Chirwere cheshuga

Chirwere cheshuga chirwere chenguva refu (chisingaperi) umo muviri usingakwanise kudzora huwandu hweshuga muropa.

Insulin ihormone inogadzirwa nepancreas yekudzora shuga yeropa. Chirwere cheshuga chinogona kukonzerwa neshuini yakawandisa, kuramba insulin, kana zvese zviri zviviri.

Kuti unzwisise chirwere cheshuga, zvakakosha kuti utange wanzwisisa maitiro akajairwa chikafu chinoshandiswa nemuviri kuti uwane simba. Zvinhu zvakati wandei zvinoitika kana chikafu chichigadziriswa uye chayamwa:

• Shuga inonzi glucose inopinda muropa. Glucose inopa mafuta muviri.
• Nhengo inonzi pancreas inogadzira insulin. Basa re insulini kufambisa glucose kubva muropa kuenda mumhasuru, mafuta, uye mamwe maseru, uko kwaanogona kuchengetwa kana kushandiswa semafuta.

Vanhu vane chirwere cheshuga vane shuga yakakwira muropa nekuti muviri wavo haugone kufambisa shuga kubva muropa kuenda mumhasuru nemafuta maseru kuti apiswe kana kuchengetwa kuitira simba, uye / kana nekuti chiropa chavo chinoita glucose yakawandisa uye voiburitsa muropa. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti:

• Zvirwatata zvavo hazviite insulini yakakwana
• Masero avo haapindure kune insulin zvakajairika
• Zvese zviri pamusoro

Kune maviri makuru marudzi eshuga. Izvo zvinokonzeresa uye njodzi zvinhu zvakasiyana kune yega mhando:

• Nyora 1 chirwere cheshuga hachina kujairika. Inogona kuitika chero zera, asi inowanzoonekwa muvana, vachiri kuyaruka, kana kune vechidiki. Muchirwere ichi, muviri unoita shoma kana kusave ne insulin. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti pancreas maseru anoita kuti insulin imire kushanda. Majekiseni ezuva nezuva ejekiseni anodiwa. Chikonzero chaicho chekutadza kuita insulini yakakwana hachizivikanwe.
• Tora 2 chirwere cheshuga chinowanzoitika. Inowanzoitika mukukura, asi nekuda kwehuwandu hwekufutisa, vana nevechidiki vava kuwanikwa vaine chirwere ichi. Vamwe vanhu vane rudzi rwechipiri chirwere cheshuga havazive kuti vanacho. Nerudzi rwechipiri chirwere cheshuga, muviri unopesana ne insulin uye haushandise insulin sezvainofanira. Havasi vese vanhu vane type 2 diabetes vane overweight kana kufutisa.
• Kune zvimwe zvikonzero zvechirwere cheshuga, uye vamwe vanhu havagone kuverengerwa serudzi rwekutanga kana mhando yechipiri.

Gestational chirwere cheshuga shuga yakakwira muropa inokura chero nguva panguva yekuzvitakura mumukadzi asina chirwere cheshuga.

Kana mubereki wako, mukoma, kana hanzvadzi aine chirwere cheshuga, ungangozoita chirwere ichi.

A shuga yepamusoro yeropa inogona kukonzera zviratidzo zvinoverengeka, zvinosanganisira:

• Blurry chiratidzo
• Nyota yakawandisa
• Kuneta
• Kakawanda weti
• Nzara
• Kuonda

Nekuti rudzi rwechipiri chirwere cheshuga chinokura zvishoma nezvishoma, vamwe vanhu vane shuga yakawanda yeropa havana zviratidzo.

Zviratidzo zverudzi 1 chirwere cheshuga zvinokura kwenguva pfupi. Vanhu vanogona kunge vachirwara zvakanyanya nenguva yavanowanikwa.

Mushure memakore mazhinji, chirwere cheshuga chinogona kutungamira kune mamwe matambudziko akakomba. Aya matambudziko anozivikanwa seanetso yeshuga, uye anosanganisira:

• Matambudziko eziso, kusanganisira kunetsekana kuona (kunyanya husiku), kupusa kwekunzwa, uye kupofomara
• Maronda uye kutapukira kwegumbo kana tsoka, izvo zvikasarapwa, zvinogona kukonzera kudimburwa kwegumbo kana tsoka
• Kukuvara kwemitsipa mumuviri, kuchikonzera kurwadziwa, kurira, kurasikirwa kwekunzwa, matambudziko kugaya chikafu, uye kusagadzikana kwe erectile
• Zvinetso zveitsvo, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kukundikana kwetsvo
• Utano hwemuviri husina simba, izvo zvinogona kutungamira kuzvirwere zvinowanzoitika
• Kuwedzera mukana wekuve nekurwadziwa kwemoyo kana sitiroko

Kuongorora weti kunogona kuratidza shuga yakakwira muropa. Asi weti bvunzo yoga haiongorore chirwere cheshuga.

Mubatsiri wako wezvehutano anogona kufungidzira kuti une chirwere cheshuga kana shuga yako yeropa iri pamusoro pe200 mg / dL (11.1 mmol / L). Kuti usimbise kuongororwa, imwe kana yakawanda yemiedzo inotevera inofanira kuitwa.

Ropa bvunzo:

• Kutsanya kweropa glucose level. Chirwere cheshuga chinoonekwa kana iyo yekutsanya glucose level iri 126 mg / dL (7.0 mmol / L) kana yakakwira pamiyedzo miviri yakasiyana. Nhanho dziri pakati pe100 ne125 mg / dL (5.5 uye 7.0 mmol / L) dzinonzi kushaya simba glucose kana prediabetes. Aya matanho ari njodzi njodzi yerudzi rwechipiri chirwere cheshuga.
• Hemoglobin A1C (A1C) bvunzo. Zvakajairika zviri pasi pe5.7%; prediabetes iri 5.7% kusvika 6.4%; uye chirwere cheshuga chiri 6.5% kana kupfuura.
• Oral glucose kushivirira bvunzo. Chirwere cheshuga chinoonekwa kana huwandu hweglucose iri 200 mg / dL (11.1 mmol / L) kana yakakwira maawa maviri mushure mekunwa yakakosha 75 giramu chinwiwa cheshuga (uyu muyedzo unoshandiswa kazhinji kurudzi rwechipiri chirwere cheshuga).

Kuongororwa kwerudzi rwechipiri chirwere cheshuga muvanhu vasina zviratidzo zvinokurudzirwa ku:

• Vana vakawandisa vane zvimwe zvinenjodzi zvechirwere cheshuga, kutanga pazera regumi uye vachidzokorora makore ese matatu.
• Vakuru vakawandisa (BMI yemakumi maviri nemashanu kana kupfuura) vane zvimwe zvinenjodzi sekukwirisa kweropa, kana kuva naamai, baba, hanzvadzi kana mukoma ane chirwere cheshuga.
• Vakadzi vane huremu hwepamusoro vane zvimwe zvinenjodzi senge yakakwira BP avo vari kuronga kuita nhumbu.
  
• Vakuru vanopfuura makore makumi mana nemashanu, vanodzokororwa makore ese matatu kana pazera diki kana munhu aine njodzi.

Rudzi rwechipiri chirwere cheshuga dzimwe nguva chinogona kudzoserwa nekuchinja kwehupenyu, kunyanya kurasikirwa nehuremu nekurovedza muviri uye nekudya chikafu chine hutano. Zvimwe zviitiko zverudzi rwechipiri chirwere cheshuga zvinogona zvakare kuvandudzwa pamwe nekuremerwa kurasikirwa nekuvhiya.

Iko hakuna kurapwa kwerudzi rwekutanga chirwere cheshuga (kunze kwepancreas kana islet cell transplant).

Kurapa chero rudzi rwe1 chirwere cheshuga kana rudzi rwechipiri chirwere cheshuga kunosanganisira chikafu, chiitiko uye mishonga kudzora huwandu hweshuga yeropa.

Wese munhu ane chirwere cheshuga anofanirwa kuwana dzidzo uye rutsigiro rwakanaka nezvenzira dzakanakisa dzekurwisa chirwere cheshuga. Kumbira mupiki wako nezve kuona anozivikanwa chirwere cheshuga mudzidzisi (CDE).

Kuwana zvirinani kudzora pashuga yako yeropa, cholesterol, uye kuwanda kweropa zvinobatsira kudzikisa njodzi yechirwere cheitsvo, chirwere cheziso, chirwere chetsinga, kurwara kwemoyo, uye sitiroko.

Kudzivirira chirwere cheshuga, shanyira mupi wako kanokwana 2 kana kana kanokwana pagore. Taura nezve chero matambudziko auri kuva nawo. Tevera mirairo yemupi wako pakutarisira chirwere cheshuga.

Zvakawanda zviwanikwa zvinogona kukubatsira kuti unzwisise zvakawanda nezve chirwere cheshuga. Kana iwe uine chirwere cheshuga, unogona zvakare kudzidza nzira dzekugadzirisa mamiriro ako uye kudzivirira kusangana kweshuga.

Chirwere cheshuga chirwere cheupenyu hwese kune vanhu vazhinji vanacho.

Kudzora kwakasimba kweropa glucose kunogona kudzivirira kana kunonoka kusagadzikana kweshuga. Asi aya matambudziko anogona kuitika, kunyangwe mune vanhu vane yakanaka chirwere cheshuga.

Mushure memakore mazhinji, chirwere cheshuga chinogona kutungamira kumatambudziko akakomba ehutano:

• Unogona kuve nematambudziko eziso, kusanganisira kunetsekana kuona (kunyanya husiku), uye nekunzwa kupenya. Unogona kuita bofu.
• Tsoka dzako neganda zvinogona kukura maronda uye hutachiona. Mushure menguva yakareba, tsoka yako kana gumbo rinogona kuda kudimburwa. Utachiona hunogona zvakare kukonzera marwadzo uye kuvaviwa mune zvimwe zvikamu zvemuviri.
• Chirwere cheshuga chingaite kuti zviome kudzora yako BP uye cholesterol. Izvi zvinogona kutungamira pakurwara kwemoyo, sitiroko, uye mamwe matambudziko. Zvinogona kuva zvakaoma kuti ropa riyerere kumakumbo ako netsoka.
• Tsinga mumuviri wako dzinogona kukuvara, zvichikonzera kurwadziwa, kurira, uye chiveve.
• Nekuda kwekukuvara kwetsinga, unogona kuve nezvinetso kugaya chikafu chaunodya. Iwe unogona kunzwa kushaya simba kana kunetseka kuenda kuchimbuzi. Kukuvara kwemutsipa kunogona kuita kuti zviomere kuti varume vave nekumiswa.
• Yakakwira shuga yeropa uye zvimwe zvinetso zvinogona kukonzera kukuvara kweitsvo. Itsvo dzako dzinogona kusashanda sezvadzakamboita. Ivo vanogona kutomira kushanda kuti iwe ude dialysis kana itsvo kuisazve.
• Immune system yako inogona kushomeka, izvo zvinogona kutungamira kuzvirwere zvinowanzoitika.

Kuchengeta huremu hwemuviri hwakanaka uye nemararamiro anoshanda kunogona kudzivirira kana kunonoka kutanga kwechirwere cheshuga. Kana iwe uri kufuta, kurasikirwa ne5% chete yemuviri wako huremu kunogona kudzikisa njodzi yako. Mimwe mishonga inogona zvakare kushandiswa kunonoka kana kudzivirira kutanga kwerudzi rwechipiri chirwere cheshuga.

Panguva ino, mhando 1 chirwere cheshuga haigone kudzivirirwa. Asi pane kuvimbisa kutsvagisa kunoratidza rudzi rwe1 chirwere cheshuga kunogona kunonoka mune vamwe vane njodzi huru.

Chirwere cheshuga - mhando 1; Chirwere cheshuga - mhando 2; Chirwere cheshuga - gestational; Nyora 1 chirwere cheshuga; Nyora 2 chirwere cheshuga; Gestational chirwere cheshuga; Chirwere cheshuga mellitus

• Chirwere cheshuga - maronda etsoka
• Chirwere cheshuga - kutarisira tsoka dzako
• Chirwere cheshuga - kana uchirwara

• Endocrine masero
• Chirwere cheshuga retinopathy
• Zvitsuwa zveLangerhans
• Pancreas
• Insulin pombi
• Tora I chirwere cheshuga
• Dhiyabhorosi kutenderera kweropa netsoka
• Kudya uye insulin kusunungurwa
• Insulin kugadzirwa uye chirwere cheshuga
• Kuongorora ropa glucose - Series
• Necrobiosis lipoidica chirwere cheshuga - mudumbu
• Necrobiosis lipoidica chirwere cheshuga - gumbo

American Chirwere cheshuga Association. 2. Kupatsanura uye kuongororwa kwechirwere cheshuga: zviyero zvekurapwa mune cheshuga - 2020. Chirwere cheshuga. 2020; 43 (Suppl 1): S14-S31. PMID: 31862745 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31862745/.

Atkinson MA, Mcgill DE, Dassau E, Laffel L. Type 1 chirwere cheshuga mellitus. Mune: Melmed S, Auchus, RJ, Goldfine AB, Koenig RJ, Rosen CJ, eds. Williams Chinyorwa cheEndocrinology. 14th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chitsiko 36.

Chirahwe MC, Ahmann AJ. Therapeutics yerudzi rwechipiri chirwere cheshuga mellitus. Mune: Melmed S, Auchus, RJ, Goldfine AB, Koenig RJ, Rosen CJ, eds. Williams Chinyorwa cheEndocrinology. 14th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chits. 35.