Kuberekwa kwepabonde

Mageneti ndiko kudzidza kuberekwa, iko kuita kwemubereki kupfuudza mamwe majeni kuvana vavo.

• Chitarisiko chemunhu, chakadai sehurefu, bvudzi bvudzi, ruvara rweganda, uye ruvara rwemaziso, zvinotsanangurwa nemajini.
• Kuremara kwekuzvarwa uye zvimwe zvirwere zvinowanzo sarudzwa nemajini.

Prenatal genetic kuraira ndiyo nzira iyo vabereki vanogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve:

• Zvingangoita sei kuti mwana wavo angave aine chirwere chemagene
• Ndeapi miedzo anokwanisa kutarisa kusakwana kwemajini kana kusagadzikana
• Kufunga kana iwe ungade kuve neyako bvunzo

Vakaroorana vanoda kuve nemwana vanogona kuongororwa vasati vabata pamuviri. Vanopa hutano vanogona zvakare kuyedza fetus (mwana asati aberekwa) kuti vaone kana mwana achinge aine chirwere chemagene, senge cystic fibrosis kana Down syndrome.

Zviri kwauri iwe kana kuti kusave nepamuviri majeri kuraira uye kuyedzwa. Unozoda kufunga nezve zvaunoshuvira, zvaunotenda, uye mamiriro emhuri.

Vamwe vanhu vane njodzi huru kupfuura vamwe yekupfuudza kusagadzikana kwemajini kuvana vavo. Vari:

• Vanhu vane nhengo dzemhuri kana vana vane majini kana akaremara ekuberekwa.
• MaJuda vanobva kumabvazuva kweEuropean. Vanogona kuve nenjodzi huru yekuve nevacheche vane Tay-Sachs kana chirwere cheCanavan.
• VaAfrica vekuAmerican, vanogona kuisa njodzi kuendesa jeko-cell anemia (chirwere cheropa) kuvana vavo.
• Vanhu vekumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweAsia kana kuMediterranean, vari panjodzi huru yekuve nevana vane thalassemia, chirwere cheropa.
• Vakadzi vakafumurwa nehupfu (chepfu) hunogona kukonzeresa hurema.
• Vakadzi vane dambudziko rehutano, senge chirwere cheshuga, icho chinogona kukanganisa chibereko chavo.
• Vakaroorana vanga vaine mamwe matatu ekuparara (fetus inofa pasati pasvika vhiki makumi maviri dzekuzvitakura).

Kuedzwa kunokurudzirwawo kune:

• Vakadzi vane makore anodarika makumi matatu nemashanu, kunyangwe kuongorora magene ikozvino kuchikurudzirwa kune vakadzi veese mazera.
• Vakadzi vakave nemhedzisiro isina kujairika pakuongororwa kwepamuviri, senge alpha-fetoprotein (AFP).
• Vakadzi vane fetus inoratidza zvisina kujairika mhedzisiro pakubata ultrasound.

Taura nezve genetic kuraira nemupi wako uye nemhuri yako. Bvunza mibvunzo iwe yaungave unayo nezve iyo bvunzo uye kuti izvo zvabuda zvinorevei kwauri.

Ramba uchifunga kuti zviyero zvechibereko zvinoitwa usati wabata nhumbu (kubata) zvinogona kazhinji kungokuudza iwe mikana yekuva nemwana ane hurema hwekuzvarwa. Semuenzaniso, unogona kudzidza kuti iwe nemumwe wako mune mukana mumwe chete muzvina wekuve nemwana ane chimwe chirwere kana hurema.

Kana iwe ukafunga kubata pamuviri, iwe uchazoda mimwe bvunzo kuti uone kana mwana wako achizove necharema kana kwete.

Kune avo vanogona kunge vari panjodzi, mhedzisiro yekuedzwa inogona kubatsira kupindura mibvunzo yakadai se:

• Iko mikana yekuve nemwana ane hurema hwekuremara yakakwira zvekuti tinofanirwa kutarisa dzimwe nzira dzekutanga mhuri?
• Kana iwe uine mwana ane chirwere chemagene, pane kurapwa here kana kuvhiyiwa kunogona kubatsira mwana?
• Isu tinozvigadzirira sei isu mukana isu tingave nemwana ane dambudziko regene? Kune makirasi here kana mapoka ekutsigira echirwere ichi? Kune varipo here vanopa padyo vanobata vana vane chirwere?
• Tinofanira kuenderera nepamuviri here? Matambudziko emwana akakomba here zvekuti tinogona kusarudza kupedza nhumbu?

Iwe unogona kugadzirira nekutsvaga kana paine chero matambudziko ekurapa seaya anomhanya mumhuri yako:

• Matambudziko ekukura kwevana
• Misikanzwa
• Kuberekwa
• Zvirwere zvakakura zvehudiki

Matanho epamuviri pabonde asati aberekwa anosanganisira:

• Iwe unozadza yakadzama fomu nhoroondo yemhuri uye utaure nemupi wezano nezvematambudziko ehutano anomhanya mumhuri yako.
• Iwe unogona zvakare kuwana kuongororwa kweropa kutarisa ma chromosomes ako kana mamwe magene.
• Nhoroondo yemhuri yako uye bvunzo zvabuda zvinobatsira mupi wezano kutarisa kutadza kwemajini kwaungapfuudza kuvana vako.

Kana ukasarudza kuongororwa mushure mokunge wava nepamuviri, miedzo inogona kuitwa panguva yekuzvitakura (kungave kuna amai kana fetus) inosanganisira:

• Amniocentesis, umo mvura inozobviswa kubva muamniotic sac (mvura inokomberedza mwana).
• Chorionic villus sampling (CVS), iyo inotora sampuro yemasero kubva kune iyo placenta.
• Percutaneous umbilical ropa sampling (PUBS), inoedza ropa kubva kuumbilical cord (tambo inobatanidza amai nemwana).
• Noninvasive prenatal screening, iyo inotaridzika muropa raamai reDNA kubva kumucheche iyo inogona kunge iine yakawedzera kana isipo chromosome.

Iyi bvunzo ine dzimwe njodzi. Zvinogona kukonzera hutachiona, kukuvadza fetus, kana kukonzera kusununguka. Kana iwe uchinetseka nezve njodzi idzi, taura nemupi wako.

Icho chinangwa chekuberekwa kwepamuviri kuraira ndechekungobatsira vabereki kuita sarudzo dzakadzama. A chipangamazano anobatsira iwe kuona kuti ungashandisa sei ruzivo rwaunowana kubva pabvunzo dzako. Kana iwe uri panjodzi, kana kana iwe ukaona kuti mwana wako ane chirwere, chipangamazano wako uye mupi achataura newe nezvesarudzo uye zviwanikwa. Asi sarudzo ndidzo dzako dzaunofanira kuita.

• Genetic counselling uye prenatal kuongororwa

Hobel CJ, Williams J. Antepartum kuchengetedza: kufungidzira uye kutarisira kwepamuviri, kuongororwa kwemajini uye teratology, uye kuongororwa kwehutachiona hwepamuviri. Mune: Hacker NF, Gambone JC, Hobel CJ, eds. Hacker & Moore's Zvakakosha zveObstetrics uye Gynecology. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chits.

Nussbaum RL, McInnes RR, Willard HF. Prenatal kuongororwa uye kuongororwa. Mune: Nussbaum RL, McInnes RR, Willard HF, eds. Thompson & Thompson Genetics muMushonga. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chits. 17.

Wapner RJ, Duggoff L. Kuzvarwa kwepabonde uye kusagadzikana kwepamuviri. Mu: Resnik R, Lockwood CJ, Moore TR, Greene MF, Copel JA, Sirivha RM, eds. Creasy uye Resnik's Maternal-Fetal Mushonga: Misimboti uye Dzidzira. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chitsuwa 32.

• Genetic Counselling