Edzai kuchenesa chepfu

Vanochenesa mvura ine makemikari ane njodzi anogona kukuvadza hutano hwako kana ukaamedza, uchiafemera mukati (inhale), kana akasangana neganda rako nemaziso.

Chinyorwa ichi chinotaura nezve chepfu kubva mukumedza kana kufema mukugeza drain.

Ichi chinyorwa ndechekuziva chete. Usashandise iyo kurapa kana kubata chaiyo pozi kuratidzwa. Kana iwe kana mumwe munhu wauinaye aine mukana wekufona, fonera yako yemunharaunda emergency emergency (yakadai se911), kana nzvimbo yemunharaunda yako ine chepfu inogona kusvikwa yakananga nekufonera iyo yenyika isingabhadhariswe Poison Rubatsiro nhare (1-800-222-1222) kubva chero kupi muUnited States.

Sodium hydroxide

Uturu uhwu hunowanikwa mu:

• Vamwe vanochenesa mvura
• Zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvemu aquarium

Ongorora: Rondedzero iyi inogona kunge isinga-sanganisira.

Zviratidzo zvekutsvaira yakachena chepfu zvinosanganisira:

• Kusuruvara kwepamuviri (kwakanyanya)
• Kufema kunetseka nekuda kwehuro kuzvimba
• Kupisa kwemuromo nehuro
• Kurwadziwa pachifuva
• Kupunzika
• Manyoka
• Kudonhedza mvura
• Kurasikirwa kwemaonero kana huturu hwakabata maziso
• Marwadzo emuromo (akaoma)
• Kukurumidza kudonha mukumanikidza kweropa (kuvhunduka)
• Kurwadziwa kwehuro (yakaoma)
• Kupisa kwakanyanya uye kukuvara kwenyama
• Kurutsa, kazhinji kune ropa

Zviratidzo kubva pakuwana sodium hydroxide paganda kana mumaziso zvinosanganisira:

• Kusvirwa
• Kurwadziwa kwakanyanya
• Chiratidzo kurasikirwa

Tsvaga rubatsiro rwekurapa nekukurumidza. Usaite kuti munhu arase kumusoro kunze kwekunge audzwa kuti aite saizvozvo nePoison Control kana nyanzvi yehutano.

Kana kemikari yakamedzwa, pakarepo ipa munhu mvura kana mukaka, kunze kwekunge warairwa neimwe nzira nemupi wezvehutano. Usape mvura kana mukaka kana munhu achinge aine zviratidzo (sekurutsa, kugwinha, kana kudzikira kwekusvinura) zvinoita kuti zvive zvakaoma kumedza.

Kana kemikari iri paganda kana mumaziso, svina pamwe ne2 litita (1.8 litita) kwemaminitsi gumi nemashanu.

Usape vhiniga kana muto wemonimu, nekuti izvi zvinogona kukonzera kupisa kwakanyanya.

Mashoko anotevera anobatsira rubatsiro rwekukurumidzira:

• Zera remunhu, huremu, uye mamiriro
• Zita rechigadzirwa (zvishandiso uye simba, kana zvichizivikanwa)
• Nguva yakamedzwa
• Mari yakamedzwa

Zvisinei, Usanonoka kukumbira rubatsiro kana ruzivo urwu rusina kuwanikwa ipapo.

Nzvimbo yako yemunharaunda ine chepfu inogona kusvikwa yakananga nekufonera iyo yenyika yemahara-isina Poison Rubatsiro nhare (1-800-222-1222) kubva chero kupi muUnited States. Iyi hotline yenyika inokurega iwe uchitaura nenyanzvi mune chepfu. Ivo vanozokupa iwe kumwe kuraira.

Iri ibasa remahara uye rakavanzika. Nzvimbo dzese dzemunharaunda dzine chepfu muUnited States dzinoshandisa iyi nhamba yenyika. Iwe unofanirwa kufona kana iwe uine chero mibvunzo nezve chepfu kana kudzivirira chepfu. Hazvidi kuti ive emergency. Iwe unogona kufona chero chikonzero, maawa makumi maviri nemana pazuva, mazuva manomwe pavhiki.

Iye mupi anoyera nekutarisa zviratidzo zvakakosha zvemunhu, zvinosanganisira kupisa, kupomba, kufema, uye kuwedzerwa kweropa. Zviratidzo zvichabatwa sezvakakodzera. Munhu wacho anogona kugamuchira:

• Airway rutsigiro, kusanganisira okisijeni, kufema chubhu kuburikidza nemuromo (intubation), uye mweya wekufema (ventilator)
• Ropa uye weti kuongororwa
• Kamera pasi pehuro (endoscopy) kuti uone kupisa mupombi yezvokudya (esophagus) uye mudumbu
• Chest x-ray
• EKG (electrocardiogram, kana moyo wekutsvagisa)
• Mvura kuburikidza nemutsinga (intravenous kana IV)
• Mishonga yekurapa zviratidzo

Yakagadziriswa marasha, ayo anoshandiswa kurapa mamwe marudzi ehupfu haurape zvinobudirira (adsorb) sodium hydroxide.

Nekuratidzwa kweganda, kurapwa kunogona kusanganisira:

• Kuvhiya kubviswa kweganda rakatsva (debridement)
• Chinjana kuchipatara chinonyanya kugadzirisa kupisa
• Kushambidza kweganda (kudiridza), pamwe maawa mashoma mashoma kwemazuva akati wandei

Kuita zvakanaka kwemunhu kunoenderana nehuwandu hwecheta yakamedzwa uye nekukurumidza kurapwa kwakagamuchirwa. Iyo inokurumidza iyo munhu kuwana rubatsiro rwechiremba, ndiyo iri nani mukana wekupora.

Kumedza rudzi urwu rwehupfu kunogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya kumativi mazhinji emuviri. Kukuvara kwesophagus uye mudumbu zvinoramba zvichiitika kwemavhiki akati wandei mushure mekumedzwa kwesodium hydroxide. Rufu runogona kuitika kusvika kumwedzi yakati wandei gare gare kubva kune mamwe matambudziko. Makomba (maronda) mudumbu uye mudumbu anogona kukonzera utachiona hwakakomba munzvimbo dzemukati dzechipfuva nedumbu, izvo zvinogona kutungamira kurufu. Kuvhiya kunogona kudikanwa kana kemikari yakapwanya esophagus, dumbu, kana ura.

Hoyte C. Caustics. Mune: Masvingo RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts uye Clinical Practice. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chitsiko 148.

Kostic MA. Kuchetura. Mune: Kliegman RM, Stanton BF, St. Geme JW, Schor NF, eds. Nelson Chinyorwa chePediatrics. 20th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chits. 63.

Thomas SHL. Kuchetura. Mune: Ralston SH, Penman ID, Strachan MWJ, Hobson RP, eds. Misimboti yaDavidson uye Maitiro Ekurapa. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chits. 7.