Chii chinonzi hutachiona hwechipatara, mhando uye zvinodzorwa sei?

Zvemukati

• Kazhinji kazhinji hutachiona
• 1. Mabayo
• 2. Urinary chirwere
• 3. Utachiona hweganda
• 4. Utachiona hweropa
• Ndiani ari panjodzi huru

Hutachiona hwechipatara, kana Hutano Hwehukama Hwakabatana Hutachiona (HAI) hunotsanangurwa sechero hutachiona hunowanikwa apo munhu anenge achibvumirwa kuenda kuchipatara, uye anogona achiri kuratidza panguva yekuchipatara, kana mushure mekubuda, sekureba sekuenderana nechipatara kana maitiro anoitwa pa chipatara.

Kuwana hutachiona muchipatara hazvishamise, nekuti ino inzvimbo inogara vanhu vazhinji vachirwara uye vachirapwa nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya. Munguva yenguva muchipatara, zvimwe zvezvinhu zvikuru zvinokonzera hutachiona ndeizvi:

• Kusawirirana kwemabhakitiriya maruva ganda nemuviri, kazhinji nekuda kwekushandiswa kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya;
• Kuwa kwekudzivirira kwema immune system yemunhu ari muchipatara, zvese zvechirwere uye nekushandisa mishonga;
• Kuita maitiro zvinopinda zvisina kujairika senge kuisa catheter, kuisa catheter, biopsies, endoscopies kana kuvhiya, semuenzaniso, izvo zvinoputsa chinodzivirira cheganda.

Kazhinji, hutachiona hunokonzeresa hutachiona hwechipatara haukonzere hutachiona mune mamwe mamiriro, sezvo vachishandisa zvakatipoteredza nemabhakitiriya mashoma asingakuvadzi uye kudonha kwekurwisa kwemurwere kugadzirisa. Kunyangwe izvi, mabhakitiriya epachipatara anowanzo kuve nehutachiona hwakakomba hwakaoma kurapa, sezvo achigomarara nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, saka zvakawandisa, zvakafanira kushandisa mamwe maabhakitiriya ane simba kurapa chirwere ichi.

Kazhinji kazhinji hutachiona

Zvirwere zvakawanikwa muchipatara zvinogona kutungamira pakuonekwa kwezviratidzo nezviratidzo zvinosiyana zvichienderana nehutachiona hunokonzera hutachiona uye nzira yekupinda mumuviri. Zvirwere zvinowanzoitika munzvimbo yechipatara ndezvi:

1. Mabayo

Chirwere-chinowanikwa chibayo chinowanzo kuve chakakomba uye chinowanzoitika kune vanhu vakavata pamubhedha, vasina chavanoziva kana vane chinetso chekumedza, nekuda kwenjodzi yekushuvira chikafu kana mate. Uye zvakare, vanhu vanoshandisa zvinobatsira kufema vane mukana wekuwana hutachiona hunowanikwa muchipatara.

Mamwe mabhakitiriya akajairika mumhando iyi yemabayo ariKlebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Staphylococcus aureus, Legionella sp., kuwedzera kune mamwe marudzi ehutachiona uye fungi.

Zviratidzo zvikuru: Zviratidzo zvikuru zvinosanganisirwa nechipatara pneumonia marwadzo muchipfuva, kukosora neine yero kana kubuda kweropa, fivha, kuneta, kushaya nzara uye kufema kwekufema.

2. Urinary chirwere

Chipatara Urinary turakiti hutachiona hunowanikwa nekushandisa kwesprobe panguva yekugara muchipatara, kunyangwe chero munhu achigona kuikurira. Mimwe yebhakitiriya inobatanidzwa zvikuru mumamiriro ezvinhu aya inosanganisira Escherichia coli, Proteus sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella sp., Enterobacter sp., Enterococcus faecalis uye fungi, senge Candida sp.

Zviratidzo zvikuru: Urinary turakiti hutachiona hunogona kuzivikanwa nekurwadziwa kana kutsva paunenge uchiita weti, kurwadziwa mudumbu, kuvapo kweropa mumurini uye fivha.

3. Utachiona hweganda

Zvirwere zveganda zvakajairika nekuda kwekushandisa majekiseni uye kuwanikwa kwehutachiona kumishonga kana bvunzo sampuro, kuvhiya kana biopsy mavanga kana kuumbwa kwemabhedha. Humwe hutachiona hunobatanidzwa murudzi urwu rwehutachionaStaphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus, Klebsiella sp., Proteus sp., Enterobacter sp, Serratia sp., Streptococcus sp. uye Staphylococcus epidermidis, Semuyenzaniso.

Zviratidzo zvikuru: Panyaya yehutachiona hweganda, panogona kuve nenzvimbo yekutsvuka uye kuzvimba mudunhu, riine kana pasina kuvapo kwemablisters. Kazhinji, saiti iyi inorwadza uye inopisa, uye panogona kunge paine kugadzirwa kwepurulent uye kunhuwa kunodzivirira.

4. Utachiona hweropa

Utachiona hweropa hunodaidzwa kuti septicemia uye hunowanzoitika mushure mekutapukirwa kwechimwe chikamu chemuviri, icho chinopararira kuburikidza neropa. Rudzi urwu rwehutachiona rwakakomba, uye kana ikasarapwa nekukurumidza inogona kukurumidza kukonzera kutadza kwemuviri uye njodzi yekufa. Chero ipi yehutachiona kubva kuzvirwere inogona kupararira kuburikidza neropa, uye zvimwe zvakajairika zviri E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis kana Candida, Semuyenzaniso.

Zviratidzo zvikuru: Zviratidzo zvikuru zvine chekuita nehutachiona muropa ifivhiri, kutonhora, kudzvanya, kushaya simba kwehana, kukotsira. Dzidza maitiro ekuziva hutachiona muropa rako.

Kune mamwewo akati wandei mamwe mashoma maitiro eanocomial hutachiona, ayo anokanganisa matunhu akasiyana siyana emuviri, senge muromo wemuromo, nzira yekugaya, sikarudzi, maziso kana nzeve, semuenzaniso. Chero hutachiona hwechipatara hunofanirwa kuzivikanwa nekukurumidza uye kurapwa nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, kudzivirira kuti irege kuva yakakomba nekuisa pangozi hupenyu hwemunhu.Naizvozvo, pamberi pechiratidzo chero chipi kana chiratidzo cheichi chiitiko, chiremba anoona anofanira kuziviswa.

Ndiani ari panjodzi huru

Chero ani zvake anogona kuve nehutachiona hwechipatara, zvisinei avo vane hutachiona hwakakura hwekuzvidzivirira vari panjodzi huru, senge:

• Vakuru;
• Vachangoberekwa;
• Vanhu vane hutachiona husina kukodzera, nekuda kwezvirwere zvakaita seAIDS, post-transplant kana kushandisa zvinodhaka zvinodzivirira muviri;
• Yakashata inodzorwa chirwere cheshuga mellitus;
• Vanhu vari pamubhedha kana neakachinja kuziva, sezvo vaine mukana wepamusoro wekusuwa;
• Zvirwere zvevascular, zvine kutenderera kutenderera, sezvo zvichitadzisa oxygenation uye kupora kwetishu;
• Varwere vanoda rubatsiro rwekushandisa zvisina kufanira, senge urineti catheterization, kuiswa kweiyo venous catheter, kushandiswa kwemhepo kufema nemidziyo;
• Kuita kuvhiya.

Pamusoro pezvo, kugara kwechipatara kwenguva yakareba, ndipo paunowedzera njodzi yekuwana hutachiona hwechipatara, sezvo paine mukana mukuru wekuratidzira njodzi nenjodzi dzinotakura.