Vascular mhete

Vascular mhete chimiro chisina kujairika cheaorta, tsinga hombe inotakura ropa kubva pamoyo ichienda kune wese muviri. Iri idambudziko rekuzvarwa naro, zvinoreva kuti riripo pakuberekwa.

Vascular mhete ishoma. Iyo inoverengera isingasviki 1% yezvose zvakaberekerwa matambudziko emoyo. Mamiriro acho anowanzoitika kazhinji muvanhurume sevanhukadzi. Vamwe vacheche vane mhete yevascular vane zvakare rimwe dambudziko rekuzvarwa nemoyo.

Vascular mhete inoitika kare kwazvo panguva yekukura kwemwana mudumbu. Kazhinji, aorta inokura kubva kune imwe yezvidimbu zvakamonyoroka zvinyama (maberere). Muviri unotyora mamwe mabara akasara, nepo mamwe achiumba tsinga. Mimwe tsinga dzinofanirwa kuputsika hadziite, izvo zvinoumba mhete yevascular.

Nemhete yevascular, mamwe emaberere nemidziyo ingadai yakashanduka kuita tsinga kana kunyangarika ichiripo mwana achazvarwa. Aya maberere anoita chindori chetsinga dzeropa, dzinokomberedza nekutsikirira pasi paipepipe (trachea) uye ezophagus.

Mhando dzakasiyana dzakasiyana dzetsinga dzetsinga dziripo. Mune mamwe marudzi, mhete yevascular inongokomberedza iyo trachea uye esophagus, asi zvakadaro zvinogona kukonzera zviratidzo.

Vamwe vana vane mhete yevascular havambove nezviratidzo. Zvisinei, muzviitiko zvakawanda, zviratidzo zvinoonekwa panguva yehucheche. Kudzvinyirira pane iyo windpipe (trachea) uye esophagus kunogona kutungamira kumatambudziko ekufema uye ekugaya. Kana ringi ichinge yakadzvanya pasi, zvakanyanya kukura zviratidzo.

Matambudziko ekufema anogona kusanganisira:

• Kukosora kwakakwira
• Kufema kukuru (stridor)
• Anodzokororwa mabayo kana mweya wekufema
• Kufuridzira kutambudzika
• Kushungurudza

Kudya kunogona kuita kuti zviratidzo zvekufema zvinyanye.

Zviratidzo zvekugaya hazviwanzo, asi zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Choking
• Zvakaoma kudya chikafu chakasimba
• Dambudziko kumedza (dysphagia)
• Gastroesophageal Reflux (GERD)
• Inononoka kuyamwisa kana kudyisa bhodhoro
• Kusvipa

Anopa hutano anoteerera kufema kwemwana kuti atsiure kumwe kunetseka kwekufema senge asthma. Kuteerera kumoyo wemwana kuburikidza ne stethoscope kunogona kubatsira kuziva kugunun'una uye mamwe matambudziko emoyo.

Iyi miedzo inotevera inogona kubatsira kuongorora kurira kwevascular:

• Chest x-ray
• Computed tomography (CT) scan yemoyo uye yakakura midziyo yeropa
• Kamera pasi pehuro kuti utarise mafambiro (bronchoscopy)
• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) yemoyo uye makuru eropa mitsipa
• Ultrasound bvunzo (echocardiogram) yemoyo
• X-ray yemidziyo yeropa (angiography)
• X-ray yesophagus uchishandisa dhayi yakakosha kusimudzira zvirinani nzvimbo (esophagram kana barium swallow)

Kuvhiya kunowanzoitwa nekukurumidza sezvazvinogona pavana vane zviratidzo. Chinangwa chekuvhiya ndechekupatsanura mhete yevascular uye kubvisa kumanikidza kune izvo zvakapoteredzwa zvivakwa Maitiro acho anowanzoitwa kuburikidza nekucheka kwekuvhiya kudiki kuruboshwe rwechipfuva pakati pembabvu.

Kuchinja chikafu chemwana kunogona kubatsira kudzikisira zviratidzo zvekugunun'una kwevascular ring. Iye mupi achapa mishonga (yakadai semishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya) yekurapa chero hutachiona hwehutachiona, kana zvikaitika.

Vana vasina zviratidzo vangangoda kurapwa asi vanofanirwa kunyatso tariswa kuti vaone kuti mamiriro acho haawedzere.

Kunyatsoita mwana mucheche kunoenderana nekumanikidza kwakawanda kuri kuita mhete yevascular pane isophagus uye trachea uye nekukurumidza kuti mucheche anoonekwa nekurapwa.

Kuvhiya kunoshanda mushe muzviitiko zvakawanda uye kazhinji kunoderedza zviratidzo ipapo. Matambudziko akakura ekufema anogona kutora mwedzi kuti aende. Vamwe vana vanogona kuramba vachifema zvine ruzha, kunyanya kana vachinyanya kushanda kana vane hutachiona hwekufema.

Kunonoka kuvhiyiwa mune zvakakomba zviitiko kunogona kutungamira kumatambudziko akakomba, sekukuvara kune trachea uye kufa.

Fonera wako mupi kana mwana wako aine zviratidzo zvevascular mhete. Kuongororwa uye kurapwa nekukurumidza kunogona kudzivirira kukomba kwakakomba.

Iko hakuna inozivikanwa nzira yekudzivirira iyi mamiriro.

Right aortic arch ine aberrant subclavian uye kuruboshwe ligamentum arteriosus; Kuberekwa kwemoyo kusakwana - mhete yevascular; Chibereko chekuzvarwa moyo - mhete yevascular

• Vascular mhete

Bryant R, Yoo SJ. Vascular mhete, pulmonary arterial sling, uye mamiriro akafanana. Muna: Wernovsky G, Anderson RH, Kumar K, et al, eds. Anderson's Pediatric Cardiology. 4th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chitsama 47.

Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM. Zvimwe zvekuzvarwa kwemoyo uye vascular malformations. Mune: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Chinyorwa chePediatrics. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chitsamba 459.

Webb GD, Smallhorn JF, Therrien J, Redington AN. Congenital chirwere chemoyo mune mukuru uye wevarwere murwere. Mune: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. Chirwere Chemwoyo cheBraunwald: A Chinyorwa cheCardiovascular Medicine. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chits. 75.