Carotid tsinga chirwere

Carotid arteri chirwere chinoitika kana iyo carotid arteri ipfupi kana kuvharika.

Iyo carotid arteri inopa chikamu cheropa guru kupa kuuropi yako. Ivo anowanikwa kune ese mativi emutsipa wako. Iwe unogona kunzwa kupisa kwavo pasi pejaya rako.

Carotid tsinga chirwere chinoitika kana mafuta zvinhu zvinonzi plaque zvinowanda mukati meetsinga. Uku kuvakwa kwedombo kunonzi kuomarara kwetsinga (atherosclerosis).

Dombo racho rinogona kuvhara zvishoma kana kudzikisa tsinga ye carotid. Kana zvinogona kukonzeresa kuti ganda riite kamwe kamwe. Ivha inovhara zvachose arteri inogona kutungamira pakurohwa.

Njodzi zvinhu zvekuvhara kana kudzikisira kwetsinga dzinosanganisira:

• Kusvuta (vanhu vanosvuta pakiti rimwe pazuva zvakapetwa nengozi yavo yekurohwa)
• Chirwere cheshuga
• Kuwedzera kweropa
• Yakakwira cholesterol uye triglycerides
• Kukwegura
• Nhoroondo yemhuri yekurohwa
• Doro shandisa
• Varaidzo yekushandisa zvinodhaka
• Kushungurudzika kunzvimbo yemutsipa, izvo zvinogona kukonzeresa mutsinga wecarotid

Pamatanho ekutanga, unogona kunge usina kana zviratidzo. Mushure mekumakwa kwedanda, zviratidzo zvekutanga zvecarotid arteri chirwere chingave sitiroko kana kurwisa kwechischemic kurwisa (TIA). TIA sitiroko diki isingakonzere kukuvara kusingaperi.

Zviratidzo zvekurohwa uye TIA zvinosanganisira:

• Kuona kwakashata
• Kuvhiringidzika
• Kurasika kwendangariro
• Kurasikirwa kwekunzwa
• Matambudziko nekutaura uye mutauro, kusanganisira kurasikirwa kwekutaura
• Kuona kurasikirwa (kukwana kana kukwana bofu)
• Kushaya simba mune chimwe chikamu chemuviri wako
• Matambudziko nekufunga, kufunga, uye ndangariro

Mutapi wako wezvehutano achaita bvunzo dzepanyama. Wako mupi anogona kushandisa stethoscope kuteerera kuyerera kweropa mumutsipa wako kune ruzha rusina kujairika rwunonzi bruit. Izwi iri rinogona kunge riri chiratidzo checarotid tsinga chirwere.

Wako mupi zvakare anogona kuwana kuwanda mumidziyo yeropa yeziso rako. Kana iwe uchinge warohwa sitiroko kana TIA, hunyanzvi system (neurological) bvunzo icharatidza mamwe matambudziko.

Iwe unogona zvakare kuve nemiedzo inotevera:

• Ropa cholesterol uye triglycerides bvunzo
• Ropa shuga (glucose) bvunzo
• Ultrasound yeiyo carotid arteri (carotid duplex ultrasound) kuti uone kuti ropa riri kuyerera zvakadii kuburikidza necarotid arteri

Iyi inotevera miedzo yekufungidzira inogona kushandiswa kuongorora tsinga dzeropa mumutsipa nehuropi:

• Cerebral angiography
• CT angiography
• MR angiography

Sarudzo dzekurapa dzinosanganisira:

• Ropa-kutapira mishonga yakadai saaspirin, clopidogrel (Plavix), warfarin (Coumadin), dabigatran (Pradaxa), kana vamwe kudzikisa njodzi yako yekurohwa
• Mishonga uye chikafu chinoshanduka kudzikisa cholesterol yako kana BP
• Hapana kurapwa, kunze kwekutarisa yako carotid arteri gore rega

Iwe unogona kunge uine mamwe maitiro ekurapa yakatetepa kana yakavharwa tsinga carotid:

• Carotid endarterectomy - Uku kuvhiya kunobvisa iyo plaque buildup mune iyo carotid arteri.
• Carotid angioplasty uye stenting - Maitiro aya anovhura akavharika arteri uye anoisa tudiki tambo mesh (stent) mune tsinga kuti irambe yakavhurika.

Nekuti hapana zviratidzo, unogona kusaziva kuti une carotid arteri chirwere kusvikira warwara nesitiroko kana TIA.

• Stroke ndiyo inonyanya kukonzera rufu muUnited States.
• Vamwe vanhu vane sitiroko vanowana zvakanyanya kana ese mabasa avo.
• Vamwe vanofa nesitiroko pachayo kana kubva kumatambudziko.
• Inenge hafu yevanhu vane sitiroko vane matambudziko enguva refu.

Matambudziko makuru e carotid arteri chirwere ndeaya:

• Yechinguva ischemic kurwisa. Izvi zvinoitika kana blot clot ichivhara kwenguva pfupi tsinga yeropa kuuropi. Zvinokonzera zviratidzo zvakafanana nekurohwa. Zviratidzo zvinongotora maminetsi mashoma kusvika paawa kana maviri, asi hazvipfuure maawa makumi maviri nemana. TIA haina kukonzera kukuvara kusingaperi. TIA chiratidzo chekunyevera kuti sitiroko inogona kuitika mune ramangwana kana pasina chakaitwa kuchidzivirira.
• Kurohwa. Kana kupihwa kweropa kuuropi kuchinge kwakadzivirirwa kana kunyatso kuvharwa, kunokonzera sitiroko. Kazhinji kazhinji, izvi zvinoitika kana ropa rakavhara rinovhara mudziyo weropa kuenda kuuropi. Sitiroko inogona zvakare kuitika kana ropa reropa rikazaruka kana kubuda. Kurohwa kunogona kukonzera kukuvara kwenguva refu kwehuropi kana kufa.

Enda kuimba yekukurumidzira kana kufonera iyo yemuno emergency emergency (yakadai se911) chingangoitika zviratidzo. Nokukurumidza paunogamuchira kurapwa, zviri nani mukana wako wekupora. Nesitiroko, sekondi yega yega yekunonoka inogona kukonzera kukuvara kwehuropi kwakawanda.

Hezvino izvo zvaunogona kuita kubatsira kudzivirira carotid artery chirwere uye sitiroko:

• Regedza kusvuta.
• Tevera chikafu chine hutano, chakaderera-mafuta nemiriwo mitsva nemichero.
• Usanwa zvinopfuura 1 kana 2 zvinwiwa zvinodhaka pazuva.
• Usashandise zvinodhaka zvinodhaka.
• Exercise kanokwana maminitsi makumi matatu pazuva, mazuva mazhinji evhiki.
• Tora cholesterol yako kuongororwa makore mashanu ese. Kana iwe uri kurapwa kune yakakwira cholesterol, iwe unofanirwa kuti uiongorore kazhinji.
• Ita kuti BP yako iongororwe makore ese maviri kana maviri. Kana iwe uine yakakwira BP, chirwere chemwoyo, chirwere cheshuga, kana iwe wakamboita sitiroko, unofanirwa kuti uiongororwe kakawanda. Kumbira mupiki wako.
• Tevedzera zvinokurudzirwa nemupi wako mupiro kana uine BP, chirwere cheshuga, cholesterol yakawanda, kana chirwere chemwoyo.

Carotid stenosis; Stenosis - carotid; Kurohwa - carotid tsinga; TIA - carotid tsinga

• Angioplasty uye stent kuiswa - carotid arteri - kubuda
• Carotid arteri kuvhiya - kubuda
• Cholesterol - kurapwa kwemishonga
• Kutora warfarin (Coumadin)

Biller J, Ruland S, Schneck MJ. Ischemic cerebrovascular chirwere. Mune: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, eds. Bradley's Neurology muClinical Dzidzira. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chits 65.

Brott TG, Halperin JL, Abbara S, uye al. 2011 ASA / ACCF / AHA / AANN / AANS / ACR / ASNR / CNS / SAIP / SCAI / SIR / SNIS / SVM / SVS nongedzo pane manejimendi evarwere vane extracranial carotid uye vertebral arteri chirwere: Executive pfupiso: mushumo weAmerican Koreji yeCardiology Foundation / American Heart Association Task Force pane Maitiro Ekudzidzira, uye American Stroke Association, American Association yeNeuroscience Nurses, American Association of Neurological Surgeons, American College yeRadiology, American Society yeNeuroradiology, Congress yeNeurological Surgeons, Sosaiti yeAtherosclerosis Kufananidza uye Kudzivirira, Sosaiti yeCardiovascular Angiography uye Kupindira, Sosaiti yeInternet Radiology, Sosaiti yeNeuroInterventional Surgery, Sosaiti yeVascular Medicine, uye Sosaiti yeVascular Surgery. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2013; 81 (1): E76-E123. PMID: 23281092 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23281092.

Meschia JF, Bushnell C, Boden-Albala B, uye al. Nongedzo dzekudzivirira kwekutanga sitiroko: chirevo chevashandi vezvehutano kubva kuAmerican Heart Association / American Stroke Association. Kurohwa. 2014; 45 (12): 3754-3832. PMID: 25355838 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25355838.

Meschia JF, Klaas JP, Brown RD Jr, Brott TG. Kuongorora uye manejimendi yeatherosclerotic carotid stenosis. Mayo Clin Proc. 2017; 92 (7): 1144-1157. PMID: 28688468 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28688468.