Anomful akasiya artery coronary kubva pulmonary arteri

Anomful left left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) hurema hwemwoyo. Arteriyoni coronary artery (LCA), iyo inotakura ropa kuenda kumutsipa wemwoyo, inotanga kubva mupurmonary arteri pane iyo aorta.

ALCAPA iripo pakuberekwa (kuberekwa).

ALCAPA idambudziko rinoitika kana moyo wemwana uchikura mukutanga kwepamuviri. Ropa rinosimukira reropa kumhasuru yemwoyo harinamati nemazvo.

Mumoyo wakajairika, iyo LCA inotangira kubva kuorta. Inopa ropa-rakapfuma reropa kune mhasuru yemwoyo kuruboshwe kwemoyo pamwe nevhavha yemitral (vharafu yemoyo pakati pemakamuri epamusoro uye ezasi emoyo kuruboshwe). Iyo aorta ndiyo hombe yeropa inotora ropa rakapfuma-okisijeni kubva pamoyo kuenda kune imwe muviri wese.

Muvana vane ALCAPA, iyo LCA inotangira kubva pulmonary arteri. Tsinga yemapapu ndiyo huru yeropa inotora okisijeni-isina ropa kubva pamoyo kuenda kumapapu kunotora oxygen.

Kana kukanganisika uku kukaitika, ropa rinoshayikwa muoksijeni rinotakurirwa kumutsipa wemwoyo kuruboshwe kwemoyo. Naizvozvo, mhasuru yemwoyo haina kuwana oxygen yakakwana. Iyo turu inotanga kufa nekuda kwekushaya oxygen. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera chirwere chemwoyo mumwana.

Mamiriro anozivikanwa se "coronary kuba" anowedzera kukuvadza moyo muvacheche vane ALCAPA. Iko kushomeka kweropa mupermonary arteri kunokonzeresa ropa kubva kune yakasarudzika LCA yakabatana kuyerera ichidzokera kune yemapurmon arteri pane kuenda kumwoyo mhasuru. Izvi zvinoguma neropa shoma uye oxygen kumutsipa wemwoyo. Dambudziko iri rinogona zvakare kutungamira pakurwara kwemoyo mucheche. Coronary inoba inokura nekufamba kwenguva muvacheche vane ALCAPA kana mamiriro asina kurapwa nekukurumidza.

Zviratidzo zveALCAPA mumucheche zvinosanganisira:

• Kuchema kana kudikitira panguva yekudya
• Kushatirwa
• Ganda rakachenuruka
• Kudya zvisina tsarukano
• Kukurumidza kufema
• Zviratidzo zvekutambudzika kana kushushikana mumwana (kazhinji zvinokanganisa colic)

Zviratidzo zvinogona kuoneka mukati memwedzi miviri yekutanga yehupenyu hwemwana.

Kazhinji, ALCAPA inoonekwa panguva yehucheche. Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitika, hurema uhwu hahuwanikwe kuongororwa kusvikira mumwe munhu ave mwana kana mukuru.

Munguva yebvunzo, mupi wezvehutano anogona kuwana zviratidzo zveALCAPA, zvinosanganisira:

• Abnormal moyo mutinhimira
• Wakawedzera moyo
• Kugunun'una kwemoyo (zvisingawanzoitika)
• Kukurumidza kupisa

Miedzo inogona kurairwa inosanganisira:

• Echocardiogram, inova iyo ultrasound inotarisisa mamiriro emoyo uye kuyerera kweropa mukati memwoyo
• Electrocardiogram (ECG), iyo inoyera mashandiro emagetsi emoyo
• Chest x-ray
• MRI, iyo inopa yakajeka mufananidzo wemoyo
• Catheterization yemoyo, maitiro ayo akaonda chubhu (catheter) inoiswa mukati memwoyo kuti uone kuyerera kweropa uye kutora zviyero chaizvo zvekumanikidza kweropa uye nemazinga eoksijeni

Kuvhiya kunodiwa kugadzirisa ALCAPA. Kuvhiya kumwe chete kunodiwa mune dzakawanda zviitiko. Zvisinei, kuvhiyiwa kunoenderana nemamiriro emwana uye saizi yemidziyo yeropa inobatanidzwa.

Kana mhasuru yemwoyo inotsigira mitral vharuvhu yakakuvara zvakanyanya kubva pakaderera oxygen, mwana angangoda kuvhiyiwa kuti agadzirise kana kutsiva vharuvhu. Iyo mitral vharuvhu inodzora kuyerera kweropa pakati pemakamuri kuruboshwe kwemoyo.

Kuiswa kwemoyo kunogona kuitwa kana moyo wemwana ukakuvara zvakanyanya nekuda kwekushaya oxygen.

Mishonga inoshandiswa inosanganisira:

• Mapiritsi emvura (diuretics)
• Zvinodhaka zvinoita kuti moyo wemhasuru pombi uome (inotropic vamiririri)
• Zvinodhaka zvinoderedza basa repamoyo (beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors)

Pasina kurapwa, vana vazhinji havapone gore ravo rekutanga. Vana vanorarama vasina kurapwa vanogona kunge vaine matambudziko akakomba emoyo. Vacheche vane dambudziko iri vasina kurapwa vanogona kufa kamwe kamwe mukati memakore anotevera.

Nokurapwa kwekutanga senge kuvhiyiwa, vana vazhinji vanoita zvakanaka uye vanogona kutarisira hupenyu hwakajairika. Maitiro ekuteedzera-kumusoro neane moyo nyanzvi (cardiologist) anodikanwa.

Zvinetso zveALCAPA zvinosanganisira:

• Kumira kurova kwemoyo
• Kutadza kwemoyo
• Matambudziko emoyo mutinhimira
• Kukuvara zvachose kune moyo

Fonera mupiki wako kana mwana wako:

• Ari kufema nekukurumidza
• Inotaridzika kuchena
• Zvinoita sekutambudzika uye kuchema kazhinji

Anomalous mavambo eruboshwe coronary arteri inomuka kubva pulmonary arteri; ALCAPA; ALCAPA chirwere; Bland-White-Garland chirwere; Kuberekwa kwemoyo kukanganisa - ALCAPA; Kuremara kwekuzvarwa - ALCAPA

• Anomful akasiya artery coronary

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Johnson JT, Harris M, Anderson RH, Spicer DE, Jacobs M, Tweddll JS, et al. Kuberekwa coronary anomalies. Muna: Wernovsky G, Anderson RH, Kumar K, et al. Anderson's Pediatric Cardiology. 4th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chits. 46.

Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM. Zvimwe zvekuzvarwa kwemoyo uye vascular malformations. Mune: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Chinyorwa chePediatrics. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chitsamba 459.