukati meziso rako (optic nerve imaging).
• Laser scanning mifananidzo yekona yeziso.
• Kuongorora retina yako - Iyo retina ndiwo mwenje unonamira-kumashure kumashure kweziso rako.
• Kutarisa kuti mudzidzi wako anopindura sei kuchiedza (pupillary reflex response).
• 3-D maonero eziso rako (slit mwenje kuongororwa).
• Kuedza kujekesa kwechiratidzo chako (visual acuity).
• Kuedza yako munda wekuona (visual field kuyera).

Chinangwa chekurapa ndechekuderedza ziso rako kumanikidza. Kurapa kunoenderana nerudzi rweglaucoma yauinayo.

Vhura-ANGLE GLAUCOMA

• Kana iwe uine yakavhurika-angle glaucoma, iwe ungangodaro uchazopihwa eye madonhwe.
• Ungangoda inodarika imwe mhando. Vanhu vazhinji vanogona kurapwa nemadonhwe eziso.
• Mazhinji emadonhwe eziso anoshandiswa nhasi ane mashoma mhedzisiro pane ayo akamboshandiswa munguva yakapfuura.
• Iwe zvakare unogona kupihwa mapiritsi ekudzikisa kumanikidza muziso.

Kana madonhwe ari ega asingashande, ungangoda kumwe kurapwa.

• Laser yekurapa inoshandisa laser isingarwadzi kuvhura iwo makwara panobuda kuyerera kwemvura.
• Kana madonhwe uye kurapwa kwemalasi kusingashande, ungangoda kuvhiyiwa. Chiremba anovhura gwara idzva kuitira kuti mvura ikwanise kubuda. Izvi zvinobatsira kudzikisa kumanikidza kwako.
• Munguva pfupi yapfuura, zvitsva zvakagadzirwa izvo zvinogona kubatsira kurapa glaucoma muvanhu vane chirwere checataract.

ACUTE ANGLE GLAUCOMA

An acute angle-kuvhara kurwisa ndeyekurapa kwekukurumidzira. Unogona kuva bofu mumazuva mashoma kana ukasarapwa.

• Unogona kupihwa madonhwe, mapiritsi, nemushonga unopihwa kuburikidza netsinga (na IV) kudzikisa ziso rako.
• Vamwe vanhu vanodawo oparesheni yechimbichimbi, inonzi iridotomy. Chiremba anoshandisa laser kuvhura chiteshi chitsva muiri iris. Dzimwe nguva izvi zvinoitwa nekuvhiya. Iyo chiteshi nyowani inosunungura kurwiswa uye ichadzivirira kumwe kurwiswa.
• Kubatsira kudzivirira kurwiswa mune rimwe ziso, maitiro akafanana anowanzoitwa pane rimwe ziso. Izvi zvinogona kuitwa kunyangwe zvisati zvamboitika.

CONGENITAL GLAUCOMA

• Congenital glaucoma inenge ichingorapwa nekuvhiyiwa.
• Izvi zvinoitwa uchishandisa general anesthesia. Izvi zvinoreva kuti mwana akarara uye haanzwe kurwadziwa.

SECONDARY GLAUCOMA

Kana iwe uine yechipiri glaucoma, kurapa chikonzero chacho kunogona kubatsira zviratidzo zvako kuenda. Kumwe kurapwa kunogona kudiwa.

Open-angle glaucoma haigone kurapwa. Iwe unogona kuzvibata uye chengetedza kuona kwako nekutevera zvinongedzo zvemupi wako.

Yakavharwa-angle glaucoma chirwere chekukurumidzira. Unoda kurapwa ipapo ipapo kuti uchengete chiono chako.

Vacheche vane congenital glaucoma vanowanzoita zvakanaka kana kuvhiya kwaitwa kare.

Maitiro aunoita neyechipiri glaucoma zvinoenderana nezvinokonzera mamiriro acho.

Kana iwe uine kurwadziwa kwakanyanya kwemaziso kana kurasikirwa kamwe kamwe kwemaonero, tora rubatsiro rwekuchipatara nekukurumidza. Izvi zvinogona kunge zviri zviratidzo zveglaucoma yakavharwa.

Iwe haugone kudzivirira yakavhurika-angle glaucoma. Vanhu vazhinji havana zviratidzo. Asi iwe unogona kubatsira kudzivirira kurasikirwa kwemaonero.

• Kuongorora kwakakwana kwemaziso kunogona kubatsira kuwana yakavhurika-angle glaucoma pakutanga, apo zviri nyore kurapa.
• Vese vakuru vanofanirwa kuve nemeso akazara bvunzo pazera remakore makumi mana.
• Kana iwe uri panjodzi ye glaucoma, iwe unofanirwa kuve neyakajeka bvunzo yemaziso nekukurumidza kupfuura makore makumi mana.
• Iwe unofanirwa kugara uine bvunzo dzemaziso nguva sekurudzirwa nemupi wako.

Kana iwe uri mungozi yekuvhara-angle glaucoma, mupi wako anogona kukurudzira kurapwa usati wawana kurwisa kunobatsira kudzivirira kukuvara kwemaziso uye kurasikirwa kwemaonero.

Glaucoma yakavhurika; Glaucoma isingagumi; Chisingaperi yakavhurika-angle glaucoma; Primary open-angle glaucoma; Yakavharwa-angle glaucoma; Yakatetepa-angled glaucoma; Kuvhara-glaucoma; Glaucoma yakaoma; Sekondari glaucoma; Kuberekwa glaucoma; Chiratidzo kurasikirwa - glaucoma

• Ziso
• Slit-mwenje bvunzo
• Wakaonekwa munda bvunzo
• Glaucoma
• Optic tsinga

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Jampel HD, Villarreal G. Uchapupu-hwakavakirwa mushonga mu glaucoma. Mune: Yanoff M, Duker JS, eds. Ophthalmology. 5 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chits. 10.34.

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Moyer VA; US Yekudzivirira Services Task Force. Kuongorora glaucoma: US Preventive Services Task Force Kurudziro Chirevo. Ann Mukati Med. 2013; 159 (7): 484-489. PMID: 24325017 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24325017/.

Prum KUVA Jr, Lim MC, Mansberger SL, et al. Yekutanga yakavhurika-angle glaucoma fungidziro yakasarudzika tsika maitiro maitiro Ophthalmology. 2016; 123 (1): P112-P151. PMID: 26581560 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26581560/.