Pituitary adenoma: chii, zvikonzero zvikuru uye kurapwa

Zvemukati

• Zviratidzo zvikuru
• 1. Lactotrophic adenoma
• 2. Somatotrophic adenoma
• 3. Corticotrophic adenoma
• 4. Gonadotrophic adenoma
• 5. Thyrotrophic adenoma
• 6. Isiri-yekuviga adenoma
• Zvinokonzera pituitary adenoma
• Maitiro ekusimbisa kuongororwa
• Kurapwa kunoitwa sei
• Kuvhiya
• Mishonga

Pituitary adenoma, inozivikanwawo sepituitary adenoma, rudzi rwehunhu hwepituitary bundu, inova gland iri muuropi uye inoitisa kudzora kugadzirwa kwemahormone akadai secortisol, prolactin, kukura kwehomoni uye mahormone ayo anokurudzira kushanda kwemazai uye machende. , Semuyenzaniso.

Rudzi urwu rwebundu haruwanzo uye, nekuti rakaipa, haruise hupenyu panjodzi, zvisinei zvinogona kukonzeresa zviratidzo zvinoderedza hunhu hwehupenyu sekushaya mbereko, kudzikira libido, kugadzirwa kwemukaka kana zviratidzo zvetsinga senge kutemwa nemusoro kana kurasikirwa zvishoma chiratidzo.

Pese panowoneka zviratidzo izvo zvinogona kuratidza adenoma mune iyo pituitary gland, zvakakosha kuti ubvunze endocrinologist, neurologist kana oncologist kuti uite ekuongorora bvunzo, uone dambudziko uye kutanga kurapwa kwakakodzera kwazvo.

Zviratidzo zvikuru

Muzviitiko zvakawanda, zviratidzo zvakajairika zvepituitary adenoma zvinorwadza musoro, kuderera kwemaonero, kuderera kwekuda kwepabonde uye shanduko yekuenda kumwedzi kune vakadzi.

Nekudaro, kune zvimwe zviratidzo zvinogona kuoneka uye zvinosiyana maererano nerudzi rwehormone iyo yakakanganiswa neadenoma:

1. Lactotrophic adenoma

Lactotrophic pituitary adenoma inoratidzirwa ne hyperprolactinemia, ndiko kuwedzera kwehomoni prolactin, inoitisa kugadzirwa kwemukaka. Mumhando iyi yeadenoma chiratidzo chikuru ndechekugadzirwa kwemukaka mumazamu evarume kana vakadzi vasiri kuyamwisa.

Uye zvakare, zvimwe zviratidzo zvinogona kuitika zvakadzikira chishuwo chebonde, kushaya mbereko, shanduko yekuenda kumwedzi kana kushaya simba muvanhurume.

2. Somatotrophic adenoma

Somatotrophic pituitary adenoma inozivikanwa nekuwedzera kugadzirwa kwekukura kwehomoni uye inogona kukonzera kukura muhukuru uye ukobvu hweminwe nezvigunwe, kuwedzera kuwedzera pahuma, shaya nemhino zvinoshandura chimiro chechiso. Aya mamiriro anozivikanwa seacromegaly, mune vanhu vakuru, kana gigantism, muvana.

Uye zvakare, zvimwe zviratidzo zvinogona kuitika zvinosanganisira kurwadziwa pamwe chete, kushaya simba kwemhasuru, kushomeka kwekushuva bonde, shanduko yekuenda kumwedzi, kuwedzerwa kugadzirwa kwe sweat kana kuneta.

3. Corticotrophic adenoma

Corticotrophic pituitary adenoma ine chekuita nekuwedzera kugadzirwa kwehormone cortisol, inoitisa kuti uwedzere huwandu hweropa uye kuisa mafuta munyama nenhengo.

Kazhinji, rudzi urwu rwepituitary adenoma runogona kukonzera Cushing's syndrome iyo inokonzeresa zviratidzo zvekukurumidza kuwedzera uremu, kuunganidzwa kwemafuta kumeso nekumusana, kushomeka kwemhasuru, bvudzi panzeve uye nematambudziko eganda senge acne nekupora kwakashata, semuenzaniso.

Uye zvakare, iyi mhando yepituitary adenoma inogona kukonzera kushushikana uye kushanduka kwemanzwiro.

4. Gonadotrophic adenoma

Gonadotrophic pituitary adenoma inoenderana nekuwedzera kugadzirwa kwehomoni dzinodzora ovulation muvakadzi uye kugadzirwa kwemurume muvarume. Nekudaro, urwu rudzi rwepituitary adenoma haruna chaiwo zviratidzo.

5. Thyrotrophic adenoma

Thyrotrophic adenoma rudzi rwepituitary adenoma umo mune kuwedzera kwekugadzirwa kwehormone mahormone ayo anogona kukonzera hyperthyroidism. Zviratidzo zverudzi urwu rwepituitary adenoma zvinosanganisira kuwedzera kurova kwemoyo, kutya, kushushikana, kuonda, kudedera kana kuratidzira kweziso reziso, semuenzaniso.

6. Isiri-yekuviga adenoma

Isiri-yakavanzika pituitary adenoma rudzi rwepituitary adenoma iyo isingavhiringidze kugadzirwa kwehomoni, haikonzere kuwedzera kwemahormone uye kazhinji hairatidze zviratidzo. Nekudaro, kana iyo adenoma ikaramba ichikura, inogona kumanikidza pituitary gland uye inoguma neshanduko yemahormone.

Zvinokonzera pituitary adenoma

Zvinokonzera pituitary adenoma hazvisati zvazivikanwa, zvisinei zvimwe zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kuti rudzi urwu rwebundu runogona kuitika nekuda kweshanduko muDNA yemasero kana mune vanhu vane zvimwe zvinenjodzi senge:

• Akawanda endocrine neoplasia: ichi chirwere hachiwanzo kuwanikwa nhaka chinokonzerwa neshanduko muDNA inokonzeresa bundu kana kuwedzera kukura kwezvipenga zvakasiyana mumuviri, kusanganisira pituitary gland, inogona kuwedzera njodzi yepituitary adenoma;
• McCune-Albright chirwere: ichi chisingawanzoitika genetiki syndrome inoitika nekuda kweshanduko muDNA uye inogona kukonzera shanduko mukugadzirwa kwemahormone epituitary gland uye, kuwedzera kumatambudziko ari mumapfupa neganda;
• Carney Complex: iyo isingawanzo yemhuri genetial malignant syndrome iyo inogona kukonzeresa pituitary adenoma uye mamwe anosangana nekenza senge prostate kana thyroid uye ovarian cysts.

Uye zvakare, kuratidzwa kwemwaranzi kunogona kuwedzera njodzi yekuchinja muDNA uye kukura kwepituitary adenoma.

Maitiro ekusimbisa kuongororwa

Kuongororwa kwepituitary adenoma kunoitwa nachiremba wezveuropi kana oncologist zvinoenderana nezviratidzo uye bvunzo dzemarabhoritari kuongorora huwandu hwehomoni uye inosanganisira:

• Cortisol mune weti, mate kana ropa;
• Luteotrophic hormone uye follicle inosimudzira mahormone muropa;
• Prolactin muropa;
• Glycemic munyonga;
• Utachiona mahormone akaita seTSH, T3 uye T4 muropa.

Uye zvakare, kuti asimbise kuongororwa, chiremba anogona kukumbira MRI yepituitary gland.

Kurapwa kunoitwa sei

Kurapa kwepituitary adenoma kunogona kuitwa nekushandisa mishonga kana kuvhiyiwa uye zvinoenderana nerudzi rweadenoma uye saizi yebundu.

Kuvhiya

Kuvhiya kunoratidzwa kana iyo pituitary adenoma isiri-yekuvanzika uye yakakura kudarika 1 cm. Uye zvakare, mune iyi kesi kurapwa kwekuvhiya kunongoratidzwa chete kana chiratidzo chekurasikirwa kana shanduko muchiono chikaitika.

Kana iyo isina-yekuviga bundu iri pasi pe1 cm kana isina zviratidzo, kurapwa kunoitwa nekugara uchiongorora zvekurapa uye nemagineti resonance imaging yekuyera kukura kwechironda nekufamba kwenguva. kana zvichidikanwa, chiremba anogona kukurudzira kushandiswa kwemushonga kana kuvhiyiwa.

Uye zvakare, kune pituitary adenomas mune iyo kukura mahormone kana cortisol inoshanduka, kuvhiyiwa kunogona zvakare kuratidzwa, pamwe nekushandiswa kwemishonga.

Mishonga

Iyo mishonga inoshandiswa kurapa adenoma inosiyana nemhando yeadenoma uye inosanganisira:

• Pegvisomanto, octreotide kana lanreotide: yakaratidzirwa kune somatotrophic adenoma;
• Ketoconazole kana mitotane: yakaratidza corticotrophic adenoma;
• Cabergoline kana bromocriptine: yakaratidzirwa kune lactotrophic adenoma.

Uye zvakare, chiremba anogona kukurudzira radiotherapy mune kesi dze somatotrophic kana corticotrophic adenoma.