Munyori: Frank Hunt
Zuva Rekusika: 14 Kurume 2021
Gadziridza Zuva: 19 Mbudzi 2024
Anonim
The EXCRUCIATING Anatomy of Bowel Obstructions
Vhidhiyo: The EXCRUCIATING Anatomy of Bowel Obstructions

Zvemukati

Kuti aone gomarara, chiremba anogona kubvunzwa kuyera mamota mamaki, zvinova zvinhu zvinoburitswa nemaseru kana neicho bundu pacharo, senge AFP nePSA, izvo zvinokwidziridzwa muropa muine mamwe marudzi ekenza. Ziva zviratidzo nezviratidzo zvinogona kuratidza cancer.

Kuyerwa kwemamota mamaki kwakakosha kwete chete kuti uone cancer, asi zvakare kuongorora mabundu kukura uye kupindura kurapwa.

Kunyangwe mamota mamakisi ari kuratidza kenza, mamwe mamiriro asina kunaka anogona kutungamira mukuwedzera kwavo, senge appendicitis, prostatitis kana prostate hyperplasia uye, nekudaro, muzviitiko zvakawanda zvakafanira kuita mimwe bvunzo yekusimbisa kuongororwa, senge Ultrasound kana magnetic resonance , Semuyenzaniso.

Uye zvakare, hunhu hwezviratidzo zvebundu rekuyerwa kweropa zvinosiyana maererano nerabhoritari uye murume kana murume murwere, zvakakosha kuti utarise kukosha kwerebhu. Heano maitiro ekunzwisisa kuongororwa kweropa.


8 bundu zviratidzo zvinoratidza gomarara

Mimwe yemiedzo inonyanya kukumbirwa nachiremba kuti azive kenza ndeiyi:

1. AFP

Izvo zvainoona: Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) ipuroteni ine dosi inogona kurairwa kuti iongorore mamota mudumbu, ura, mazai kana kuvapo kwemastastases muchiropa.

Referendi kukosha: Kazhinji, kana paine shanduko yakaipa, kukosha kwacho kwakakura kupfuura 1000 ng / ml. Nekudaro, kukosha uku kunogona zvakare kuwedzerwa mumamiriro ezvinhu senge cirrhosis kana chisingaperi hepatitis, semuenzaniso, kukosha kwayo kuri padyo ne500 ng / ml.

2. MCA

Izvo zvainoona: Carcinoma-inosanganisirwa mucoid antigen (MCA) inowanzo fanirwa kutarisa kenza yemazamu. Kuziva zvimwe zviratidzo zvekenza yemazamu verenga: 12 zviratidzo zvegomarara repazamu.


Referendi kukosha: Muzviitiko zvakawanda inogona kuratidza kenza kana kukosha kwayo kuri kukuru kupfuura gumi nemana U / ml mukuyedzwa kweropa. Nekudaro, kukosha uku kunogona kunge kuri kuwedzera mumamiriro mashoma, akadai semabundu ane huturu eovary, chibereko kana prostate.

Kazhinji, chiremba anokumbirawo muyero wechiratidzo CA 27.29 kana CA 15.3 yekutarisa kenza yemazamu uye kutarisa mhinduro kurapa uye mukana wekudzokazve. Nzwisisa kuti ndeyei uye kuti bvunzo dzeCA dzinoitwa sei 15.3.

3. BTA

Izvo zvazvinoona: Dundira tumor antigen (BTA) inoshandiswa kubatsira kuona cancer yegunduru uye inowanzo dosed pamwechete neNMP22 neECA.

Referendi kukosha: Mukuvapo kwegomarara redundira, bvunzo ine kukosha kwakanyanya kudarika 1. Kuvapo kweBTA mumuguta, zvisinei, kunogona zvakare kukwidziridzwa mumatambudziko asina kunyanya kukura sekuputika kwetsvo kana urethra, kunyanya kana uchishandisa catheter yedundira.

4. PSA

Izvo zvazvinoona: Prostate antigen (PSA) ipuroteni inowanzo gadzirirwa iyo prostate, asi kana iri kenza yeprostate inogona kuwedzera kusangana. Dzidza zvakawanda nezve PSA.


Referendi kukosha: Kana kusangana kwePSA muropa kuri kukuru kupfuura 4.0 ng / ml, inogona kuratidza kukura kwekenza uye, kana iri huru kudarika 50 ng / ml, inogona kuratidza kuvepo kwemastastases. Nekudaro, kuti usimbise kenza inofanirwa kuita kumwe kuyedza kwakadai sedhijitari rectal kuongororwa uye ultrasound yeprostate, nekuti iko kusungwa kweproteinini iyi kunogona zvakare kuwedzerwa mumamiriro ezvinhu asina kunaka. Nzwisisa zvakawanda nezve maitiro ekuziva rudzi urwu rwegomarara.

5. CA 125

Izvo zvainoona: CA 125 mucherechedzo unoshandiswa zvakanyanya kutarisa mukana uye kuongorora kukura kwegomarara reovari. Muyero wechiratidzo ichi unofanirwa kuperekedzwa nemamwe mabvunzo kuitira kuti kuongororwa kwakakodzera kuitwe. Dzidza zvakawanda nezve CA 125.

Referendi kukosha: Kazhinji ichi chiratidzo checancer yechibereko kana kukosha kwacho kuri kudarika 65 U / ml. Nekudaro, kukosha kwacho kunogona zvakare kuwedzerwa mune kesi yecirrhosis, cysts, endometriosis, hepatitis kana pancreatitis.

6. Calcitonin

Izvo zvainoona: Calcitonin ihormone inogadzirwa nehutachiona uye iyo inogona kuwedzerwa kunyanya kune vanhu vane cancer yegomarara, asiwo mune vanhu vane gomarara repazamu kana remapapu, semuenzaniso. Ona kuti bvunzo yecalcitonin inoitwa sei.

Referendi kukosha: Chingave chiratidzo checancer kana kukosha kwacho kuri kukuru kudarika makumi maviri pg / ml, asi hunhu hunogona kuchinjwazve nekuda kwezvinetso zvakaita sepancreatitis, chirwere chePaget uye kunyangwe panguva yekuzvitakura.

7. Thyroglobulin

Izvo zvainoona: Thyroglobulin inowanzo kukwidziridzwa mugomarara rekenza, zvisinei, kuitira kuti uongorore gomarara retachiona, mamwe mamaki anofanirwa kuyerwa, senge calcitonin uye TSH, semuenzaniso, sezvo thyroglobulin inogona kuwedzerwa kunyangwe muvanhu vasina chirwere.

Referendi kukosha: Izvo zvakajairwa tsika zve thyroglobulin zviri pakati pe1.4 uye 78 g / ml, pamusoro pekuti inogona kuratidza gomarara. Ona kuti ndezvipi zviratidzo zvegomarara rekenza.

8. AEC

Izvo zvainoona: Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) inogona kudonhedzwa mhando dzakasiyana dzekenza, uye inowanzo kukwidziridzwa mukenza mumatumbu, ichikanganisa colon kana rectum. Dzidza zvakawanda nezve gomarara redumbu.

Referendi kukosha: Kuti ive chiratidzo chegomarara, iyo CEA yevasungwa inoda kuve yakapetwa kashanu kupfuura iyo yakajairwa kukosha, iyo inosvika ku5 ng / mL mune vanoputa uye kusvika ku3 ng / mL mune vasingaputi. Nzwisisa kuti bvunzo yeECA chii uye ndeyei.

Pamusoro pekuedzwa kweropa uku, zvinokwanisika kuyera mamwe mahormone nemapuroteni, akadai seCA 19.9, CA 72.4, LDH, Cathepsin D, Telomerase uye munhu chorionic Gonadotropin, semuenzaniso, ayo akachinja mareferensi kukosha kana gomarara richikura. mune imwe nhengo.

Magnetic resonance

Maitiro ekusimbisa kuongororwa kwekenza

Panyaya yekufungidzira gomarara, zvinodikanwa kuti usimbise kuongororwa, kunowanzo kumbirwa nachiremba, bvunzo dzekuwedzera dzekufungidzira, senge:

  • Ultrasound: Iyo inozivikanwawo seultrasound, inova bvunzo iyo inobvumidza iwe kuona maronda munhengo dzakadai sechiropa, chirwatata, spleen, itsvo, prostate, zamu, utachiona, chibereko nemazai;
  • Radiography: Iko kuongorora kunoitwa neX-ray, iyo inobatsira kuona shanduko mumapapu, musana nemapfupa;
  • Kufananidza kweMagnetic resonance: Icho chifananidzo chekuongorora icho chinoona shanduko munhengo dzakadai sezamu, tsinga dzeropa, chiropa, rwatata, chirwatata, itsvo uye adrenal.
  • Yakagadzirwa tomography: Inoitwa kana paine shanduko muiyo X-ray uye inowanzo kumbirwa kuti uongorore mapapu, chiropa, spleen, pancreas, majoini uye pharynx, semuenzaniso.

Muzviitiko zvakawanda, kusimbiswa kwekuongororwa kunoitwa kuburikidza nekubatanidzwa kweye siyana bvunzo, sekucherechedza murwere, kuongororwa kweropa, MRI uye biopsy, semuenzaniso.

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