Bronchoscopy

Bronchoscopy muyedzo wekutarisa mweya uye kuongorora chirwere chemapapu. Inogona zvakare kushandiswa panguva yekurapa kwemamwe mapapu mamiriro.

Bronchoscope mudziyo unoshandiswa kuona mukati mefafitera nemapapu. Kukura kwacho kunogona kuchinjika kana kuomarara. Chiyero chinoshanduka chinogara chichiwanzoshandiswa. Iyo chubhu isingasviki hafu yehafu (1 sentimita) yakafara uye ingangoita mamita maviri (60 masendimita) kureba. Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitiki, bronchoscope yakaoma.

• Unogona kuwana mishonga kuburikidza nemutsinga (IV, kana intravenously) kuti ikubatsire kuzorora. Kana, iwe unogona kunge wakarara pasi peiyo general anesthesia, kunyanya kana pakaomeswa chiyero chikashandiswa.
• Chinodonhedza mushonga (anesthetic) uchasaswa mumuromo uye pahuro. Kana bronchoscopy ikaitwa kuburikidza nemhino dzako, chiveve jelly ichaiswa mumhino iyo tube inopfuura.
• Iyo chiyero chakaiswa zvinyoro nyoro. Zvinogona kuita kuti iwe ugoze pakutanga. Kukosora kunomira sezvo mushonga unovhiringa unotanga kushanda.
• Wehutano wako anogona kutumira saline solution kuburikidza nehubhu. Izvi zvinosuka mapapu uye zvinobvumira mupi wako kuunganidza masampula emapapu maseru, zvinwiwa, utachiona uye zvimwe zvinhu mukati memasaga emhepo Ichi chikamu chemaitiro chinonzi lavage.
• Dzimwe nguva, mabrashi madiki, tsono, kana forceps anogona kupfuudzwa kuburikidza nebronchoscope kutora mashoma mashoma matissue sampu (biopsies) kubva mumapapu ako.
• Wako mupi anogona zvakare kuisa stent munzira yako yekumhepo kana kuona mapapu ako ne ultrasound panguva yekuita. Iyo stent idiki chubhu-senge chigadzirwa chekurapa. Ultrasound inzira isingafadzi yekufungidzira iyo inobvumidza mupi wako kuona mukati memuviri wako.
• Dzimwe nguva ultrasound inoshandiswa kuona ma lymph node uye matukisi akakomberedza ako emhepo.
• Pakupera kwemaitiro, chiyero chinobviswa.

Tevedza rairo yekuti ungagadzirira sei bvunzo. Iwe ungangove uchiudzwa:

• Kwete kudya kana kunwa chero chinhu kwemaawa matanhatu kusvika gumi nemaviri usati waedzwa.
• Kwete kutora aspirin, ibuprofen, kana mimwe mishonga yekuchera ropa usati waita. Kumbira mupi uyo achaita yako bronchoscopy kana uye nguva yekurega kutora mishonga iyi.
• Ronga zvekukwira kuenda nekudzoka kuchipatara.
• Ronga kubatsirwa nebasa, kuchengetwa kwevana, kana mamwe mabasa, sezvo ungazoda kuzorora zuva rinotevera.

Muedzo unowanzoitwa senzira yekurapa, uye uchaenda kumba musi iwoyo. Kazhinji, vamwe vanhu vangangoda kurara muchipatara.

Yemunharaunda anesthetic inoshandiswa kuzorora uye chiveve pahuro dzako mhasuru. Kusvikira uyu mushonga watanga kushanda, iwe ungangonzwa mvura kuyerera ichidzika neshure kwehuro yako. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kukosora kana kuita gag.

Kamwe mushonga paunotanga kushanda, unogona kunzwa kumanikidzwa kana kudhonza zvinyoronyoro sezvo chubhu ichifamba nepombi yako. Kunyangwe iwe uchinzwa sekunge haugone kufema kana chubhu iri pahuro pako, hapana njodzi yezvinoitika. Mishonga yaunogamuchira kuti uzorore ichabatsira nezviratidzo izvi. Iwe ungangokanganwa mazhinji maitiro.

Kana iyo anesthetic ikapera, huro yako inogona kunge ichitsemuka kwemazuva akati wandei. Mushure mekuyedzwa, kugona kwako kukosora (kukosora reflex) kunozodzoka muawa imwe chete kana maviri. Iwe hautenderwe kudya kana kunwa kudzamara kukosora reflex kwadzoka.

Iwe unogona kunge uine bronchoscopy kubatsira wako mupi kuti aongorore matambudziko emapapu. Wako mupi achakwanisa kuongorora ako emhepo kana kutora biopsy sampuro.

Zvikonzero zvakajairika zvekuita bronchoscopy yekuongororwa ndeye:

• Chiyero chekufungidzira chakaratidza shanduko isingawanzo yemapapu ako, sekukura kana bundu, shanduko kana kupora kwemapapu emapapu, kana kudonha kwenzvimbo imwe yemapapu ako.
• Kune biopsy lymph node padyo nemapapu ako.
• Kuti uone kuti sei urikukosora ropa.
• Kutsanangura kupfupika kwemweya wekufema kana yakaderera oxygen mazinga.
• Kuti uone kana paine chinhu chekune imwe nyika munzira yako yemhepo.
• Iwe une chikosoro chakatora kweinopfuura mwedzi mitatu pasina chero chikonzero chakajeka.
• Iwe une hutachiona mumapapu ako uye makuru mweya (bronchi) asingakwanise kuongororwa chero imwe nzira kana kuda imwe mhando yekuongororwa.
• Iwe wakafema mweya une chepfu kana kemikari.
• Kuti uone kana kurambwa kwemapapu mushure mekuiswa kwemapapu kuri kuitika.

Iwe unogona zvakare kuve nebronchoscopy yekurapa dambudziko remapapu kana remumhepo. Semuenzaniso, zvinogona kuitirwa ku:

• Bvisa mvura inoyerera kana mamasi kubva munzira dzako dzekufema
• Bvisa chinhu chekune dzimwe nyika kubva kunzira dzako dzekufema
• Wedzera (kurerutsa) nzira yekumhepo yakavharika kana kudzikisira
• Dhonza bundu
• Rapa kenza uchishandisa dzinoverengeka dzakasiyana nzira
• Shamba kunze kwemhepo

Zvakajairwa mhedzisiro zvinoreva zvakajairwa masero uye mvura inoonekwa. Hapana zvekune dzimwe nyika kana zvivharo zvinoonekwa.

Matambudziko mazhinji anogona kuongororwa aine bronchoscopy, kusanganisira:

• Zvirwere kubva kubhakitiriya, mavairasi, fungi, zvipembenene, kana tibhii.
• Kukanganiswa kwemapapu kwakanangana neanogadzira-mhando maitiro.
• Kukanganiswa kwemapapu umo matumbu emapapu akadzika anopisa nekuda kwekudzivirira immune system, uye ndokukuvara. Semuenzaniso, shanduko kubva ku sarcoidosis kana rheumatoid arthritis inogona kuwanikwa.
• Kenza yemapapu, kana kenza munzvimbo iri pakati pemapapu.
• Kuderedza (stenosis) yetrachea kana bronchi.
• Kuramba kwakanyanya mushure mekuiswa kwemapapu.

Njodzi huru dzebronchoscopy ndeiyi:

• Kubuda ropa kubva kunzvimbo dzebiopsy
• Utachiona

Kune zvakare njodzi diki ye:

• Abnormal moyo mutinhimira
• Kufema kunetseka
• Kupindwa nechando
• Kurwara kwemoyo, mune vanhu vane chirwere chemoyo chiripo
• Yakaderera ropa oxygen
• Mapapu akadonha
• Huro inorwadza

Njodzi apo general anesthesia inoshandiswa inosanganisira:

• Kutambudzika kwemhasuru
• Shanduko muropa
• Inononoka kurova kwemoyo
• Kusvotwa uye kurutsa

Fiberoptic bronchoscopy; Kenza yemapapu - bronchoscopy; Mabayo - bronchoscopy; Chirwere chemapapu - bronchoscopy

• Bronchoscopy
• Bronchoscopy

Christie NA. Inoshanda otolaryngology: bronchoscopy. Mune: Myers EN, Snyderman CH, eds. Inoshanda Otolaryngology Musoro uye Neck Kuvhiya. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chits. 18.

Kupeli E, Feller-Kopman D, Mehta AC. Kuongorora bronchoscopy. Mune: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, eds. Murray naNadel Chinyorwa cheKufema Kwemishonga. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chits. 22.

Weinberger SE, Cockrill BA, Mandel J. Kuongororwa kwemurwere ane chirwere chemapapu. Mune: Weinberger SE, Cockrill BA, Mandel J, eds. Nheyo dzePulmonary Medicine. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chits. 3.