Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis (OA) ndiyo yakajairika kusangana kusagadzikana. Izvo zvinokonzerwa nekukwegura uye kusakara uye kubvarura pane mubatanidzwa.
Cartilage ndiyo yakasimba, yerubhu minyama inosunga mapfupa ako pazvibatanidzwa. Iyo inobvumira mapfupa kuti afambe pamusoro peumwe. Kana shwashwa ichipwanyika uye kusakara, mapfupa anokwesha pamwechete. Izvi zvinowanzo kukonzera kurwadziwa, kuzvimba, uye kuomarara kweOA.
Sezvo OA inowedzera, bony rinobuda kana pfupa rakawedzera rinogona kuumbika rakatenderedza mubatanidzwa. Mijuru nemhasuru zvakakomberedza mubatanidzwa zvinogona kushomeka uye kuomarara.
Asati ave nemakore makumi mashanu nemashanu, OA inoitika zvakaenzana muvarume nevakadzi. Mushure memakore makumi mashanu nemashanu, zvinowanzoitika kune vakadzi.
Zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona zvakare kutungamira kuOA.
- OA inowanzo mhanya mumhuri.
- Kuwedzeredza kunowedzera njodzi yeOA muhudyu, mabvi, ankle, uye tsoka tsoka. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti huremu hwekuwedzera hunokonzera kusakara uye kubvaruka.
- Kutsemuka kana kumwe kukuvara kwekubatana kunogona kutungamira kuOA gare gare muhupenyu. Izvi zvinosanganisira kukuvara kune shwashwa uye mitsipa mumajoini ako.
- Mabasa anosanganisira kupfugama kana kutsikitsira kweinopfuura awa pazuva, kana kusanganisira kusimudza, kukwira masitepisi, kana kufamba zvinowedzera njodzi yeOA.
- Kutamba mitambo inosanganisira kukanganisa kwakanangana nekubatana (nhabvu), kumonyanisa (basketball kana nhabvu), kana kukanda kunowedzerawo njodzi kuOA.
Mamiriro ekurapa anogona kutungamira kuOA kana zviratidzo zvakafanana neOA zvinosanganisira:
- Dambudziko rekubuda ropa iro rinokonzera kubuda ropa mubatanidzwa, senge hemophilia
- Kukanganisika kunovhara kupihwa kweropa padyo nekubatana uye kunotungamira kurufu rwefupa (avascular necrosis)
- Mamwe marudzi eArthritis, akadai serefu-kwenguva (asingagumi) gout, pseudogout, kana rheumatoid arthritis
Zviratidzo zveOA zvinowanzoonekwa pazera repakati. Anenge munhu wese ane zvimwe zviratidzo zveOA pazera makumi manomwe.
Marwadzo uye kuomarara mumajoini ndizvo zviratidzo zvakajairika. Iwo marwadzo anowanzo kuve akaipa:
- Mushure mekurovedza muviri
- Paunoisa uremu kana kumanikidza pajoini
- Paunoshandisa mubatanidzwa
NeOA, majoini ako anogona kuomarara uye kuoma kufamba nekufamba kwenguva. Iwe unogona kuona kukwiza, grating, kana kurira ruzha kana iwe uchifambisa mubatanidzwa.
"Kuomarara kwemangwanani" kunoreva kurwadziwa uye kuomarara kwaunonzwa paunotanga kumuka mangwanani. Kuomarara nekuda kweOA kunowanzo gara kwemaminetsi makumi matatu kana mashoma. Inogona kugara anopfuura maminetsi makumi matatu kana paine kuzvimba mujoini. Kazhinji inovandudza mushure mezviitiko, ichibvumira mubatanidzwa kuti "udziye."
Pakati pezuva, kurwadziwa kunogona kuwedzera kana iwe uchinge uchishanda uye uchinzwa zvirinani kana uchizorora. Sezvo OA painowedzera kuipa, unogona kurwadziwa kana uchizorora. Uye zvinogona kukumutsa usiku.
Vamwe vanhu vanogona kunge vasina zviratidzo, kunyangwe x-rays inoratidza shanduko yemuviri weOA.
Anopa hutano anozokuongorora obvunza nezve zviratidzo zvako. Bvunzo dzinogona kuratidza:
- Joint kufamba kunokonzera kutsemuka (grating) kurira, kunzi crepitation
- Kuzvimba kwakabatana (mapfupa akatenderedza majoini anogona kunzwa kunge akakura kupfuura akajairwa
- Yakatemerwa renji yekufamba
- Unyoro apo mubatanidzwa unodzvanywa
- Kufamba kwakajairika kunowanzo kurwadza
Kuongororwa kweropa hakubatsire pakuongorora OA. Inogona kushandiswa kutsvaga mamwe mamiriro, senge rheumatoid arthritis kana gout.
X-ray inogona kuratidza:
- Kurasikirwa kwenzvimbo yekubatana
- Kupfeka pasi kwenzvimbo dzepfupa
- Bone rinobuda
- Bony inoshanduka padhuze nejoinhi, inonzi subchondral cysts
OA haigone kurapwa, asi zviratidzo zveOA zvinogona kudzorwa. OA inogona kuzonyanya kuwedzera nekufamba kwenguva asi kumhanya kunoitika izvi kunosiyana pamunhu nemunhu.
Unogona kuvhiyiwa, asi mamwe marapirwo anogona kusimudzira marwadzo ako uye kuita kuti hupenyu hwako huve nani. Kunyangwe aya marapirwo asingakwanise kuti OA iende, anogona kazhinji kunonoka kuvhiyiwa kana kuita kuti zviratidzo zvako zvinyoro zvakakwana kuti zvisakonzere matambudziko akakura.
MISHONGA
Over-the-counter (OTC) kurwadziwa kunodzora, senge acetaminophen (Tylenol) kana nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) inogona kubatsira nezviratidzo zveOA. Unogona kutenga mishonga iyi pasina mushonga.
Zvinokurudzirwa kuti usatore anopfuura magiramu matatu (3,000 mg) yeacetaminophen pazuva. Kana iwe uine chirwere chechiropa, taura nemupi wako usati watora acetaminophen. OTC NSAIDs dzinosanganisira aspirin, ibuprofen, uye naproxen. Mamwe maNSAID mazhinji anowanikwa nemushonga. Taura nemupi wako usati watora NSAID nguva dzose.
Duloxetine (Cymbalta) mushonga unonyorwa unogona kubatsira kurapa kurwadziwa kwenguva refu (kusingaperi) kune hukama neOA.
Majekiseni emishonga yesteroid anowanzo kupa yakakosha kupfupi kune yepakati-tema kubatsirwa kubva pakurwadziwa kweOA.
Zvekuwedzera zvaunogona kushandisa zvinosanganisira:
- Mapiritsi, akadai seglucosamine uye chondroitin sulfate
- Capsaicin ganda cream yekudzora marwadzo
UPENYU HUCHINJA
Kugara uchishingairira uye kurovedza muviri kunogona kuchengetedza kubatana pamwe nekufamba kwese. Kumbira mupiki wako kuti akurudzire maitiro ekurovedza muviri kana kukuendesa kune chiremba wepanyama. Maekisesaizi emvura, akadai sekushambira, anowanzo batsira.
Mamwe matipi ehupenyu anosanganisira:
- Kuisa kupisa kana kutonhora kujoini
- Kudya chikafu chine hutano
- Kuzorora zvakakwana
- Kuderedza uremu kana iwe uri kufuta
- Kuchengetedza majoini ako kubva mukukuvara
Kana marwadzo anobva kuOA achiramba achiwedzera, kufambirana nezvinoitika kunogona kuzooma kana kurwadza. Kuita shanduko kutenderedza imba kunogona kubatsira kubvisa kushushikana pamajoini ako kuti ubvise mamwe marwadzo. Kana basa rako richikonzera kushushikana mune mamwe majoini, ungangoda kugadzirisa yako nzvimbo yebasa kana kuchinja mabasa ebasa.
CHIRAPO CHENYAMA
Kurapa kwepanyama kunogona kubatsira kusimudzira masimba etsandanyama uye kufambisa kwemajoini akaomarara pamwe chete nebharanzi yako. Kana kurapwa kusingaite kuti unzwe zvirinani mushure memasvondo matanhatu kusvika gumi nemaviri, ipapo zvingangodaro zvisingabatsire.
Massage kurapa inogona kupa pfupi-kwenguva kurwadziwa kwekurwadziwa, asi haichinje iyo yepasi OA maitiro. Ita shuwa kuti iwe unoshanda neane marezinesi ekurapa murapi uyo ane ruzivo mukushanda pane akaomesesa majoini.
MISORO
Splints uye brace zvinogona kubatsira kutsigira zvisina kusimba majoini. Mimwe mhando inogumira kana kudzivirira kubatana kusatama. Vamwe vanogona kubvisa kumanikidza kubva pachikamu chimwe chete chejoini. Shandisa chibooreso chete kana chiremba wako kana chiremba achirumbidza imwe. Kushandisa chibooreso nenzira isiri iyo kunogona kukonzera kubatana kukuvara, kuomarara, uye kurwadziwa.
KUMASHURE MBERI
Acupuncture itsika yechiChina kurapwa. Izvo zvinofungidzirwa kuti kana tsono yekugadzirisa muviri inomutsa mamwe mapoinzi pamuviri, makemikari anovharira marwadzo anosunungurwa. Kugadziriswa kunogona kupa zororo rakakura reOR.
Yoga uye Tai chi vakaratidzawo bhenefiti yakakosha pakurapa marwadzo kubva kuOA.
S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe, inonzi "Sammy") chimiro chemunhu chemakemikari echisikigo mumuviri. Zvinogona kubatsira kudzikisa kubatana kuzvimba uye kurwadziwa.
Kuvhiya
Zviitiko zvakakomba zveOA zvingangoda kuvhiyiwa kutsiva kana kugadzirisa maronda akakanganisika. Sarudzo dzinosanganisira:
- Arthroscopic kuvhiya kutsemura yakabvaruka uye kukuvara shwashwa
- Kuchinja kuenderana kwepfupa kubvisa kushushikana pane pfupa kana kubatana (osteotomy)
- Kuvhiya fusion yemapfupa, kazhinji mumuzongoza (arthrodesis)
- Yakazara kana yakasarudzika kutsiva yejoinhi yakakuvadzwa neyekubatanidza kwekubatanidza (kutsiva mabvi, kutsiva kwehudyu, kutsiva kwepafudzi, kutsiva makumbo, uye kugadziriswa kwegokora
Masangano anoita hunyanzvi hweArthritis zviwanikwa zvakanaka kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezveOA.
Kufamba kwako kunogona kuve kushoma nekufamba kwenguva. Kuita zviitwa zvezuva nezuva, zvakadai sehutsanana, mabasa epamba, kana kubika zvinogona kuoma. Kurapa kunowanzovandudza basa.
Fonera mupiki wako kana iwe uine zviratidzo zveOA zvinowedzera.
Edza kusanyanyisa kuwanda kwekubatana kunorwadza kubasa kana panguva yezviitiko. Chengetedza uremu hwemuviri. Chengetedza mhasuru dzakakomberedza majoini ako akasimba, kunyanya majoini anorema (mabvi, hudyu, kana gumbo).
Hypertrophic osteoarthritis; Osteoarthrosis; Chirwere chinoputika chekubatana; DJD; OA; Arthritis - osteoarthritis
- ACL yekuvakazve - kubuda
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- Hip kutsiva - kubuda
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- Uchishandisa bendekete rako mushure mekuvhiyiwa
- Uchishandisa fudzi rako mushure mekuvhiyiwa
- Osteoarthritis
- Osteoarthritis
Kolasinski SL, Neogi T, Hochberg MC, et al. 2019 American College yeRheumatology / Arthritis Foundation Guideline yeManagement yeOsteoarthritis yeruoko, chiuno, uye ibvi. Arthritis Kuchengeta Res (Hoboken). 2020; 72 (2): 149-162. PMID: 31908149 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31908149/.
Kraus VB, Vincent TL. Osteoarthritis. Mune: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Mushonga. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chitsama 246.
Misra D, Kumar D, Neogi T. Kurapa kweosteoarthritis. Mune: Firestein GS, Budd RC, Gabriel SE, Koretzky GA, McInnes IB, O'Dell JR, eds. Firestein & Kelly's Bhuku reRheumatology. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: chits. 106.