Melanoma yeziso

Melanoma yeziso igomarara rinoitika munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzeziso.

Melanoma rudzi rune hukasha hwekenza iyo inogona kupararira nekukurumidza. Kazhinji rudzi rwegomarara reganda.

Melanoma yeziso inogona kukanganisa zvikamu zvakawanda zveziso, kusanganisira iyo:

• Choroid
• Ciliary muviri
• Conjunctiva
• Eyelid
• Iris
• Orbit

Iyo choroid layer ndiyo ingangoita saiti yemelanoma muziso. Uku ndiko kutsemuka kwemitsipa yeropa uye mitezo inobatanidza pakati pemuchena weziso uye retina (kumashure kweziso).

Gomarara rinogona kunge riri muziso chete. Kana, inogona kupararira (metastasize) kune imwe nzvimbo mumuviri, kazhinji chiropa. Melanoma inogona zvakare kutanga paganda kana dzimwe nhengo mumuviri uye inopararira kuziso.

Melanoma ndiyo yakajairika mhando yemaziso eziso muvanhu vakuru. Kunyangwe zvakadaro, melanoma inotanga muziso haiwanzoitika.

Kunyanya kujekeswa nezuva kune yakakosha njodzi njodzi yemelanoma. Vanhu vane ganda rakatsetseka uye maziso ebhuruu vanonyanya kukanganiswa.

Zviratidzo zve melanoma yeziso zvinogona kusanganisira chero yeanotevera:

• Maziso anoputika
• Chinja muiri iris
• Kusaona zvakanaka mune rimwe ziso
• Dzvuku, ziso rinorwadza
• Diki kuremara pane iris kana conjunctiva

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, panogona kunge pasina zviratidzo.

Kuongororwa kwemaziso ne ophthalmoscope kunogona kuburitsa bundu rimwe rakatenderera kana denderedzwa (tumota) muziso.

Miedzo inogona kurairwa inosanganisira:

• Brain CT kana MRI scan kuti utarise kupararira (metastasis) kuuropi
• Ziso ultrasound
• Ganda biopsy kana paine nzvimbo yakakanganiswa paganda

Madiki maranoma anogona kurapwa ne:

• Kuvhiya
• Laser
• Radiation kurapa (senge Gamma Knife, CyberKnife, brachytherapy)

Kuvhiya kubvisa ziso (enucleation) kunogona kudikanwa.

Mimwe mishonga inogona kushandiswa inosanganisira:

• Chemotherapy, kana gomarara rapararira kupfuura ziso
• Immunotherapy, iyo inoshandisa mishonga kubatsira immune system yako kurwisa melanoma

Unogona kudzikisira kushushikana kwehurwere nekujoinha boka rekutsigira gomarara. Kugovana nevamwe vane zvakajairika zviitiko uye matambudziko zvinogona kukubatsira kuti usazonzwa kusurukirwa.

Mhedzisiro ye melanoma yeziso inoenderana nehukuru hwecancer kana ichionekwa. Vanhu vazhinji vanorarama makore mashanu kubva panguva yekuongororwa kana gomarara risina kupararira kunze kweziso.

Kana kenza yapararira kunze kweziso, mukana wekupona kwenguva refu wakadzikira.

Matambudziko anogona kukura nekuda kwemelanoma yeziso anosanganisira:

• Kukanganisa kana kurasikirwa kwemaonero
• Retinal boka
• Kupararira kwebundu kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzomuviri

Dana musangano kuti uwane musangano wako wehutano kana iwe uine zviratidzo zvemelanoma yeziso.

Nzira yakakosha yekudzivirira melanoma yeziso ndeyekudzivirira maziso kubva kuchiedza chezuva, kunyanya pakati pegumi kusvika na2 dzemasikati, apo mwaranzi yezuva yakanyanyisa. Pfeka magirazi ezuva ane ultraviolet kudzivirira.

Kuongororwa kweziso kwegore kuno kurudzirwa.

Malignant melanoma - choroid; Malignant melanoma - ziso; Bundu remaziso; Ocular melanoma

• Retina

Augsburger JJ, Correa ZM, Berry JL. Malignant intraocular neoplasms. Mune: Yanoff M, Duker JS, eds. Ophthalmology. 5 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chits.

National Cancer Institute webhusaiti. Intraocular (uveal) kurapwa kwemelanoma (PDQ) - hutano nyanzvi vhezheni. www.cancer.gov/types/eye/hp/intraocular-melanoma-treatment-pdq. Yakagadziridzwa Kurume 24, 2019. Yakasvika Nyamavhuvhu 2, 2019.

Seddon JM, McCannel TA. Epidemiology yepashure uveal melanoma. Mu: Schachat AP, Sadda SVR, Hinton DR, Wilkinson CP, Wiedemann P, eds. Retina yaRyan. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chitsiko 143.

Nhovo CL, Shields JA. Mhedziso yekutungamira kwepashure uveal melanoma. Mu: Schachat AP, Sadda SVR, Hinton DR, Wilkinson CP, Wiedemann P, eds. Retina yaRyan. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chits. 147.