Antibiogram: maitiro anoitwa uye maitiro ekunzwisisa mhedzisiro

Zvemukati

• Maitiro ekurwisa mabhakitiriya
• Uroculture ine antibiogram
• Maitiro ekududzira mhedzisiro
• Sei zvichikosha kuti utarise mushonga unorwisa mabhakitiriya?

Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, inozivikanwawo seAntimicrobial Sensitivity Test (TSA), bvunzo inovavarira kuona kunzwisisika uye kuramba kwehutachiona hwehutachiona nefungi kumishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya. Kubudikidza nemhedzisiro yeiyo antibiotic, chiremba anogona kuratidza kuti ndeupi mushonga unorwisa utachiona wakanyanya kunaka kubata chirwere chemunhu, nekudaro achidzivirira kushandiswa kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya isingarwise hutachiona, pamusoro pekudzivirira kubuda kwekurwisa.

Kazhinji, mushonga unorwisa mabhakitiriya unoitwa mushure mekuonekwa kwehutachiona muhuwandu hwakawanda muropa, weti, mutsvina uye nyama. Nekudaro, zvinoenderana neyakaonekwa microorganism uye nehunyanzvi chimiro, chiremba anogona kuratidza kurapwa kwakanyanya.

Maitiro ekurwisa mabhakitiriya

Kuti aite antibiotic, chiremba anozokumbira kuunganidzwa kwezvinhu zvakasikwa zvakadai seropa, weti, mate, phlegm, tsvina kana masero kubva kunhengo yakasvibiswa nehutachiona. Aya masampuli anozotumirwa kuirabhoriyumu yehutachiona kuti iongororwe nekurimwa muchimiro chetsika chinofarira kukura kwebhakitiriya kana fungal.

Mushure mekukura, iyo microorganism yakasarudzika uye inoitwa kuongororwa bvunzo kuti isvike kumagumo ehutachiona hunotungamira hutachiona. Mushure mekupatsanurwa, iyo antibiotiki inoitwawo kuitira kuti kunzwisisika uye kupokana kweiyo yakazivikanwa microorganism, iyo inogona kuitwa nenzira mbiri:

• Agar Kusiyanisa Antibiogram: Mune maitiro aya, madiki mapepa mapepa ane maantibhakitiriya akasiyana anoiswa mundiro ine yakakodzera tsika yepakati kuti kukura kwechirwere chinotapukira. Mushure memazuva maviri kana maviri mugreenhouse, zvinokwanisika kucherechedza kana iwe kana iwe uchinzwa kukura kwakatenderedza disc. Mukushayikwa kwekukura, zvinonzi iyo microorganism inonetsekana nemushonga unorwisa mabhakitiriya, uchionekwa sewakakodzera pakurapa hutachiona;
• Dilution-based antibiotic: mune ino maitiro pane mudziyo une akati wandei dilution yemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya ane madosi akasiyana, uko kunoiswa hutachiona huchaongororwa, uye iyo Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (CMI) yemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya. Mudziyo umo musina kukura kwehutachiona hwakaonekwa unoenderana nedosi yemushonga unorwisa mabhakitiriya unofanirwa kushandiswa pakurapa, sezvo uchidzivirira kukura kwehutachiona.

Parizvino mumarabhoritari, mushonga unorwisa mabhakitiriya unoitwa nechishandiso kunoitwa kuyedzwa kwekushora pamwe nehunyanzvi. Chirevo chakaburitswa nemidziyo chinozivisa kuti ndeapi maantibhakitiriya anorwisa hutachiona aisapikiswa nawo uye aishanda pakurwisa hutachiona uye mune kusangana kupi.

Uroculture ine antibiogram

Urinary turakiti hutachiona ndeimwe yeanonyanya kutapukirwa mumadzimai, kunyanya, uye mune varume. Nechikonzero ichi, zvakajairika kuti vanachiremba vakumbire mukuwedzera kune yerudzi rwekutanga weti bvunzo, iyo EAS, uye tsika yemurini inoperekedzwa nemushonga. Nenzira iyi, chiremba anokwanisa kutarisa kana paine shanduko mune weti iyo inoratidza matambudziko eitsvo, kuburikidza neEAS, uye kuvepo kwefungus kana mabhakitiriya muurinary turakiti iyo inogona kuratidza hutachiona, kuburikidza netsika yemurini.

Kana kuvapo kwebhakitiriya mumurini kuchiongororwa, mushonga unoitwa zvinotevera kuitira kuti chiremba azive kuti mushonga upi unokodzera kurapwa. Nekudaro, mune kesi yehutachiona hwehutachiona, kurapwa kwemaantibhakitiriya kunokurudzirwa chete kana munhu aine zviratidzo zvekudzivirira kukura kwehutachiona hwekushora.

Nzwisisa kuti tsika yetsvina inogadzirwa sei.

Maitiro ekududzira mhedzisiro

Mhedzisiro yeantibhakitiriya inogona kutora kusvika pamazuva matatu kusvika mashanu uye inowanikwa nekuongorora zvinoitwa nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya pakukura kwemajemusi. Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inodzivirira kukura kwehutachiona ndiyo inoratidzirwa kurapa hutachiona, asi kana paine kukura, zvinoratidza kuti hutachiona huri kutaurwa hahune hanya nemushonga unorwisa mabhakitiriya, ndokuti.

Mhedzisiro yeantibhakitiriya inofanira kududzirwa nachiremba, uyo anoona kukosha kweMinimum Inhibitory Concentration, inonziwo CMI kana MIC, uye / kana hupamhi hweiyo inhibition halo, zvichienderana nemuyedzo wakaitwa. IMC inoenderana nehuremu hwemushonga unorwisa mabhakitiriya unokwanisa kudzivisa kukura kwehutachiona uye zvinoenderana nematanho Clinical uye Laboratory Standards Institute, CLSI, uye inogona kusiyana zvichienderana nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inofanira kuongororwa uye hutachiona hwakaonekwa.

Muchiitiko cheagar diffusion antibiotiki, uko mapepa ane kumwe kuunganidzwa kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya akaiswa mune yepakati tsika neiyo microorganism, mushure mekubatanidzwa kweanenge maawa gumi nesere zvinokwanisika kuona kuvepo kana kwete kwekudzivirira halos. Kubva pahukuru hwehupamhi hweiyo halos, zvinokwanisika kuongorora kana hutachiona husingaite, hunowanikwa, huri pakati kana husinga gadzikane nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya.

Mhedzisiro yacho inofanirwa zvakare kududzirwa zvichienderana nekugadzwa kweiyo CLSI, iyo inosarudzira iyo yekuyedzwa bvunzo yeiyo Escherichia coli kuna Ampicillin, semuenzaniso, iyo inhibition halo isingasviki kana yakaenzana ne13 mm inoratidza kuti bhakitiriya rinopesana nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya uye kuti halo yakaenzana kana yakakura kupfuura 17 mm inoratidza kuti hutachiona hwacho hunonzwisisa. Dzidza zvakawanda nezve mhedzisiro yeti weti netsika nemushonga.

Nekudaro, zvinoenderana nemhedzisiro yehutachiona, chiremba anogona kuratidza mushonga unoshanda kwazvo kurwisa hutachiona.

Sei zvichikosha kuti utarise mushonga unorwisa mabhakitiriya?

Iko kushandiswa kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya isina kukodzera uye inoshanda kune hutachiona kunonoka kupora kwemunhu, zvishoma zvinorapa hutachiona uye zvinofarira kuvandudzwa kwehutachiona hwekudzivirira nzira, zvichiita kuti hutachiona huome kurapwa.

Nechikonzero chimwe chete ichi, zvakakosha kuti usashandise mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya pasina nhungamiro yachiremba uye zvisina basa, nekuti izvi zvinogona kupedzisira zvasarudza tupukanana tusingaurayiwi nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, zvichideredza sarudzo dzemishonga yekurwisa hutachiona