Kuvharwa kwepamusoro pemhepo

Kuvharika kwenzira yekumusoro yemhepo kunoitika kana nzira dzekufema dzekumusoro dzadzikira kana kuvharika, zvoita kuti kufeme kufema. Nzvimbo dziri munzira yekumusoro yepamusoro dzinogona kukanganisika imhepo (trachea), izwi bhokisi (larynx), kana huro (pharynx).

Nzira yemhepo inogona kudzikira kana kuvharika nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakawanda, zvinosanganisira:

• Allergic reaction umo trachea kana huro kuzvimba kwakavharwa, kusanganisira allergic reaction kune nyuchi inoruma, nzungu, mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya (yakadai sepenicillin), uye mishonga yeropa (senge ACE inhibitors)
• Makemikari kutsva uye maitiro
• Epiglottitis (hutachiona hwechimiro chinoparadzanisa trachea kubva kugurokuro)
• Moto kana kupisa kubva mukufema muutsi
• Mitumbi yekune dzimwe nyika, senzungu nezvimwe zvinofemerwa-muzvikafu, zvidimbu zvebharuni, mabhatani, mari, uye matoyi madiki
• Zvirwere zvekumusoro kwenzvimbo yemhepo
• Kukuvadza kunzvimbo yepamusoro yepamhepo
• Peritonsillar abscess (muunganidzwa wezvinhu zvine hutachiona padyo nematoni)
• Chepfu kubva kune zvimwe zvinhu, senge strychnine
• Retropharyngeal abscess (kuunganidzwa kwehutachiona zvinhu mumashure memugwagwa)
• Yakakomba asima kurwisa
• Kenza yegoridhe
• Tracheomalacia (kushaya simba kwetikaradhi inotsigira trachea)
• Vocal tambo matambudziko
• Kupfuura kana kusagadzikana

Vanhu vari panjodzi yakanyanya yekuvharirwa nendege vanosanganisira avo vane:

• Matambudziko eNeurologic sekumedza kunetseka mushure mekurohwa
• Mazino akarasika
• Mamwe matambudziko ehutano hwepfungwa

Vana vadiki uye vakuru vakuru vari zvakare panjodzi huru yekudzivirira nzira yemhepo.

Zviratidzo zvinosiyana, zvinoenderana nechakonzera. Asi zvimwe zviratidzo zvinowanzoitika kune ese marudzi eiyo nzira yekuvhara mweya. Izvi zvinosanganisira:

• Kusagadzikana kana kudzungaira
• Ruvara rweBluish kune iro ganda (cyanosis)
• Shanduko mukuziva
• Choking
• Kuvhiringidzika
• Kunetseka kufema, kufemera mweya, zvichikonzera kutya
• Kusaziva
• Kurira, kurira, kuridza muridzo, kana mimwe mhere yekufema isina kujairika inoratidza kunetseka kufema

Anopa hutano anozoongorora muviri uye ongorora nzira yekufema. Iye mupi anozobvunzawo nezve izvo zvinogona kukonzeresa kuvhara.

Bvunzo hadziwanzo kudikanwa, asi dzinogona kusanganisira:

• Bronchoscopy (chubhu kuburikidza nemuromo kupinda trachea uye bronchial machubhu)
• Laryngoscopy (chubhu kuburikidza nemuromo kupinda kumashure kwehuro nevoicebox)
• X-ray

Kurapa kunoenderana nechikonzero chekuvhara.

• Zvinhu zvakanamirwa munzira yemhepo zvinogona kubviswa nemidziyo yakakosha.
• Chubhu inogona kuiswa mumhepo (endotracheal tube) kubatsira nekufema.
• Dzimwe nguva kuvhurwa kunoitwa kuburikidza nemutsipa kuenda munzira yemhepo (tracheostomy kana cricothyrotomy).

Kana kuvharirwa kuri kukonzerwa nemuviri wekunze, senge chidimbu chechikafu chakafemerwa mukati, kuita kukanda mudumbu kana kumanikidza pachipfuva kunogona kuponesa hupenyu hwemunhu.

Kukurumidza kurapwa kunowanzobudirira. Asi mamiriro acho ane njodzi uye anogona kuuraya, kunyangwe kana ukarapwa.

Kana chipinganidzo chisina kubviswa, zvinogona kukonzera:

• Kukuvara kwehuropi
• Kufema kutadza
• Rufu

Kudzivirirwa kwemhepo kazhinji kunowanzoitika nechimbichimbi. Fonera 911 kana iyo yemuno emergency emergency kune rubatsiro rwekurapa. Tevedza rairo yekuti ungabatsira sei kuchengeta munhu achifema kusvikira rubatsiro rwasvika.

Kudzivirira kunoenderana nechikonzero chekudzivirira kwepamhepo kwepamusoro.

Nzira dzinotevera dzinogona kubatsira kudzivirira chipingaidzo:

• Idya zvishoma uye utsvage chikafu zvachose.
• Usanwa doro rakawandisa usati wadya kana kuti uchidya.
• Chengeta zvinhu zvidiki kure nevana vadiki.
• Ita shuwa kuti denture anokwana zvakanaka.

Dzidza kuziva chiratidzo chepasirese chekutadza kufema nekuda kwenzira yakavharika: kubata mutsipa nerumwe kana maoko maviri. Uyezve dzidza kuchenesa muviri wekunze kubva munzira yekumhepo uchishandisa nzira senge yekuzvimba mudumbu.

Kuvharika kwemhepo - kwakanyanya kwepamusoro

• Huro anatomi
• Choking
• Kufuridzira system

Mutyairi BE, Reardon RF. Basic airway manejimendi uye kutora sarudzo. Mune: Roberts JR, Custalow CB, Thomsen TW, eds. Roberts uye Hedges 'Clinical Maitiro muEmergency Medicine uye Acute Kuchengeta. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chits. 3.

Rose E. Pediatric kufema kwekukurumidzira: kumusoro kwekuvharika kwemhepo uye hutachiona. Mune: Masvingo RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts uye Clinical Practice. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chitsiko 167.

Thomas SH, Goodloe JM. Mitumbi yekune dzimwe nyika. Mune: Masvingo RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts uye Clinical Practice. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chits. 53.