Chii chinonzi kurara, chikuru zviratidzo uye kurapwa

Zvemukati

• Zviratidzo zvikuru
• Maitiro ekuongororwa kunoitwa
• Iyo inopfuudzwa sei
• Kurapa nzira

Kurara kurwara, kunozivikanwa nesainzi sevanhu vemu Africa trypanosomiasis, chirwere chinokonzerwa neprotozoan Trypanosoma brucei gambiense uyerhodesiense, ichiparadzirwa nekurumwa nenhunzi inonzi tsetse, iyo inowanzo kuwanikwa munyika dzemu Africa.

Zviratidzo zvechirwere ichi zvinowanzoonekwa mushure memavhiki mashoma mushure mekurumwa, zvisinei, zvinogona kutora mwedzi yakati wandei kuti zvioneke uye izvi zvinoenderana nemhando yenhunzi uye mhinduro yemuviri wemunhu kune microorganism, semuenzaniso.

Kana zviratidzo zvangoonekwa zvakakosha kuti ubvunze chiremba mukuru, nekuti mushure mekuongorora chirwere chekurara chinofanirwa kutanga kurapwa nekukasira, nekuti kana ikashanduka yakawanda inogona kuisa hupenyu hwemunhu panjodzi, nekuda kwe kukuvara kunokonzerwa nehutachiona muhurongwa hwemitsipa uye dzakasiyana nzvimbo dzehuropi.

Zviratidzo zvikuru

Zviratidzo zvehope dzekurara zvinosiyana kubva pamunhu kuenda kumunhu uye zvinoenderana nedanho rechirwere, senge:

• Chikamu chakatemwa: padanho rino, zvinokwanisika kucherechedza matsvuku mapuru paganda, iro rinobva ranyanya uye rova ​​chironda chinorwadza, chakasviba, chakazvimba chinonzi cancer. Chiratidzo ichi chinowoneka mushure memavhiki maviri mushure mekurumwa nhunzi, inowanzoonekwa nevarungu uye isingawanzoonekwa kune vanhu vatema;
• Hemolymphatic nhanho: mushure memwedzi wekurumwa kwechipembenene, iyo microorganism inosvika kune lymphatic system uye neropa, zvichitungamira pakuonekwa kwemvura mumutsipa, kurwadziwa nemusoro, kupisa uye nzvimbo dzvuku dzakapararira mumuviri wese;
• Meningo-encephalitic danho: ndiyo danho repamberi rekurara uye kukotsira, umo protozoan inosvika pakati pehurongwa hwemitsipa, zvichikonzera kukuvara kwehuropi kunoonekwa nekuonekwa kwekuvhiringidzika kwepfungwa, kurara zvakanyanya, shanduko mumaitiro uye matambudziko nehuremu hwomuviri.

Pamusoro pezvo, chirwere chekurara chinogona kukonzera dzimwe shanduko mumuviri, senge kusagadzikana mumoyo, mapfupa nechiropa, uye zvakare kunogona kukonzera mamwe marudzi ezvirwere zvakaita semabayo, malaria. Tarisa uone zvakawanda nezve huru zviratidzo zvemarariya.

Maitiro ekuongororwa kunoitwa

Kuongororwa kwehurwere hwekurara kunoitwa nekuita kuongororwa kweropa kuongorora kuti kune mamwe mapuroteni, anonzi IgM immunoglobulins, uye kuona kana paine masoja ekudzivirira anotenderera muropa. Kana munhu aine chirwere chekurara, kuongororwa kweropa kunogona zvakare kuve nedzimwe shanduko senge anemia uye monocytosis. Ona zvimwe nezve chii chinonzi monocytosis.

Vanhu vane fungidziro yekurwara vanofanirwa kutora mwongo wemapfupa uye kuputika kwechiuno kuti vaongorore, murabhoritari, kusvika pakasvika protozoa muropa uye nehuropi uyezve kushanda kuverenga maseru ekudzivirira ari mucerebrospinal fluid, inova iyo mvura iyo inotenderera muhurongwa hwetsinga.

Iyo inopfuudzwa sei

Nzira yakajairika yekutapurirana kwehosha yekurara ndeyekurumwa nenhunzi, kubva kumhuri Glossinidae. Mune zvimwe zviitiko zvisingawanzoitika, hutachiona hunogona zvakare kusimuka nekuda kwekurumwa kweimwe mhando yenhunzi kana umhutu, hwakamboruma munhu akabatwa neprotozoan, semuenzaniso.

Iyo tsetse fly inowanikwa kazhinji mumaruwa eAfrica, munzvimbo dzinowanikwa zvinomera zvakawanda, kupisa uye hunyoro hwakanyanya. Kana ichinge yatapukirwa, nhunzi iyi inotakura hutachiona kwehupenyu hwayo hwese, uye inogona kusvibisa vanhu vakati wandei.

Naizvozvo, zvakakosha kutora mamwe matanho ekudzivirira kurumwa ne tsetse fly, senge:

• Pfeka zvipfeko zvine maoko marefu, zvinonyanya kuve zvemavara, nekuti nhunzi inokwezva nemavara akajeka;
• Dzivisa kuva pedyo negwenzi, nekuti nhunzi inogona kugara mumakwenzi madiki;
• Shandisa zvipembenene zvinodzinga, kunyanya kubvisa dzimwe mhando dzenhunzi nehumhutu hunogona kutapurira chirwere ichi.

Uye zvakare, hutachiona hwehutachiona hunogona zvakare kubva kuna amai kuenda kuvana, hunobva pakurumwa netsaona netsono dzakashatiswa kana kuitika mushure mehukama hwepedyo pasina kondomu.

Kurapa nzira

Kurapa kunosiyana zvichienderana nezera remunhu uye zvinoenderana nedanho rekushanduka kwechirwere, uye kana chikarapwa chisati chakanganisa hurongwa hwepakati, mishonga inoshandiswa haina hukasha, senge pentamidine kana suramine. Nekudaro, kana chirwere ichi chave chemberi, zvinodikanwa kushandisa madhiragi akasimba ane mamwe mhedzisiro, senge melarsoprol, eflornithine kana nifurtimox, inofanirwa kupihwa muchipatara.

Mushonga uyu unofanirwa kuenderera mberi kudzamara hutachiona hwabviswa zvachose mumuviri uye, nekudaro, ropa uye zvimwe mvura yemumuviri zvinofanirwa kudzokororwa kuona kuti hutachiona hwabviswa zvachose.Mushure meizvozvo, zvinodikanwa kuti urambe wakarinda kwemwedzi makumi maviri nemana, uchiona zviratidzo uye uchiita bvunzo dzese, kuona kuti chirwere hachionekwizve.