Yakapunzika mapapu (pneumothorax)

Papu rakadonha rinoitika kana mweya wabuda mupapu. Mhepo inozadza nzvimbo iri kunze kwepapu, pakati pemapapu uye chipfuva chemadziro. Kuvaka kwemhepo kunoisa kumanikidza pamapapu, saka haigone kuwedzera zvakanyanya sezvainoita kana uchifema.

Zita rekurapa rechimiro ichi pneumothorax.

Mapapu akadonha anogona kukonzerwa nekukuvara mupapu. Kukuvara kunogona kusanganisira kupfura kana ronda rebanga kuchifuva, kutyoka kwembabvu, kana mamwe marapirwo.

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, mapapu akadonha anokonzerwa nemabhuru emhepo (mabhurubhu) ayo anovhurika, achitumira mweya munzvimbo yakatenderedza mapapu. Izvi zvinogona kukonzerwa neshanduko yemhepo shanduko senge kana scuba diving kana kuenda kunzvimbo yakakwirira.

Vakareba, vanhu vakaonda uye vanosvuta vari panjodzi yekudonha kwepapu.

Zvirwere zvemapapu zvinogona zvakare kuwedzera mukana wekutora mapapu akadonha. Izvi zvinosanganisira:

• Asima
• Chirwere chisingaperi chinodzivirira pulmonary chirwere (COPD)
• Cystic fibrosis
• Tiibhii
• Chikosoro

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, mapapu akadonha anoitika pasina chikonzero. Izvi zvinonzi mapapu akapunzika akadonha.

Zviratidzo zvakajairika zvemapapu akadonha anosanganisira:

• Chipfuva chinopinza kana kurwadziwa kwepafudzi, kunowedzerwa nekufema kwakadzika kana kukosora
• Kufema kwekufema
• Nasal flaring (kubva kupfupika kwemweya wekufema)

Iyo pneumothorax yakakura inokonzera zvimwe zviratidzo zvakakomba, zvinosanganisira:

• Bluish ruvara rweganda nekuda kwekushayikwa kwe oxygen
• Kusunga pachifuva
• Lightheadedness uye pedyo nekufenda
• Kuneta kuri nyore
• Kufema zvisina kujairika maitiro kana kuwedzerwa simba rekufema
• Kukurumidza kurova kwemoyo
• Kuvhunduka nekudonha

Anopa hutano anoteerera kufema kwako ne stethoscope. Kana iwe uine rakapunzika mapapu, kune yakaderera mweya mweya kurira kana pasina mweya kurira kune yakakanganiswa divi. Iwe unogona zvakare kuve uine yakaderera BP.

Miedzo inogona kurairwa inosanganisira:

• Chest x-ray
• Arterial gasi eropa uye kumwe kuongorora kweropa
• CT scan kana kumwe kukuvara kana mamiriro achifungidzirwa
• Electrocardiogram (ECG)

Iyo pneumothorax diki inogona kuenda yayo yega nekufamba kwenguva. Unogona kungoda kurapwa kweoksijeni nekuzorora.

Iye mupi anogona kushandisa tsono kubvumira mweya kutiza kubva kwakatenderedza mapapu kuti igone kuwedzera zvizere. Unogona kubvumidzwa kuenda kumba kana uchigara padyo nechipatara.

Kana iwe uine pneumothorax hombe, chipfuva chepfuva chichaiswa pakati pembabvu munzvimbo yakatenderedza mapapu kubatsira kuburitsa mweya uye kubvumira mapapu kuti awedzere kuwedzera. Chubhu yechipfuva inogona kusiiwa irimo kwemazuva akati wandei uye ungangoda kugara muchipatara. Kana diki chipfuva chubhu kana flutter vharafu ikashandiswa, unogona kukwanisa kuenda kumba. Unofanira kudzokera kuchipatara kuti chubhu kana vharuvhu ibviswe.

Vamwe vanhu vane mapapu akadonha vanoda imwe oxygen.

Kuvhiyiwa kwemapapu kunogona kudiwa kuti ubate mapapu akadonha kana kudzivirira zvikamu zvenguva yemberi. Iyo nzvimbo yakaitika kuburitsa inogona kugadziriswa. Dzimwe nguva, chakakosha kemikari inoiswa munzvimbo yemapapu akadonha. Ichi chemakemikari chinokonzera vanga kuti riumbike. Iyi nzira inonzi pleurodesis.

Kana iwe uine mapapu akadonha, iwe uri mukana wekuve neumwe mune ramangwana kana iwe:

• Yakareba uye yakatetepa
• Ramba uchisvira
• Wakave nezvikamu zviviri zvemapapu zvakadonha munguva yakapfuura

Unonyatsoita sei mushure mekuita mapapu akadonha zvinoenderana nezvakakonzera.

Zvinetso zvinogona kusanganisira chero yeanotevera:

• Rimwe rakadonha mapapu mune ramangwana
• Kuvhunduka, kana paine kukuvara kwakakomba kana hutachiona, kuzvimba kwakanyanya, kana kuyerera kwemapapu

Fonera mupiki wako kana iwe uine zviratidzo zvemapapu akadonha, kunyanya kana iwe wakambove nawo pamberi.

Iko hakuna inozivikanwa nzira yekudzivirira rakapunzika mapapu. Kutevedzera maitiro akajairika kunogona kudzora njodzi yepneumothorax kana scuba diving. Iwe unogona kudzikisa njodzi yako nekusasvuta.

Mhepo yakakomberedza mapapu; Mhepo kunze kwepapu; Pneumothorax akadonha mapapu; Pneumothorax inongoerekana yaitika

• Mapapu
• Aortic rupture - chifuva x-ray
• Pneumothorax - chipfuva x-ray
• Kufuridzira system
• Chifuva chubhu kupinza - akateedzana
• Pneumothorax - akatevedzana

Byyny RL, Shockley LW. Scuba diving uye dysbarism. Mune: Masvingo RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts uye Clinical Practice. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chits. 135.

Chiedza RW, Lee YCG. Pneumothorax, chylothorax, hemothorax, uye fibrothorax. Mune: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, eds. Murray naNadel Chinyorwa cheKufema Kwemishonga. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chits 81.

Raja AS. Kunetseka kukuru. Mune: Masvingo RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts uye Clinical Practice. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chitsiko 38.