Kenza yakajeka

Colorectal cancer igomarara rinotanga muura hukuru (colon) kana rectum (kupera kwekoloni).

Dzimwe mhando dzekenza dzinogona kukanganisa colon. Izvi zvinosanganisira lymphoma, carcinoid tumors, melanoma, uye sarcomas. Izvi hazviwanzo. Muchikamu chino, gomarara rekoloni rinoreva kenza yakajeka chete.

MuUnited States, kenza yakajeka ndeimwe yezvinonyanya kukonzera kufa kwevanhu nekuda kwegomarara. Kuongororwa kwekutanga kunogona kutungamira pakurapwa kwakakwana.

Anenge ese kanzura yekoloni anotanga mune yekumonera yekoloni uye rectum. Kana vanachiremba votaura nezve kenza yakajeka, izvi kazhinji ndizvo zvavari kutaura nezvazvo.

Iko hakuna chikonzero chimwe checancer yekenza. Anenge ese kanzura yekenza inotanga seisina-cancer (benign) polyps, iyo inononoka kukura kuita cancer.

Iwe une njodzi yakakwira yekenza yekoloni kana iwe:

• Vakura kupfuura makumi mashanu
• Ari African American kana yekumabvazuva kweEuropean dzinza
• Idya zvakawanda zvitsvuku kana zvakagadziriswa nyama
• Iva nemavara polyps
• Iva nehutachiona hwechirwere (chirwere cheCrohn kana ulcerative colitis)
• Iva nenhoroondo yemhuri yekenza yekoloni

Zvimwe zvirwere zvakagarwa nhaka zvinowedzerawo njodzi yekubatwa nekenza yemukondoni. Chimwe chezvinhu zvakajairika chinonzi Lynch syndrome.

Izvo zvaunodya zvinogona kuita chinzvimbo mukuwana gomarara rekoloni. Kenza yekoloni inogona kuve yakabatana neakakwira-mafuta, akaderera-fiber kudya uye kune yakanyanya kudya nyama tsvuku. Zvimwe zvidzidzo zvakaona kuti njodzi haidonhe kana iwe ukachinjira kune yepamusoro-fiber chikafu, saka iyi link haisati yajeka.

Kusvuta fodya uye kunwa doro zvimwe zvengozi zvinokonzerwa nekenza yakajeka.

Zviitiko zvakawanda zvekenza yekoloni hazvina zviratidzo. Kana paine zviratidzo, zvinotevera zvinogona kuratidza cancer yekoloni:

• Kusuruvara kwepamuviri uye unyoro mudumbu rezasi
• Ropa muzvigaro
• Dhairrhea, kuvharirwa, kana kumwe kuchinja muhunhu
• Zvigaro zvakamanikana
• Kurera huremu pasina chikonzero chinozivikanwa

Kuburikidza nekuongorora bvunzo, gomarara rekoloni rinogona kuonekwa zviratidzo zvisati zvavapo. Apa ndipo apo gomarara rinorapika.

Chiremba wako achaita bvunzo dzepanyama uye achimanikidza padumbu rako nzvimbo. Kuongorora kwepanyama hakuwanzo kuratidza chero matambudziko, kunyangwe chiremba anganzwa bundu (uremu) mudumbu. Iyo rectal bvunzo inogona kuratidza huremu mune vanhu vane rectal cancer, asi kwete colon colon.

Iyo fecal yemashiripiti yeropa bvunzo (FOBT) inogona kuona shoma reropa muchigaro. Izvi zvinogona kuratidza cancer yekoloni. Sigmoidoscopy, kana zvimwe, colonoscopy, ichaitwa kuti uongorore chikonzero cheropa muduru rako.

Iyo chete yakazara colonoscopy ndiyo inogona kuona iyo yakazara colon. Iyi ndiyo yakanyanya kuyedza bvunzo yekenza yemukenza.

Kuongororwa kweropa kunogona kuitwa kune avo vanoonekwa kuti vane kenza yakajeka, kusanganisira:

• Yakazara kuverenga kweropa (CBC) kutarisa kushomeka kweropa
• Chiropa basa bvunzo

Kana iwe ukaonekwa uine colorectal cancer, mimwe miedzo ichaitwa kuti uone kana gomarara rapararira. Uku kunodaidzwa kunzi staging. CT kana MRI inoongorora yemudumbu, yepelvic nzvimbo, kana chipfuva inogona kushandiswa kuisa cancer. Dzimwe nguva, PET scans inoshandiswa zvakare.

Matanho ekenza yekoloni ndeaya:

• Stage 0: Kenza yekutanga kwazvo mukati memukatikati medumbu
• Nhanho I: Kenza iri mumativi emukati mekoloni
• Chikamu chechipiri: Kenza yakapararira kuburikidza nemadziro emhasuru yekoloni
• Chikamu chechitatu: Kenza yakapararira kune iyo lymph node
• Stage IV: Kenza yakapararira kune dzimwe nhengo kunze kwekoloni

Kuongororwa kweropa kuti uone mamaki mamaki, senge carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) inogona kubatsira chiremba kukutevera panguva uye mushure mekurapwa.

Kurapa kunoenderana nezvinhu zvakawanda, kusanganisira danho rekenza. Mishonga inogona kusanganisira:

• Kuvhiya kubvisa bundu
• Chemotherapy kuuraya cancer maseru
• Radiation Therapy yekuparadza cancer cancer
• Yakananga kurapwa yekurapa cancer kubva mukukura nekupararira

Kuvhiya

Stage 0 cancer yekenza inogona kurapwa nekubvisa bundu uchishandisa colonoscopy. Kwematanho I, II, uye III kenza, chirwere chakawandisa chinodiwa kubvisa chikamu chekoloni icho chine cancer. Uku kuvhiya kunonzi colon resection (colectomy).

CHEMOTHERAPY

Vanenge vese vanhu vane danho rechitatu kenza yekoloni vanowana chemotherapy mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwemwedzi mitatu kusvika kumitanhatu. Izvi zvinonzi adjuvant chemotherapy. Kunyangwe hazvo bundu rakabviswa, chemotherapy inopihwa kurapa chero maseru ekenza anogona kusara.

Chemotherapy inoshandiswawo kugadzirisa zviratidzo uye kuwedzera kupona mune vanhu vane danho IV cancer kenza.

Unogona kugashira imwe chete mhando yemishonga kana musanganiswa wemishonga.

KUPENYA

Radiation kurapa dzimwe nguva inoshandiswa kune cancer cancer.

Kune vanhu vane chirwere chechikamu chechina chakapararira kuchiropa, kurapwa kunonangidzirwa pachiropa kunogona kushandiswa. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Kupisa cancer (ablation)
• Kununura chemotherapy kana radiation zvakananga muchiropa
• Kusunungura kenza (cryotherapy)
• Kuvhiya

TARAPA INOTARISWA

• Zvinotarisirwa kurapwa zeroes mukati mezvimwe zvinangwa (mamorekuru) mumasero ekenza. Izvi zvinangwa zvinoita sekuti maseru ekenza anokura nekurarama. Uchishandisa izvi zvinangwa, mushonga unoremadza maseru ekenza kuitira kuti atadze kupararira. Kurapa kwakanangwa kunogona kupihwa semapiritsi kana kunogona kuiswa mukati mutsinga.
• Iwe unogona kunge wakanangisa kurapwa pamwe nekuvhiya, chemotherapy, kana radiation radiation.

Iwe unogona kurerutsa kushushikana kwehurwere nekubatana nekoloni kenza rutsigiro boka. Kugovana nevamwe vane zvakajairika zviitiko uye matambudziko zvinogona kukubatsira kuti usazonzwa kusurukirwa.

Muzviitiko zvakawanda, gomarara rekoloni rinorapika kana rikabatwa kare.

Unoita zvakanaka sei zvinoenderana nezvinhu zvakawanda, kunyanya danho rekenza. Kana varapwa padanho rekutanga, vanhu vazhinji vanorarama makore mashanu apfuura mushure mekuongororwa. Iyi inonzi makore mashanu ekupona.

Kana gomarara rekoloni rikasadzoka (recur) mukati memakore mashanu, rinoonekwa sekurapwa. Masitepisi I, II, uye III kanzura dzinofungidzirwa kuti dzinogona kurapwa. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, kenza yechikamu IV haionekwe seinorapika, kunyangwe paine zvisizvo.

Zvinetso zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Kuvharirwa kwekoloni, zvichikonzera kutenderera kwematumbo
• Kenza inodzoka mukoloni
• Kenza inopararira kune dzimwe nhengo kana zvinyama (metastasis)
• Kubudirira kwechipiri chepakutanga colorectal cancer

Fonera wako mupi wezvehutano kana iwe uine:

• Nhema, tara-senge zvituru
• Ropa panguva yekufamba ura
• Chinja muhunhu tsika
• Kusanzwisisika kuonda

Kenza yekoloni inogona kunge ingangove inobatwa necolonoscopy mumatanho ayo ekutanga uye anorapa. Vanenge vese varume nevakadzi vane makore makumi mashanu zvichikwira vanofanirwa kuve nekenza yekoloni kuongororwa. Vanhu vari panjodzi yakakura vangangoda kuongororwa kwekutanga.

Kuongorora gomarara rekoloni kunogona kuwana polyps vasati vaita cancer. Kubvisa idzi polyps kunogona kudzivirira cancer yekoloni.

Kuchinja chikafu chako uye mararamiro akakosha. Kutsvaga kwekurapa kunoratidza kuti yakaderera-mafuta uye yakakwira-fiber zvikafu zvinogona kubatsira kudzikisa njodzi yako yekenza yekoloni.

Kenza yakajeka; Kenza - colon; Kenza chaiyo; Kenza - rectum; Adenocarcinoma - colon; Colon - adenocarcinoma; Colon carcinoma

• Abdominal radiation - kubuda
• Bland kudya
• Kuchinja homwe yako yeostomy
• Chemotherapy - chii chekubvunza chiremba wako
• Ileostomy nemwana wako
• Ileostomy uye kudya kwako
• Ileostomy - kutarisira stoma yako
• Ileostomy - kuchinja homwe yako
• Ileostomy - kubuda
• Ileostomy - chii chekubvunza chiremba wako
• Yakakura ura resection - kubuda
• Kugara neileostomy yako
• Pelvic radiation - kubuda
• Radiation Therapy - mibvunzo yekubvunza chiremba wako
• Diki ura resection - kubuda
• Yese colectomy kana proctocolectomy - kubuda
• Mhando dze ileostomy

• Barium enema
• Colonoscopy
• Kugaya chirongwa
• Kenza chaiyo - x-ray
• Sigmoid colon cancer - x-ray
• Spleen metastasis - CT scan
• Maumbirwo ekoloni
• Matanho ekenza
• Colon tsika
• Gomarara rekoloni - Series
• Colostomy - Series
• Yakakura ura resection - Series
• Hura ura (colon)

Garber JJ, Chung DC. Colonic polyps uye polyposis syndromes. Muna: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, eds. Sleisenger uye Fordtran's Gastrointestinal uye Chirwere Chiropa. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: chitsiko 126.

Mutongi M, Johnston B, Van Schaeybroeck S, et al. Kenza yakajeka. Mune: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, eds. Abeloff's Clinical Oncology. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chits. 74.

National Cancer Institute. Colorectal Cancer Kudzivirira (PDQ) - Hutano Professional Shanduro. www.cancer.gov/types/colorectal/hp/colorectal-prevention-pdq. Yakagadziridzwa Feb 28, 2020. Yakasvika June 9, 2020.

National Yakakwana Cancer Network. NCCN Clinical Practice Nongedzo muOncology. Colorectal cancer kuongorora. Shanduro 2.2020. www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/colorectal_screening.pdf. Yakagadziridzwa June 8, 2020. Yakasvika June 9, 2020.

Qaseem A, Crandall CJ, Mustafa RA, Hicks LA, Unoda TJ; Clinical Guidelines Committee yeAmerican College yeVanachiremba. Kuongorora kenza yakajeka mune asymptomatic avhareji- panjodzi vakuru: chirevo chekutungamira kubva kuAmerican College yeVarapi. Ann Mukati Med. 2019; 171 (9): 643-654. PMID: 31683290 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31683290.

Rex DK, Boland CR, Dominitz JA, et al. Kuongorora kenza yakajeka: kurudziro yevanachiremba nevarwere vanobva kuU.S. Multi-Society Task Force paColorectal Cancer. Ndiri J Gastroenterol. 2017; 112 (7): 1016-1030. PMID: 28555630 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28555630.