Mercury muchetura

Ichi chinyorwa chinotaura nezve chepfu kubva kumekiyuri.

Ichi chinyorwa ndechekuziva chete. Usashandise iyo kurapa kana kubata chaiyo pozi kuratidzwa. Kana iwe kana mumwe munhu wauinaye aine mukana wekufona, fonera yako yemunharaunda emergency emergency (yakadai se911), kana nzvimbo yemunharaunda yako ine chepfu inogona kusvikwa yakananga nekufonera iyo yenyika isingabhadhariswe Poison Rubatsiro nhare (1-800-222-1222) kubva chero kupi muUnited States.

Kune matatu akasiyana mafomu e mercury anokonzeresa matambudziko ehutano. Vari:

• Elemental mercury, inozivikanwawo seyemvura mercury kana yekukurumidza sirivheri
• Inorganic mercury munyu
• Organic nemekiyuri

Elemental mercury inogona kuwanikwa mu:

• Girazi thermometers
• Magetsi switch
• Fluorescent mwenje mababu
• Kuzadza mazino
• Mimwe michina yekurapa

Inorganic mercury inogona kuwanikwa mu:

• Mabhatiri
• Chemistry Labs
• Mimwe mishonga inouraya utachiona
• Mishonga yevanhu
• Tsvuku cinnabar chicherwa

Organic mercury inogona kuwanikwa mu:

• Vakuru utachiona-mhondi (antiseptics) senge tsvuku mercurochrome (merbromin) (chinhu ichi chave kurambidzwa neFDA)
• Mafuta anopisa marasha
• Hove dzakadya chimiro che organic mercury inonzi methylmercury

Panogona kunge paine zvimwe zvitubu zvemhando idzi dzemekiyuri.

Element Ngoni

Elemental mercury kazhinji haina kukuvadza kana ikabatwa kana kumedzwa. Iri gobvu uye rinotsvedza zvekuti rinowanzodonha kubva paganda kana kusiya dumbu uye ura pasina kupinza.

Kukuvara kwakawanda kunogona kuitika, zvakadaro, kana elemental mercury ikapinda mumhepo muchimiro chemadonhwe madiki anofemerwa mumapapu. Izvi zvinowanzoitika nekukanganisa apo vanhu vanoedza kupukuta mercury iyo yadururira pasi.

Kufuridzira mune yakakwana elemental mercury kunokonzera zviratidzo ipapo ipapo. Izvi zvinonzi zviratidzo zvakanyanya. Yenguva refu-zviratidzo zvinoitika kana zvidiki zvidiki zvakaputirwa nekufamba kwenguva. Izvi zvinonzi zviratidzo zvisingaperi. Zviratidzo zvisingaperi zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Metallic kuravira mumuromo
• Kusvipa
• Kunetseka kufema
• Kukosora kwakashata
• Dzakazvimba, dzinobuda ropa

Zvichienderana nekuti yakawanda sei mercury inhaled, zvachose mapapu kukuvara uye kufa zvinogona kuitika. Yakareba-nguva kukuvara kwehuropi kubva inhaled elemental mercury inogona zvakare kuitika.

Pakave nezviitiko zve mercury iri kuiswa jekiseni pasi peganda, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kupisa uye kuputika.

NGONI INORGANIC

Kusiyana ne elemental mercury, inorganic mercury inowanzova ine chepfu painomedzwa. Zvichienderana nekuti yakawanda sei yakamedzwa, zviratidzo zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Kutsva mudumbu nehuro
• Manyoka eropa uye kurutsa

Kana inorganic mercury ikapinda muropa rako, inogona kurwisa itsvo nehuropi. Kugara kweitsvo kukuvara uye itsvo kutadza kunogona kuitika. Huwandu hwakawanda muropa hunogona kukonzera kuwanda kweropa uye kurasikirwa kwemvura kubva mumanyoka uye kukundikana kweitsvo, zvichitungamira kurufu.

NGONI DZAKANAKA

Organic mercury inogona kukonzera chirwere kana ichifemerwa mukati, kudyiwa, kana kuiswa paganda kwenguva yakareba yenguva. Kazhinji, organic mercury inokonzera matambudziko pamusoro pemakore kana makumi emakore, kwete ipapo. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kuiswa pachena kune zvidiki zve organic mercury zuva rega rega kwemakore zvinogona kukonzera zviratidzo kuti zvionekwe gare gare. Kufumurwa kumwe chete kukuru, zvisinei, kunogona zvakare kukonzera matambudziko.

Kuratidzira kwenguva refu kunogona kukonzera zviratidzo muhurongwa hwemitsipa, kusanganisira:

• Unhu kana kurwadziwa mune zvimwe zvikamu zveganda rako
• Kusazununguka kusingadzoreki kana kudedera
• Kutadza kufamba zvakanaka
• Bofu uye kuona kaviri
• Matambudziko ekurangarira
• Kufenda uye kufa (nekuratidzwa kukuru)

Kuoneswa pachena kune huwandu hwakawanda hwe organic mercury inonzi methylmercury nepo nhumbu inogona kukonzera kusingaperi kwehuropi kukuvara mumwana. Vazhinji vanopa hutano vanokurudzira kudya hove shoma, kunyanya swordfish, uchiri nepamuviri. Vakadzi vanofanirwa kutaura nemubatsiri wavo nezve izvo zvavanofanira uye zvavasingafanirwe kudya vachiri nepamuviri.

Iva neruzivo urwu rwakagadzirira:

• Zera remunhu, huremu, uye mamiriro (semuenzaniso, munhu akamuka uye akasvinura here?)
• Kunobva iyo mercury
• Nguva yakamedzwa, kufemetwa, kana kubatwa
• Mari yakamedzwa, kufema, kana kubatwa

Usanonoka kukumbira rubatsiro kana iwe usiri kuziva ruzivo rwuri pamusoro.

Yako yepanzvimbo yekudzora huturu inogona kusvikwa yakananga nekufonera iyo yepasirose-isina muripo Poison Rubatsiro nhare (1-800-222-1222) kubva chero muUnited States. Iyi hotline yenyika inokurega iwe uchitaura nenyanzvi mune chepfu. Ivo vanozokupa iwe kumwe kuraira.

Iri ibasa remahara uye rakavanzika. Nzvimbo dzese dzemunharaunda dzekudzora chepfu muUnited States dzinoshandisa iyi nhamba yenyika. Iwe unofanirwa kufona kana iwe uine chero mibvunzo nezve chepfu kana kudzivirira chepfu. Hazvidi kuti ive emergency. Iwe unogona kufona chero chikonzero, maawa makumi maviri nemana pazuva, mazuva manomwe pavhiki.

General kurapwa kwekuratidzwa kwemekyuri kunosanganisira matanho ari pazasi. Kurapa kwekuratidzwa kune akasiyana mafomu e mercury kunopihwa mushure meichi chizere ruzivo.

Munhu wacho anofanira kutamisirwa kure nekwaanobuda.

Anopa hutano anozoyera nekutarisa zviratidzo zvakakosha zvemunhu, zvinosanganisira tembiricha, kupomba, kufema, uye BP.

Miedzo inogona kuitwa inosanganisira:

• Ropa uye weti kuongororwa
• Chest x-ray
• ECG (electrocardiogram) kana kutsvaga moyo

Kurapa kunogona kusanganisira:

• Yakagadziriswa marasha nemuromo kana chubhu kuburikidza nemhino mukati mudumbu, kana mercury ikamedzwa
• Dialysis (itsvo muchina)
• Mvura kuburikidza nemutsinga (na IV)
• Mushonga wekurapa zviratidzo

Rudzi rwekuburitsa huchaona kuti ndeapi mamwe mabvunzo uye marapirwo anodikanwa.

Element Ngoni

Inhaled elemental mercury poisoning inogona kunge yakaoma kurapa. Munhu wacho anogona kugamuchira:

• Humidified oxygen kana mweya
• Kufema chubhu kuburikidza nemuromo mumapapu uye kushandiswa kwemuchina wekufema (ventilator)
• Kubviswa kwe mercury kubva mumapapu
• Mushonga wekubvisa mercury uye inorema simbi kubva mumuviri
• Kuvhiya kubviswa kweiyo mercury kana kujowa pasi peganda

NGONI INORGANIC

Kune inorganic mercury chepfu, kurapwa kazhinji kunotanga nekutsigira kutarisirwa. Munhu wacho anogona kugamuchira:

• Mvura ne IV (kupinda mutsinga)
• Mishonga yekurapa zviratidzo
• Yakagadziriswa marasha, mushonga unonyudza zvinhu zvakawanda kubva mudumbu
• Mishonga inonzi chelators kubvisa mercury muropa

NGONI DZAKANAKA

Kurapa kwekuratidzira kune organic mercury kazhinji kunosanganisira mishonga inonzi chelators. Izvi zvinobvisa mercury muropa uye zvoiendesa kure nehuropi neitsvo. Kazhinji, mishonga iyi inofanirwa kushandiswa kwemavhiki kusvika kumwedzi.

Kufema mudiki mu elemental mercury kunokonzeresa mashoma, kana paine, marefu-nguva mhedzisiro. Zvisinei, kufema zvakanyanya kunogona kutungamira kuchipatara kugara kwenguva refu. Kukuvara kwemapapu zvachose. Panogona kunge paine kukuvara kwehuropi. Kufumurwa kukuru kwazvo kunogona kukonzera kufa.

Kuwedzeredza kukuru kweinorganic mercury kunogona kukonzera kuwanda kweropa uye kurasikirwa kwemvura, itsvo kutadza, uye pamwe kufa.

Husingaperi kukuvara kwehuropi kubva ku organic mercury chepfu kunonetsa kurapa Vamwe vanhu havazombopora, asi pakave nekubudirira kune vanhu vanogamuchira chelation kurapwa.

Mahajan PV. Heavy simbi kudhakwa. Mune: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Chinyorwa chePediatrics. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chits. 738.

Theobald JL, Mycyk MB. Iron nesimbi inorema. Mune: Masvingo RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts uye Clinical Practice. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chits. 151.