Mammogram

Mammogram mufananidzo weX-ray wemazamu. Iyo inoshandiswa kutsvaga mamota ezamu uye gomarara.

Iwe unozobvunzwa kusunungura kubva muchiuno kumusoro. Uchapihwa gown rekupfeka. Zvichienderana nerudzi rwemidziyo inoshandiswa, iwe uchagara kana kumira.

Zamu rimwe panguva rakazorora pakapfava pevhu iyo ine x-ray ndiro. Mudziyo unonzi compressor unosvinwa wakasimba uchipesana nezamu. Izvi zvinobatsira kupfava iyo yemazamu tishu.

Mifananidzo ye x-ray inotorwa kubva pamakona akati wandei. Iwe unogona kukumbirwa kubata mweya wako sezvo pikicha yega yega inotorwa.

Iwe unogona kukumbirwa kuti udzoke pane inotevera zuva kune mamwe mammogram mifananidzo. Izvi hazvirevi nguva dzose kuti une kenza yemazamu. Wako wekuchengeta hutano anogona kungoda kutarisa nzvimbo iyo isingakwanise kunyatsoonekwa pachiyero chekutanga.

MHANDO DZE MAMMOGRAPHY

Yetsika mammography inoshandisa firimu, yakafanana neyakajairwa x-rays.

Dhijitari mammography ndiyo yakajairika nzira.

• Ikozvino yave kushandiswa munzvimbo zhinji dzekuongorora mazamu.
• Iyo inobvumira iyo x-ray mufananidzo wezamu kuti uonekwe uye kushandiswe pakombuta yekombuta.
• Zvinogona kuve zvakaringana mune vakadzi vadiki vane dense mazamu. Izvo hazvisati zvaratidza kubatsira kubatsira kudzikisira mukadzi mukana wekufa nekenza yemazamu kana ichienzaniswa nefirimu mammography.

Matatu-matatu (3D) mammography rudzi rweiyo digital mammography.

USASHANDISA zvinonhuhwirira, zvinonhuwira, hupfu, kana mafuta ekuzora pasi pemaoko ako kana pamazamu ako pazuva remamamu. Izvi zvinhu zvinogona kuviga chikamu chemifananidzo. Bvisa zvishongo kubva pamutsipa wako nepachipfuva.

Udza mupi wako uye x-ray tekinoroji kana iwe uri nepamuviri kana kuyamwisa, kana kana iwe uine zamu biopsy.

Iyo compressor hukawanika inogona kunzwa kutonhora. Kana chipfuva chakatsikirirwa pasi, unogona kunge uine marwadzo. Izvi zvinoda kuitwa kuti uwane yakanaka mhando mifananidzo.

Rini uye kangani kuve neanoongorora mammogram sarudzo yaunofanira kuita. Mapoka ehunyanzvi akasiyana haabvumirane zvizere pane yakanakisa nguva yemuedzo uyu.

Usati waita mammogram, taura nemupi wako nezvezvakanaka nezvayakaipira kuita bvunzo. Bvunza nezve:

• Ngozi yako yekenza yemazamu
• Kunyangwe kuongorora kunodzora mukana wako wekufa nekenza yemazamu
• Kunyangwe paine chero kukuvara kubva pakuongorora gomarara repazamu, senge mhedzisiro kubva mukuyedzwa kana kuwanda kwekenza kana yawanikwa

Mammography inoitwa kuongorora vakadzi kuti vaone gomarara repazamu rekutanga kana riine mukana wekurapwa. Mammography inowanzokurudzirwa ku:

• Vakadzi vanotanga pamakore makumi mana, vachidzokorora ese 1 kusvika 2 makore. (Izvi hazvikurudzirwe nemasangano ese ehunyanzvi.)
• Vakadzi vese vanotanga pamakore makumi mashanu, vachidzokororwa yega 1 kusvika 2 makore.
• Vakadzi vane amai kana hanzvadzi vane kenza yemazamu pazera diki vanofanira kufunga mammograms egore. Vanofanira kutanga kutanga pane zera rakawanikwa nhengo yavo yemhuri yekupedzisira.

Mammography inoshandiswawo ku:

• Tevera mukadzi anga aine mammogram isina kujairika.
• Wongorora mukadzi ane zviratidzo zvehosha yezamu. Zviratidzo izvi zvinogona kusanganisira bundu, kuburitswa kwezamu, kurwadziwa muzamu, kudzimbirwa kweganda pazamu, shanduko yezamu, kana zvimwe zvakawanikwa.

Chipfuva chemazamu chinoratidzira kusava nehukuru hwehuremu kana kukosheswa kunoonekwa kunge kwakajairika.

Zvizhinji zvisingawanzo kuwanikwa pane yekuongorora mammogram inozove iri benign (kwete gomarara) kana hapana chekufunganya nezvayo. Zvitsva zvitsva kana shanduko zvinofanirwa kuongororwa zvakare.

Chiremba we radiology (radiologist) anogona kuona anotevera marudzi ezviwanikwa pane mammogram:

• Nzvimbo yakanyatsotsanangurwa, yenguva dzose, yakajeka (izvi zvinowanzoita kunge isiri mamiriro ekenza, senge cyst)
• Masasi kana mapundu
• Nzvimbo dzakawandisa muzamu dzinogona kuve kenza yemazamu kana kuvanza kenza yemazamu
• MaCalcification, ayo anokonzereswa nediki diki macalcium mune yemazamu tishu (kuwanda kukosheswa hachisi chiratidzo checancer)

Dzimwe nguva, bvunzo dzinotevera dzinodikanwa kuti uenderere mberi kuongorora mammogram zvakawanikwa:

• Kuwedzera mammogram maonero, kusanganisira kukudza kana kudzvinyirira maonero
• Zamu Ultrasound
• Chifuva MRI bvunzo (zvisingawanzo kuitwa)

Kufananidza mammogram yako yazvino kune yako mammograms apfuura anobatsira iyo radiologist kutaurira kana iwe uine chakajairika kuwana munguva yakapfuura uye kana zvachinja.

Kana mammogram kana ultrasound zvabuda zvichinyumwira, bhiopsy inoitwa kuyedza nyama uye kuona kana iri cancer. Mhando dze biopsies dzinosanganisira:

• Stereotactic
• Ultrasound
• Vhura

Iyo mwero we radiation wakaderera uye chero njodzi kubva kumammography yakanyanya kuderera. Kana iwe uri nepamuviri uye uchida kuongororwa zvisina kujairika, nzvimbo yako yedumbu ichavharwa uye kudzivirirwa nefoni inotungamira.

Kugara uchiongorora mammography hakuitwe panguva yekuzvitakura kana panguva yekuyamwisa.

Mammography; Gomarara repazamu - mammography; Gomarara repazamu - kuongorora mammography; Bundu repazamu - mammogram; Mazamu tomosynthesis

• Chipfuva chevakadzi
• Mazamu mapundu
• Zvinokonzera mapundu emuzamu
• Mammary shwanu
• Kusanzwisisika kubuda kubva munyatso
• Fibrocystic chipfuva chinoshanduka
• Mammography

American Cancer Society webhusaiti. American Cancer Society kurudziro yekuonekwa kwekutanga kwekenza yemazamu. www.cancer.org/cancer/breast-cancer/screening-tests-and-early-detection/american-cancer-society-recommendations-for-the-early-detection-of-breast-cancer.html. Yakagadziridzwa Gumiguru 3, 2019. Yakasvika munaNdira 23, 2020.

American College yeVadzvinyiriri uye Gynecologists (ACOG) webhusaiti. ACOG Dzidzira Bulletin: Gomarara repazamu kuongororwa kuongororwa uye kuongororwa muavhareji- vakadzi vane njodzi. www.acog.org/Clinical-Guidance-and-Publications/Practice-Bulletins/Committee-on-Practice-Bulletins-Gynecology/Breast-Cancer-Risk-Assessment-and-Screening-in-Average-Risk-Women. Kwete. 179, Chikunguru 2017. Yakasvika muna Ndira 23, 2020.

National Cancer Institute webhusaiti. Kenza yemazamu yekuongorora (PDQ) - hutano nyanzvi vhezheni. www.cancer.gov/types/breast/hp/breast-screening-pdq. Yakagadziridzwa Chikumi 19, 2017. Yakasvika muna Zvita 18, 2019.

Siu AL; US Yekudzivirira Services Task Force. Kuongorora kenza yemazamu: US Preventive Services Task Force kukurudzira chirevo. Ann Mukati Med. 2016; 164 (4): 279-296. PMID: 26757170 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26757170.