Refraction

Refraction kuongorora kweziso kunoyera tsamba yemunhu yemagirazi emaziso kana malensi ekutaurirana.

Bvunzo iyi inoitwa nachiremba wemaziso kana chiremba wezve meso. Ose mahunyanzvi aya anowanzodaidzwa kunzi "chiremba weziso."

Iwe unogara pachigaro chine chinhu chakakosha (chinonzi phoroptor kana refractor) chakanamatira pairi.Iwe unotarisa kuburikidza nechigadzirwa uye unotarisa pane ziso chati 20 tsoka (6 metres) kure. Chigadzirwa chine malensi emasimba akasiyana anokwanisa kuendeswa mumaonero ako. Muedzo unoitwa ziso rimwe panguva.

Chiremba weziso anozobvunza kana chati ichionekwa zvakanyanya kana zvishoma kujeka kana lenzi dzakasiyana dziripo.

Kana iwe ukapfeka malensi ekuonana, bvunza chiremba kana iwe uchida kuvabvisa uye kwenguva yakareba sei usati waedzwa.

Iko hakuna kusagadzikana.

Bvunzo iyi inogona kuitwa sechikamu chenguva dzose bvunzo dzemaziso. Chinangwa ndechekuona kana uine kukanganisa kwekuratidzira (kudiwa kwemagirazi kana malensi ekutaurirana).

Kune vanhu vanopfuura makore makumi mana vane zvakajairika kureba kuona asi kunetsekana nepedyo kuona, bvunzo yekubvisa inogona kuona simba chairo rekuverenga magirazi.

Kana chiono chako chisina kukosheswa (chisina magirazi kana malensi ekutaurirana) chiri chakajairika, iko kukanganisa kwekuratidzira kuri zero (plano) uye chiratidzo chako chinofanira kunge chiri 20/20 (kana 1.0).

Iko kukosha kwe20 / 20 (1.0) zvakajairika kuona. Izvi zvinoreva kuti unogona kuverenga 3/8-inch (1 centimeter) mavara pamamita makumi maviri (6 metres). Saizi diki yemhando inoshandiswa zvakare kuona zvakajairika padyo nekuona.

Une kukanganisa kwekukanganisa kana iwe uchida mubatanidzwa wemalensi kuti uone 20/20 (1.0). Magirazi kana malensi ekuonana anofanirwa kukupa iwe kuona kwakanaka. Kana iwe uine kukanganisa kwekubvisa, iwe une "mushonga." Yako tsamba inoteedzana yenhamba dzinotsanangura masimba ema lenzi anodikanwa kuti iwe unyatsoona.

Kana chiratidzo chako chekupedzisira chiri pasi pe20 / 20 (1.0), kunyangwe neilensi, saka panogona kunge paine rimwezve, dambudziko risingaite neziso rako.

Chiyero chemuono chaunowana panguva yemuedzo wekubvisa unonzi unogadziridzwa zvakanakisa kuona (BCVA).

Mhedzisiro isina kujairika inogona kunge iri nekuda kwe:

• Astigmatism (yakasarudzika yakakombama cornea inokonzeresa kuona)
• Hyperopia (kuona zviri kure)
• Myopia (kuona pedyo)
• Presbyopia (kusakwanisa kutarisa pazvinhu zviri padyo zvinokura nezera)

Mimwe mamiriro ezvinhu umo bvunzo yacho inogona kuitiswa.

• Corneal maronda uye hutachiona
• Kurasikirwa kwekuratidzira kwakapinza nekuda kwekuora macular
• Retinal detachment (kupatsanurwa kwechiedza-chinyoro membrane (retina) kumashure kweziso kubva kune ayo anotsigira matete)
• Retinal mudziyo kuvharirwa (kuvharika mune tsinga diki inotakura ropa kuenda ku retina)
• Retinitis pigmentosa (chirwere chinogarwa nhaka cheretina)

Iko hakuna njodzi nemuedzo uyu.

Iwe unofanirwa kuve nekuongororwa kwakazara kwemaziso makore ese matatu kusvika mashanu kana usina matambudziko. Kana chiono chako chikave chisina kujeka, chichiwedzera, kana kana paine zvimwe zvinoonekwa shanduko, ronga bvunzo ipapo ipapo.

Mushure memakore makumi mana (kana kune vanhu vane nhoroondo yemhuri ye glaucoma), bvunzo dzemaziso dzinofanirwa kurongwa kamwe chete pagore kuyedza glaucoma. Chero ani ane chirwere cheshuga anofanira zvakare kuongororwa maziso kamwe chete pagore.

Vanhu vane kukanganisa kwekubvisa vanofanirwa kuve nekuongororwa kwemaziso makore ese 1 kusvika maviri, kana kana chiono chavo chikachinja.

Kuongorora kwemaziso - kuburitsa; Chiratidzo bvunzo - kuburitsa; Refraction

• Kuona chaiko

Chuck RS, Jacobs DS, Lee JK, et al; American Academy yeOphthalmology Inosarudzika Dzidzira Muenzaniso Refractive Management / Inopindirana Panel. Refractive kukanganisa & kuvhiya kwekuratidzira Inosarudzika Dzidzira Muenzaniso. Ophthalmology. 2018; 125 (1): 1-104. PMID: 29108748 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29108748.

Feder RS, Olsen TW, Prum BE Jr, et al; American Academy yeOphthalmology. Inonzwisisika yevakuru vekurapa ziso ongororo yakasarudzika tsika maitiro maitiro. Ophthalmology. 2016; 123 (1): 209-236. PMID: 26581558 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26581558.

Wu A. Clinical kudzora. Mune: Yanoff M, Duker JS, eds. Ophthalmology. 5 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chits. 2.3.