Gram stain: maitirwo ayo uye chii chaicho

Zvemukati

• Maitiro eGram anowanikwa sei
• Chii ichochi

Gram stain, kana kungoti Gram, inzira inokurumidza uye yakapusa inovavarira kusiyanisa mabhakitiriya zvinoenderana nehunhu hwesero ravo mushure mekuratidzwa kune akasiyana dhayi uye mhinduro.

Nekudaro, kuburikidza neGrm staining, zvinokwanisika kuongorora, kuwedzera kune chimiro chebhakitiriya, ruvara rwavanowana, uye mhedzisiro iyi yakakosha pakutsanangura dzimwe nzira dzekuziva mabhakitiriya emhando uye kuti chiremba aratidze kurapwa kwekudzivirira. maererano nemaikorosikopu akacherekedza hunhu.

Kusvibisa kwegiramu kunowanzoitwa zvakajairika murabhoritari uye chikamu chebvunzo reBacterioscopy. Nzwisisa chinonzi bacterioscopy uye kuti inoitwa sei.

Maitiro eGram anowanikwa sei

Gram stain inzira inokurumidza, inoshanda uye isingadhuri yekuziva mabhakitiriya anokonzeresa kutapukirwa, kubatsira vanachiremba kuratidza kurapwa kwekudzivirira kwehutachiona hunogona kuitika, sezvo mamwe maitiro emapoka ebhakitiriya achizivikanwa,

Kusvibisa kweGram kunoitwa mumatanho manomwe, zvisinei, iyo protocol inogona kusiyana zvichienderana nerabhoritari:

1. Isa mamwe makoloni ebacteria pane iyo slide, achiwedzera donhwe remvura kufambisa homogenization yemakoloni;
2. Rega riome zvishoma, uye banga rinogona kupfuura nekukurumidza nemurazvo kuti rifarire kuomeswa, zvisinei zvakakosha kucheresa tembiricha, nekuti kana iyo tembiricha yakanyanya kukwirira zvinogona kuitika kuti pane shanduko muchimiro che mabhakitiriya, ayo anogona kukanganisa mhedzisiro bvunzo;
3. Kana iyo slide ikaoma, vhara ne violet kristal dhayi uye rega iite kwemineti imwe chete;
4. Shamba slide pamwe nerukova rwemvura inoyerera uye vhara iyo slide neiyo lugol, iyo ine chinangwa chekugadzirisa iyo bhuruu dhayi, uye rega iite kwemineti imwe. Ose ari maviri mabhakitiriya anokwanisa kutora iyo yakaoma inoumbwa nedhayi uye neguolol, kuita bhuruu;
5. Wobva wageza iwo slide nemvura yekumwa uye woisa 95% doro, uchiisiya ichiita kwemasekondi makumi matatu. Doro rinokonzeresa kuputsa iyo lipid membrane iyo inoumba gram-negative mabhakitiriya uye, nekudaro, kubvisa iyo yakaoma yakaumbwa pakati peye dhayi negolol, kubvisa aya mabhakitiriya. Nekudaro, mune iyo kesi ye gram-yakanaka mabhakitiriya, doro rinoderedza mvura sero rusvingo rwegiramu-yakanaka mabhakitiriya, zvichikonzera kuti pores iderere uye ichiita kuti isapinda;
6. Ipapo, inofanira kugezwa zvakare pasi pemvura inoyerera uye vhara iyo slide pamwe neyechipiri dhayi, fuchsin kana safranin uye rega iite kwemasekondi makumi matatu;
7. Zvadaro, geza slide pasi pemvura inoyerera uye ibvumire kuti iome pane tembiricha yemukati.

Kana slidei yaoma, zvinokwanisika kuisa donhwe remafuta ekunyudza uye nekucherereredza pasi peiyo microscope ine 100x chinangwa, zvichikwanisika kutarisa kuvepo kana kusavapo kwebhakitiriya, pamwe nekuvapo kwembiriso nemasero epithelial.

Chii ichochi

Kusvibisa kweGram kune chinangwa chikuru chekusiyanisa mabhakitiriya zvichienderana nehunhu hwesero rusvingo uye general morphology. Nekudaro, zvinoenderana nehunhu hunocherechedzwa pasi pe microscope, mabhakitiriya anogona kuiswa muchikamu:

• Gram-yakanaka mabhakitiriya, iyo inoonekwa neruvara rwebhuruu nekuda kwekuti haina kusvibiswa nedoro, sezvo iine mukobvu weseru madziro uye ma pores avo anowoneka kana akafumurwa kugolol;
• Gram-isina mabhakitiriya, iyo inoonekwa pamwe neepingi / yepepuru ruvara nekuda kwekuti ivo vakasvinwa nedoro uye vakasvibiswa nesafranin kana fuchsin.

Mushure mekuona mabhakitiriya ari pasi pe microscope, zvinokwanisika kuti kumwe kuyedzwa kuchaitwa murabhoritari kuti uone mhando yebhakitiriya. Nekudaro, kuburikidza neGram uye kusangana nezviratidzo nezviratidzo zvinoratidzwa nemunhu, chiremba anogona kuratidza kurapwa kwekudzivirira kusvikira mhedzisiro yemamwe bvunzo yawanikwa, seiyi nzira zvinokwanisika kudzikisa mwero wekudzokororwa kwebhakitiriya uye kudzivirira kunetseka.