Graves chirwere

Graves chirwere chirwere che autoimmune chinotungamira kune yakanyanyisa gland gland (hyperthyroidism). Dambudziko rekuzvimiririra mamiriro ezvinhu rinoitika kana immune system ikarwisa zvisizvo zvine hutano.

Iyo thyroid gland inhengo yakakosha yeiyo endocrine system. Iyo gland iri kumberi kwemutsipa kumusoro uko kunosangana nemakoroni. Iyi gland inoburitsa mahormone thyroxine (T4) uye triiodothyronine (T3), ayo anodzora metabolism yemuviri. Kudzora metabolism kwakakosha kudzora manzwiro, huremu, uye masimba epfungwa nemuviri.

Kana muviri ukaita zvakawandisa hutachiona hutachiona, mamiriro acho anonzi hyperthyroidism. (Utachiona husinga shande hunotungamira ku hypothyroidism.)

Graves chirwere ndicho chinonyanya kukonzera hyperthyroidism. Izvo zvinokonzerwa neasina kujairika immune system mhinduro iyo inokonzeresa kuti utachiona gland ibudise yakawandisa thyroid thyroid. Graves chirwere chinowanzoitika kune vakadzi vanopfuura makore makumi maviri. Asi kusagadzikana kunogona kuitika chero zera uye kunogona kukanganisa varume futi.

Vechidiki vanhu vanogona kuve nezviratidzo izvi:

• Kuzvidya mwoyo kana kutya, pamwe nematambudziko ekurara
• Kuwedzera kwemazamu muvarume (zvinogoneka)
• Dambudziko rekutarisa
• Kuneta
• Kakawanda ura kufamba
• Bvudzi kurasikirwa
• Kupisa kusagadzikana uye kuwedzera kudikitira
• Kuwedzera kudya, kunyangwe uine huremu hwekurema
• Nguva yekuenda kumwedzi zvisina kujairika muvakadzi
• Tsvina kushaya simba kwehudyu nemapfudzi
• Hunhu, kusanganisira kushatirwa uye kutsamwa
• Palpitations (kunzwa kwekurova kwakasimba kana kusingajairika kwemoyo)
  
• Inokurumidza kana isina kujairika kurova kwemoyo
• Kupfupika kwemweya nekuita
• Kudengenyeka (kudedera kwemaoko)

Vanhu vazhinji vane Graves chirwere vane matambudziko nemeso avo:

• Maziso eziso angaite kunge ari kubuda panze uye anogona kunge achirwadza.
• Maziso anogona kunzwa kutsamwiswa, kuvaviwa kana kubvaruka kazhinji.
• Kuona kaviri kunogona kuvapo.
• Kupera kwekuona uye kukuvara kune iyo cornea kunogona zvakare kuitika mune zvakakomba zviitiko.

Vakwegura vanogona kuve nezviratidzo izvi:

• Inokurumidza kana isina kujairika kurova kwemoyo
• Kurwadziwa pachifuva
• Kurangarira kwekurangarira kana kudzikira kwekutenderedza
• Kushaya simba nekuneta

Mubatsiri wezvehutano anozoongorora panyama uye anogona kuona kuti une huwandu hwekuwedzera kwemoyo. Kuongororwa kwemutsipa wako kunogona kuona kuti yako yegland gland yakawedzerwa (goiter).

Mimwe bvunzo inosanganisira:

• Ropa bvunzo kuyera nhanho dzeTSH, T3, uye yemahara T4
• Radioactive iodine inotora uye tarisa

Chirwere ichi chinogona zvakare kukanganisa zvinotevera bvunzo.

• Orbit CT scan kana ultrasound
• Utachiona hunokurudzira immunoglobulin (TSI)
• Utachiona peroxidase (TPO) antibody
• Anti-TSH receptor antibody (TRAb)

Kurapa kunoitirwa kudzora yako yakanyanyisa kushanda thyroid. Mishonga inonzi beta-blockers inowanzo shandiswa kurapa zviratidzo zvekukurumidza kwemoyo, kutuka, uye kushushikana kusvikira iyo hyperthyroidism yadzorwa.

Hyperthyroidism inorapwa nechero chimwe kana zvimwe zvinotevera:

• Mishonga yeAntithyroid inogona kuvhara kana kushandura mashandisiro anoita gland yegland. Izvi zvinogona kushandiswa kudzora yakanyanyisa utachiona gland usati wavhiyiwa kana radioiodine kurapa kana sekurapwa kwenguva refu.
• Radioiodine therapy mune iyo radioactive ayodini inopihwa nemuromo. Iyo inozotarisa mune yakanyanyisa hutachiona matissue uye inokonzeresa kukuvara.
• Kuvhiya kunogona kuitwa kubvisa utachiona.

Kana iwe uine radioactive ayodini kurapwa kana kuvhiyiwa, iwe uchafanirwa kutora kutsiva kwehormone mahormone kwehupenyu hwako hwese. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti kurapwa uku kunoparadza kana kubvisa gland.

KURAPWA KWEMAZISO

Mamwe ematambudziko emaziso ane chekuita nechirwere cheGraves anowanzoita nani mushure mekurapwa nemishonga, radiation, kana kuvhiyiwa kurapa iyo yakanyanyisa kushanda utachiona. Radioiodine therapy dzimwe nguva inogona kuita kuti matambudziko emaziso awedzere. Matambudziko eziso akaipisisa muvanhu vanosvuta, kunyangwe mushure mekurapwa kwehyperthyroidism.

Dzimwe nguva, prednisone (steroid mishonga inodzvinyirira immune system) inodiwa kudzora kutsamwa kwemaziso uye kuzvimba.

Ungangoda tepi maziso ako akavharwa husiku kudzivirira kuoma. Magirazi ezuva uye madonhwe eziso anogona kudzora kutsamwa kwemaziso. Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitika, kuvhiyiwa kana kurapwa nemwaranzi (zvakasiyana neayadhiine ine radioactive) kunogona kudikanwa kudzivirira kumwe kukuvara kweziso uye kurasikirwa kwemaonero.

Graves chirwere chinowanzopindura zvakanaka pakurapwa. Kuvhiyiwa kweiyo Thyroid kana radioactive iodine kazhinji inokonzeresa isingashande thyroid (hypothyroidism). Pasina kuwana iyo chaiyo dosi yeiyo thyroid hormone kutsiva, hypothyroidism inogona kutungamira ku:

• Kushungurudzika
• Kuneta kwepfungwa uye kwemuviri
• Kurera huremu
• Ganda rakaoma
• Kuzvimbirwa
• Kusashivirira kutonhora
• Nguva dzisina kujairika dzekuenda kumwedzi muvakadzi

Fonera mupiki wako kana iwe uine zviratidzo zveGraves chirwere. Zvakare fona kana matambudziko eziso rako kana zvimwe zviratidzo zvichitowedzera kana kusavandudza nemushonga.

Enda kuimba yekukurumidzira kana kufonera iyo yemuno emergency emergency (se911) kana uine zviratidzo zvehyperthyroidism ne:

• Kupera mukuziva
• Kupindwa nechando
• Inokurumidza, isina kujairika kurova kwemoyo
• Kamwe kamwe kufema kwekufema

Diffuse thyrotoxic goiter; Hyperthyroidism - Makuva; Thyrotoxicosis - Makuva; Exophthalmos - Makuva; Ophthalmopathy - Makuva; Exophthalmia - Makuva; Exorbitism - Makuva

• Endocrine masero
• Kuwedzera kwehutachiona - scintiscan
• Graves chirwere
• Gland yeganda

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Jonklaas J, Cooper DS. Utachiona. Mune: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Mushonga. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chitsiko 213.

Marcdante KJ, Kleigman RM. Utachiona chirwere. Mune: Marcdante KJ, Kliegman RM, eds. Nelson Zvakakosha zvePediatrics. 8th ed. Elsevier; 2019: chits. 175.

Marino M, Vitti P, Chiovato L. Chirwere chemakuva. Muna: Jameson JL, De Groot LJ, de Kretser DM, et al, eds. Endocrinology: Vakuru uye Chiremba. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chits. 82.

Ross DS, Burch HB, Cooper DS, uye al. 2016 American Thyroid Association mirayiridzo yekuongororwa uye manejimendi yehypythyroidism uye zvimwe zvikonzero zve thyrotoxicosis. Utachiona. 2016; 26 (10): 1343-1421. PMID: 27521067 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27521067/.