Kushaya mbereko

Kushaya mbereko zvinoreva kuti haugone kubata nhumbu.

Kune maviri marudzi ekushaya mbereko:

• Kunyanya kushaya mbereko kunoreva kune vakaroora vasina kubata pamuviri mushure megore rimwe chete vachiita bonde vasina kushandisa nzira dzekudzivirira kuberekwa.
• Secondary kushaya mbereko inoreva nezvevakaroorana vakakwanisa kubata pamuviri kamwe chete, asi izvozvi havachakwanise.

Zvakawanda zvemuviri nezvepfungwa zvinogona kukonzera kushaya mbereko. Zvinogona kunge zvichikonzerwa nematambudziko ari mumukadzi, murume, kana zvese zviri zviviri.

KUSABATSIRA MUDZIMAI

Kusabereka kwevakadzi kunogona kuitika kana:

• Zai rakauchikwa kana kuti "embryo" hazvirarame kana zvabatirira pamucheto wechibereko (chibereko).
• Izai rakaiswa mbeu harinamati pamucheto wechibereko.
• Mazai acho haakwanise kufamba kubva mumazai achienda muchibereko.
• Mazai ane matambudziko ekuburitsa mazai.

Kusabereka kwevakadzi kunogona kukonzerwa ne:

• Autoimmune kusagadzikana, senge antiphospholipid syndrome (APS)
• Kuremara kwekuzvarwa kunokanganisa nzira yekubereka
• Gomarara kana bundu
• Kuvhiringidzika kwekuvhara
• Chirwere cheshuga
• Kunwa doro rakawandisa
• Kuita zvakanyanya
• Kunetseka pakudya kana kusadya zvakanaka
• Kukura (senge fibroids kana polyps) muchibereko uye chibereko
• Mishonga yakadai semakemotherapy mishonga
• Hormone kusaenzana
• Kuva wakafuta kana kushaya huremu
• Kukwegura
• Ovarian cysts uye polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
• Utachiona hwepelvic hunokonzeresa kukuvara kana kuzvimba kwe fallopian machubhu (hydrosalpinx) kana chirwere chekuputira chepelvic (PID)
• Kupararira kubva kuhutachiona hwepabonde, kuvhiyiwa mudumbu kana endometriosis
• Kusvuta
• Kuvhiya kudzivirira kubata nhumbu (tubal ligation) kana kutadza kwetubal ligation kudzosera (reanastomosis)
• Utachiona chirwere

KUSABATSIRA MURUME

Kusabereka kwemurume kunogona kunge kuri nekuda kwe:

• Yakadzikira nhamba yehurume
• Kuvharika kunodzivirira urume pakuburitswa
• Kukanganisa mune urume

Kusabereka kwemurume kunogona kukonzerwa ne:

• Kuremara kwekuzvarwa
• Cancer kurapwa, kusanganisira chemotherapy uye radiation
• Kuratidzira kune kwakanyanya kupisa kwenguva yakareba
• Kunwisa doro, mbanje, kana cocaine
• Hormone kusaenzana
• Kushaya simba
• Utachiona
• Mishonga yakadai cimetidine, spironolactone, uye nitrofurantoin
• Kufutisa
• Kukwegura
• Dzorerazve ejaculation
• Kupararira kubva kuzvirwere zvepabonde (STIs), kukuvara, kana kuvhiyiwa
• Kusvuta
• Uturu munharaunda
• Vasectomy kana kukundikana kwevasectomy kudzoserwa
• Nhoroondo yehutachiona hwehutachiona kubva mumamota

Vakaroorana vane hutano vari pasi pemakore makumi matatu vanoita bonde nguva dzese vanozoita mukana wekuti vabate pamuviri mwedzi wega wega.

Mukadzi anobereka zvakanyanya mumakore ake ekutanga makumi maviri. Mukana mukadzi anogona kutora nhumbu madonhwe zvakanyanya mushure memakore makumi matatu nemashanu (uye kunyanya mushure memakore makumi mana). Nguva iyo kubereka kunotanga kudzikira kunosiyana kubva pamukadzi kuenda kumukadzi.

Matambudziko ekushaya mbereko uye nhumbu dzekuparara dzinowedzera zvakanyanya mushure memakore makumi matatu nemashanu ekuberekwa. Ikozvino pane zvingasarudzika zvekutanga kutora mazai uye kuchengetedza kwevakadzi vane makore makumi maviri. Izvi zvinobatsira kuve nechokwadi chekubata pamuviri kana kubereka kuchinonoka kusvika mushure memakore makumi matatu nematatu. Iyi sarudzo inodhura. Zvisinei, vakadzi vanoziva kuti vachada kunonoka kubereka vanogona kuzvifunga.

Kusarudza nguva yekurapwa kushaya mbereko kunoenderana nezera rako. Vanopa hutano vanoti vakadzi vari pasi pemakumi matatu vanoedza kubata nhumbu vega kwegore rimwe vasati vaongororwa.

Vakadzi vanopfuura makumi matatu nemashanu vanofanirwa kuedza kubata pamuviri kwemwedzi mitanhatu. Kana zvikasaitika mukati menguva iyoyo, vanofanirwa kutaura nemupi wavo.

Kuongorora kushaya mbereko kunosanganisira nhoroondo yezvokurapa uye bvunzo dzepanyama kune vese vaviri.

Ropa uye imaging bvunzo zvinonyanya kudikanwa. Mune vakadzi, izvi zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Ropa bvunzo kuti utarise mahormone, kusanganisira progesterone uye follicle inosimudzira mahormone (FSH)
• Kumba weti yekuona ovulation kits
• Kuyerwa kwetembiricha yemuviri mangwanani ega ega kuti uone kana mazai ari kuburitsa mazai
• FSH uye clomid dambudziko bvunzo
• Antimullerian hormone kuyedza (AMH)
• Hysterosalpingography (HSG)
• Pelvic ultrasound
• Laparoscopy
• Utachiona hwebasa

Miedzo muvarume inogona kusanganisira:

• Kuongorora urume
• Bvunzo yemayeso nepenis
• Ultrasound yeanhengo yekubereka (dzimwe nguva yaitwa)
• Ropa bvunzo kutarisa mahormone mazinga
• Testicular biopsy (kashoma kuitwa)

Kurapa kunoenderana nechikonzero chekushaya mbereko. Inogona kusanganisira:

• Dzidzo uye kuraira nezve mamiriro acho
• Kurapa mbereko senge intrauterine insemination (IUI) uye in vitro fertilization (IVF)
• Mishonga yekurapa hutachiona uye kusagadzikana kwekugwamba
• Mishonga inobatsira kukura nekusunungurwa kwemazai kubva mumazai

Vakaroorana vanogona kuwedzera mikana yekuva nepamuviri mwedzi wega wega nekuita bonde kanenge mazuva maviri pamberi uye panguva yekuvhara.

Ovulation inoitika anenge masvondo maviri pamberi pemwedzi wekutevera (nguva) inotevera. Naizvozvo, kana mukadzi akazoenda kumwedzi mazuva ose makumi maviri nemasere vaviri vacho vanofanira kusangana pabonde kanenge mazuva maviri ega ega pakati pegumi negumi nemasere mushure mekunge iye atanga kutevera.

Kuita zvepabonde kusati kwaitika ovulation kunonyanya kubatsira.

• Urume hunogona kugara mukati memuviri wemukadzi kweanenge mazuva maviri.
• Zvakadaro, zai remukadzi rinogona kungoisirwa urume nemurume mukati memaawa gumi nemaviri kusvika makumi maviri nemana mushure mekunge raburitswa.

Vakadzi vari pasi kana kuwandisa huremu vanogona kuwedzera mikana yavo yekuve nepamuviri nekusvika pahutano hwakanaka.

Vanhu vazhinji vanoona zvichibatsira kutora chikamu mumapoka ekutsigira vanhu vane zvinonetsa zvakafanana. Iwe unogona kukumbira mupi wako kuti akurudzire mapoka emunharaunda.

Vazhinji sevashanu muvaroorani vanoonekwa kuti vane kushaya mbereko vanopedzisira vaita nhumbu vasina kurapwa.

Vazhinji vakaroorana vane kushaya mbereko vanoita nhumbu mushure mekurapwa.

Fonera mupiki wako kana iwe usingakwanise kubata nhumbu.

Kudzivirira njovhera, senge gonorrhea uye chlamydia, kunogona kudzora njodzi yako yekushaya mbereko.

Kuchengetedza chikafu chine hutano, huremu, uye mararamiro zvinogona kuwedzera mukana wako wekutora nhumbu uye kuva nepamuviri pacheche.

Kudzivisa kushandiswa kwemafuta panguva yebonde kunogona kubatsira kuvandudza mbeu yemurume.

Kusakwanisa kubata pamuviri; Kutadza kubata pamuviri

• Pelvic laparoscopy
• Mukadzi wekubereka anatomy
• Utano hwemurume hwekubereka
• Kushaya mbereko kwekutanga
• Urume

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Broekmans FJ, Fauser BCJM. Kusabereka kwevakadzi: kuongorora uye manejimendi. Muna: Jameson JL, De Groot LJ, de Kretser DM, et al, eds. Endocrinology: Vakuru uye Chiremba. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chits. 132.

Catherino WH. Yekubereka endocrinology uye kushaya mbereko. Mune: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Mushonga. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chitsiko 223.

Lobo RA. Kusabereka: etiology, ongororo yekuongorora, manejimendi, kufungidzira. Mune: Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, Lentz GM, Valea FA, eds. Yakakwana Gynecology. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: chitsuwa 42.

Dzidzira Komiti yeAmerican Society Yekubereka Mushonga. Kuongorora kuongororwa kwemukadzi asina mbereko: komiti inofunga. Chibereko Steril. 2015; 103 (6): e44-e50. PMID: 25936238 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25936238.

Dzidzira Komiti yeAmerican Society Yekubereka Mushonga. Kuongorora kuongororwa kwemurume asina kubereka: komiti maonero. Chibereko Steril. 2015; 103 (3): e18-e25. PMID: 25597249 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25597249.