Chii chinonzi Antifungal Zvinodhaka?

Zvemukati

• Mashandiro avo
• Mhando antifungal zvinodhaka
• Azoles
• Polyenes
• Allylamines
• Echinocandins
• Miscellaneous
• Fungal zvirwere
• Zviratidzo zvehutachiona hutachiona
• Zviratidzo zveakakomba fungal hutachiona
• Nguva yekuona chiremba
• Chinokosha

Fungi inogona kuwanikwa pasi rese mune ese marudzi enharaunda. Mazhinji mafungi haakonzeri chirwere muvanhu. Nekudaro, mamwe marudzi anogona kutapurira vanhu uye achikonzera kurwara.

Antifungal zvinodhaka mishonga inoshandiswa kurapa hutachiona hutachiona. Kunyange hutachiona hwakawanda hukanganisa nzvimbo dzakadai seganda nezvipikiri, dzimwe dzinogona kutungamira kune dzakakomba uye dzinogona kutyisidzira hupenyu senge meningitis kana pneumonia.

Kune mhando dzinoverengeka dzemishonga inorwisa antifungal inowanikwa kurwisa hutachiona hutachiona.

Mashandiro avo

Kazhinji kutaura, antifungal zvinodhaka zvinogona kushanda munzira mbiri: nekuuraya zvakananga fungal masero kana nekudzivirira fungal maseru kubva mukukura uye kubudirira. Asi vanozviita sei izvi?

Antifungal zvinodhaka zvinotarisa zvivakwa kana mashandiro anodikanwa mumaseru efungal asi kwete mumasero emunhu, saka anogona kurwisa hutachiona hwefungal pasina kukuvadza maseru emuviri wako.

Zvivakwa zviviri zvinowanzo tarisirwa ndeye fungal cell membrane uye iyo fungal cell madziro. Ose ari maviri maumbirwo akakomberedza uye anochengetedza fungal cell. Kana imwe ikashatiswa, iyo fungus sero inogona kuputika yakavhurika uye kufa.

Mhando antifungal zvinodhaka

Antifungal zvinodhaka zvakasiyana kwazvo. Vanogona kupihwa nemuromo, sekurapa kwemusoro, kana kuburikidza IV. Mashandiro anoita antifungal mushonga zvinoenderana nezvinhu zvakaita seicho chinodhaka, rudzi rwehutachiona hwauinaro, uye kuomarara kwehutachiona hwako.

Antifungal zvinodhaka zvinoratidzirwa nekemikari yavo uye mashandiro avo. Pazasi, isu tichakurukura dzakasiyana mhando dzekudzivirira mishonga uye tipe mimwe mienzaniso yemhando dzehutachiona hwavanorapa.

Azoles

Azoles mamwe eanonyanya kushandiswa antifungal. Ivo vanopindira ne enzyme yakakosha mukugadzira iyo fungal cell membrane. Nekuda kweizvi, membrane yesero inova isina kugadzikana uye inogona kudonha, pakupedzisira ichizounza kufa kwesero.

Kune maviri masekisheni eazole antifungals: imidazoles uye triazoles.

Mienzaniso yeimidazole antifungals uye mamiriro avanorapa ndeaya:

• Ketoconazole: hutachiona hweganda nemvere, Candida hutachiona hweganda uye mucous membranes, blastomycosis, histoplasmosis
• Clotrimazole: ganda uye mucous membrane hutachiona
• Miconazole: ganda uye mucous membrane hutachiona

Mimwe mienzaniso yematatu uye mamiriro avanorapa ndeaya:

• Fluconazole:Candida hutachiona, kusanganisira mucosal, systemic, uye hutachiona hutachiona; cryptococcosis
• Itraconazole: aspergillosis, blastomycosis, histoplasmosis, mucosal Candida hutachiona, coccidioidomycosis (off-label), uye onychomycosis
• Posaconazole: aspergillosis (off-label for kurapwa), mucosal uye invasive Candida zvirwere
• Voriconazole: aspergillosis, mucosal kana invasive Candida hutachiona, hutachiona Fusarium mhando
• Isavuconazole: aspergillosis uye mucormycosis

Polyenes

Polyenes anouraya fungal masero nekuita iyo fungal maseru madziro awedzere kuputika, izvo zvinoita kuti fungal sero rikwanise kuputika.

Mimwe mienzaniso ye polyene antifungals ndeiyi:

• Amphotericin B: akasiyana mafomu aripo ekurapa aspergillosis, blastomycosis, cryptococcosis, histoplasmosis (off-label), mucosal kana invasive Candida hutachiona, uye coccidioidomycosis
• Nystatin:Candida hutachiona hweganda nemuromo

Allylamines

Kufanana neazole antifungals, allylamines anopindira enzyme iyo inobatanidzwa mukugadzirwa kwefungal cell membrane. Mumwe muenzaniso weallylamine ndeye terbinafine, iyo inowanzo shandiswa kurapa fungal hutachiona hweganda.

Echinocandins

Echinocandins rudzi rutsva rwemishonga inorwisa antifungal. Dzinodzivisa enzyme iyo inobatanidzwa mukugadzirwa kwefungal cell rusvingo.

Mimwe mienzaniso yeechinocandins ndeiyi:

• Anidulafungin: mucosal uye inoparadza Candida zvirwere
• Caspofungin: mucosal uye inoparadza Candida zvirwere, aspergillosis
• Micafungin: mucosal uye inoparadza Candida zvirwere

Miscellaneous

Kune mamwewo mamwe marudzi emishonga inorwisa fungus. Idzi dzine nzira dzakasiyana nemhando dzatambotaura pamusoro apa.

Flucytosine antifungal inodzivirira iyo fungal cell kubva pakugadzira nucleic acids uye mapuroteni. Nekuda kweizvi, sero haichagone kukura nekukura. Flucytosine inogona kushandiswa kurapa systemic hutachiona ne Candida kana Cryptococcus mhando.

Griseofulvin inoshanda kudzivirira iyo fungal sero kubva pakupatsanuka kuti ibudise mamwe maseru. Inogona kushandiswa kurapa hutachiona hweganda, bvudzi, uye zvipikiri.

Fungal zvirwere

Kune akawanda marudzi efungal hutachiona. Iwe unogona kuwana hutachiona hutachiona nekusangana nefungus kana fungal spores izvo zviripo mune zvakatipoteredza.

Zvimwe zvehutachiona hwakajairika zvakanyanya ndezveganda, nzara, uye mucous membranes. Mienzaniso inosanganisira:

• 

  Zviratidzo zvehutachiona hutachiona

  Zviratidzo zveimwe yemhando dzakajairika dzehutachiona hunogona kusanganisira:

  • Ringworm yemuviri: ane scaly, ingangoita itchy ringi-yakaita rash pane yako torso, maoko, kana makumbo
  • Mhete yeganda remusoro: nzvimbo dzakagadziriswa scaly patches, pustules, kana mabwe pamucheka wako izvo zvinonzwika uye zvinogona kunge zvakapfava uye zvinoguma nekurasikirwa nevhudzi
  • Rutsoka rwemutambi: ganda rine ganda pazasi petsoka dzako
  • Jock kuvava: iyo inopenya, yakatsvuka kuputika iyo inoonekwa munzvimbo yako yekugomera uye pahudyu yako yemukati
  • Chipikiri chakuvhe: nzara dzinova dzinopenya ruvara, dzakapwanyika, uye dzakaremara
  • Vaginal mbiriso hutachiona: kuchenesa, kutsvuka, uye kuzvimba munzvimbo yemukadzi - gobvu chena yemadzimai kubuda uye kupisa kunonzwa paunenge uchiita weti
  • Oral thrush: kukura kwezvironda zvichena mumuromo mako zvinogona zvakare kuve zvakatsvuka uye zvinorwadza

  Zviratidzo zveakakomba fungal hutachiona

  Zviratidzo zvehumwe hutachiona hwakakomba hwefungus hunogona kusiyana zvichienderana nekuti ndedzipi mhando dzefungi dziri kukonzera hutachiona nenzvimbo yemuviri wako iri kukanganiswa.

  Vanogona kusanganisira zvinhu zvakaita se:

  • kupindwa nechando
  • husiku hweziya
  • dzihwa-senge zviratidzo, senge kutemwa nemusoro, kuneta, uye muviri kurwadziwa uye kurwadziwa
  • kufema zviratidzo sekukosora uye kufema kwekufema
  • zviratidzo zvehurume, sekutemwa nemusoro zvakanyanya, mutsipa wakaomarara, uye nekunzwa kupepuka

  Nguva yekuona chiremba

  Ita musangano nachiremba wako kana:

  • over-the-counter (OTC) antifungals haisati yashanda kubvisa zviratidzo zvehutachiona senge mhombwe, nzwara fungus, kana kusangana nekutsi kwemukadzi mbiriso hutachiona
  • zvisina kutsanangurwa machena maronda anokura mumuromo mako
  • une fivhiri, furu-kunge zviratidzo, kana kuwedzera kukurumidza uye / kana iwe unofungidzira hutachiona hutachiona

  Kune zvimwe zviratidzo zvekuti iwe unofanirwa kugara uchitsvaga kurapwa nekukurumidza

  Izvi zvinosanganisira:

  • kurwadziwa pachipfuva
  • kunetseka kufema
  • kukosora ropa
  • zviratidzo zve meningitis, senge yakanyanya kurwadziwa nemusoro, kuomesa mutsipa, uye kupusa kwekunzwa
  • kusanzwisisika kuonda, kupisa muviri, kana kutonhora

  Chinokosha

  Antifungal zvinodhaka zvinoshandiswa kurapa hutachiona hutachiona. Vanotarisa maitiro uye zvimiro zvakasarudzika kune fungi kuitira kuuraya fungal masero kana kudzivirira iwo kubva mukukura.

  Kune mhando dzakawanda dzemishonga inorwisa fungal, uye inogona kupihwa nenzira dzakasiyana. Mhando yemushonga unoshandiswa uye nemabatirwo ainoitwa anogona kuvimba nemushonga uye mhando uye kuomarara kwehutachiona.

  Kunyange mhando zhinji dzefungal hutachiona dzichirapwa zviri nyore, dzimwe dzinogona kuve dzakakomba. Ona chiremba wako kana hutachiona hutachiona husingaendi nemushonga weOTC kana kana iwe uchifungidzira kuti une hutachiona hwakanyanya.