Bundu

Bundu kukura kwakasarudzika kwemaviri enyama. Mamota anogona kuve ane cancer (yakaipa) kana isingaite cancer (benign).

Kazhinji, mamota anoitika kana masero akapatsanuka uye achikura zvakanyanya mumuviri. Kazhinji, muviri unodzora kukura kwesero uye kupatsanuka. Maseru matsva akagadzirwa kutsiva akura kana kuita mashandiro matsva. Masero akakuvara kana kuti asingachadiwi anofa kuti awane nzvimbo yekutsiva kwakanaka.

Kana muyero wekukura kwemasero uye kufa kukanganiswa, bundu rinogona kuumbika.

Zvinetso nemaitiro ezvirwere zvemuviri zvinogona kutungamira kumatumbu. Fodya inokonzera kufa kwakawanda kubva kukenza kupfuura chero chinhu chipi zvacho chakatipoteredza. Zvimwe zvinokonzerwa nekenza zvinosanganisira:

• Benzene nemamwe makemikari uye chepfu
• Kunwa doro rakawandisa
• Zvinotipoteredza zvakatipoteredza, senge mamwe howa une chepfu uye mhando yehupfu hunogona kukura pamiti yenzungu (aflatoxins)
• Kuwedzera kwezuva kujekesa
• Zvinetso zvemajini
• Kufutisa
• Radiation kuratidzwa
• Utachiona

Mhando dzemamota dzinozivikanwa kuti dzinokonzerwa kana kusanganiswa nemavirusi ndedzinoti:

• Burkitt lymphoma (Epstein-Barr hutachiona)
• Gomarara remuromo wechibereko (human papillomavirus)
• Mazhinji kanzura yean anal (human papillomavirus)
• Dzimwe kenza dzepahuro, kusanganisira nyoro mukanwa, hwaro hwerurimi uye matoni (human papillomavirus)
• Mimwe kenza yemukadzi, inobuda uye yekenza (penillomavirus yevanhu)
• Dzimwe kenza dzechiropa (hepatitis B uye hepatitis C hutachiona)
• Kaposi sarcoma (munhu herpesvirus 8)
• Mukuru T-cell leukemia / lymphoma (munhu T-lymphotropic virus-1)
• Merkel cell carcinoma (Merkel cell polyomavirus)
• Kenza yeNasopharyngeal (Epstein-Barr hutachiona)

Mamwe mamota akajairika mune rimwe bonde kupfuura iro. Zvimwe zvinowanzoitika pakati pevana kana vakuru vakuru. Zvimwe zvinoenderana nekudya, nharaunda, uye nhoroondo yemhuri.

Zviratidzo zvinoenderana nerudzi uye nzvimbo yebundu. Semuenzaniso, mapundu emapapu anogona kukonzera kukosora, kufema kwekufema, kana kurwadziwa pachipfuva. Tumota dzekoloni dzinogona kukonzera kurasikirwa uremu, manyoka, kupatira, kushomeka kwesimbi kushomeka kweropa, uye ropa muchitsiko.

Mamwe mamota anogona kusakonzera chero zviratidzo. Zvimwe, zvakaita segomarara kana gomarara repancreatic, HAZVIITI kukonzera zviratidzo kudzamara chirwere ichi chasvika padanho repamusoro.

Zviratidzo zvinotevera zvinogona kuitika nemamota.

• Fivha kana kutonhora
• Kuneta
• Kupererwa nechido
• Night sweats
• Kuonda
• Kurwadziwa

Anopa hutano hwako anogona kuona bundu, senge ganda kana kenza yemuromo. Asi gomarara rakawanda harigone kuonekwa panguva yebvunzo nekuti rakadzika mukati memuviri.

Kana bundu rikawanikwa, chidimbu chetishu chinobviswa chiongororwe pasi pemaikorosikopu. Izvi zvinonzi biopsy. Izvo zvinoitwa kuti uone kana bundu racho risinganzwisise (benign) kana cancer (yakaipa). Zvichienderana nenzvimbo yebundu, iyo biopsy inogona kunge iri nzira yakapusa kana kuvhiyiwa kwakakomba.

CT kana MRI scan inogona kubatsira kuona chaiko nzvimbo yebundu uye kuti yapararira zvakadii. Imwe bvunzo yekufungidzira inonzi positron emission tomography (PET) inoshandiswa kutsvaga mamwe mamota mhando.

Mimwe bvunzo inogona kuitwa inosanganisira:

• Kuongororwa kweropa
• Bone marrow biopsy (kazhinji kazhinji kune lymphoma kana leukemia)
• Chest x-ray
• Yakazara kuverenga ropa (CBC)
• Chiropa basa bvunzo

Kurapa kunosiyana zvichienderana ne:

• Type yebundu
• Kunyangwe iri cancer
• Nzvimbo yebundu

Iwe unogona kusada kurapwa kana bundu riri:

• Hazvina kenza (benign)
• Munzvimbo "yakachengeteka" uko isingazokonzere zviratidzo kana matambudziko nemashandiro anoita nhengo

Dzimwe nguva mamota ane huturu anogona kubviswa nekuda kwezvikonzero zve cosmetic kana kugadzirisa zviratidzo. Benign tumarara padyo kana muuropi dzinogona kubviswa nekuda kwenzvimbo yadzo kana zvinokuvadza pane zvakakomberedza zvinyama zvehuropi.

Kana bundu riri kenza, zvinogona kurapwa zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Chemotherapy
• Radiation
• Kuvhiya
• Targeted cancer kurapwa
• Immunotherapy
• Dzimwe nzira dzokurapa

Chirwere chekenza chinowanzo kukonzera kushushikana kwakawanda uye chinogona kukanganisa hupenyu hwese hwemunhu. Kune zvakawanda zviwanikwa zvevarwere vegomarara.

Maonero anosiyana zvakanyanya pamhando dzakasiyana dzemamota. Kana bundu racho riine hutano, maonero acho kazhinji akanaka kwazvo. Asi bundu rakaipa dzimwe nguva rinogona kukonzera matambudziko akakomba, senge mukati kana padyo nehuropi.

Kana bundu iri rine kenza, mhedzisiro yacho inoenderana nerudzi uye nhanho yebundu pakuongororwa. Dzimwe gomarara dzinogona kurapwa. Zvimwe zvisingarapike zvinogona kurapwa, uye vanhu vanogona kurarama kwemakore mazhinji nekenza. Zvakare mamwe mamota anokurumidza kutyisidzira hupenyu.

Misa; Neoplasm

Burstein E. Maseru kukura uye neoplasia. Muna: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, eds. Sleisenger uye Fordtran's Gastrointestinal uye Chirwere Chiropa. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: chits. 1.

National Cancer Institute webhusaiti. Zviratidzo zvegomarara. www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/diagnosis-staging/symptoms. Yakagadziridzwa May 16, 2019. Yakasvika muna Chikunguru 12, 2020.

Nussbaum RL, McInnes RR, Willard HF. Kenza genetics uye genomics. Mune: Nussbaum RL, McInnes RR, Willard HF, eds. Thompson & Thompson Genetics muMushonga. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chits.

Paki BH. Cancer biology uye genetics. Mune: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Mushonga. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chits. 171.