Kupindirana kwezvinodhaka: Nongedzo yeVatengi

Zvemukati

• Chii chinonzi kusangana kwemishonga?
• Mhando dzekudyidzana kwezvinodhaka
• Zvinodhaka-zvinodhaka
• Zvinodhaka-zvisina kunyorwa kurapwa
• Zvinodhaka-chikafu
• Zvinodhaka-doro
• Chirwere-chirwere
• Zvinodhaka-murabhoritari
• Zvimwe zvinhu mukubatana kwezvinodhaka
• Genetics
• Kurema
• Zera
• Zvepabonde (murume kana mukadzi)
• Mararamiro (kudya uye kurovedza muviri)
• Inguva yakareba sei mushonga uri mumuviri wako
• Une nguva yakareba sei uchitora mushonga
• Dosi
• Mashandisiro anoita mushonga kana kupihwa
• Kuumbwa
• Iwo marongero ayo mishonga inotorwa
• Kuverenga zvinyorwa zvemishonga
• OTC zvinyorwa zvemishonga
• Zvinyorwa zvekunyorera zvinodhaka
• Kudzidza zvakawanda nezve kudyidzana kwezvinodhaka

Tiri kurarama munyika mune zvinodhaka zvisingabviri kurapa mamiriro mazhinji airatidzika seasina kubatika munguva yakapfuura.

Mune chirevo chakatarisa kushandiswa kwemushonga weU.S.kushandisa zvinodhaka mugore ra2013 kusvika 2016, iyo Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) yakawana kuti inofungidzirwa kuti vekuAmerican vakashandisa kamwe chete mushonga mumazuva makumi matatu apfuura.

Zvinokurudzira kuziva kuti pane sarudzo dzekugadzirisa dzakawanda dzezvirwere zvedu zvakajairika. Nekudaro, kuwanikwa kunoshamisa kwemishonga kunowedzerawo mukana wekupindirana kwezvinodhaka.

Chii chinonzi kusangana kwemishonga?

Kusangana kwezvinodhaka kunosanganisira musanganiswa wemushonga nezvimwe zvinhu zvinoshandura zvinoitika zvemushonga pamuviri. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kuti mishonga ive shoma kana kuti iwedzere simba pane zvaitarisirwa kana kukonzera mhedzisiro isingatarisirwe.

Kana iwe ukashandisa akawanda mishonga, uine mamwe mamiriro ehutano, kana kuona anopfuura mumwe chete chiremba, iwe unofanirwa kunyanya kufunga nezvemishonga yako. Iwe zvakare unofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuti mumwe nemumwe wechiremba wako anoziva ese emishonga, mahebhu, zvinowedzera, uye mavitamini auri kushandisa.

Kunyangwe iwe ukatora mushonga mumwe chete, ipfungwa yakanaka kutaura nachiremba wako kana wemishonga nezve izvo zvauri kushandisa kuti uone kusangana kunogona kuitika. Iri rairo rinoshanda kune ese ari maviri ekuraira uye asiri ekunyora mishonga.

Mhando dzekudyidzana kwezvinodhaka

Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzakasiyana dzekudyidzana kwezvinodhaka kuti uzive. Ngationgororei imwe neimwe zvishoma zvishoma.

Zvinodhaka-zvinodhaka

Kupindwa muropa nezvinodhaka kana paine kudyidzana pakati pemishonga miviri kana yakawanda yakanyorwa.

Mumwe muenzaniso ndeye kudyidzana pakati pewarfarin (Coumadin), anticoagulant (ropa mutete), uye fluconazole (Diflucan), mushonga unodzivirira. Kutora iyi mishonga miviri pamwe chete kunogona kutungamira kune inogona kuve nenjodzi kuwedzera mukubuda ropa.

Zvinodhaka-zvisina kunyorwa kurapwa

Uku ndiko kupindirana pakati pemushonga uye kusiri kurapwa. Izvi zvinosanganisira over-the-counter (OTC) mishonga, mahebhu, mavitamini, kana zvinowedzera.

Muenzaniso werudzi urwu rwekudyidzana unogona kuitika pakati pe diuretic - mushonga unoedza kubvisa muviri wemvura yakawandisa uye munyu - uye ibuprofen (Advil). Ibuprofen inogona kudzikisira kushanda kwe diuretic nekuti ibuprofen inowanzo kukonzera muviri kuchengetedza munyu uye mvura.

Zvinodhaka-chikafu

Izvi zvinoitika kana chikafu kana chinwiwa chinwiwa chikashandura maitiro emushonga.

Semuenzaniso, mamwe ma statins (anoshandiswa kurapa yakakwira cholesterol) anogona kuwirirana nejusi remuzambiringa wemazambiringa. Kana munhu anotora imwe yeaya masitamin akanwa juzi remazambiringa akawanda, zvakawandisa zvemushonga zvinogona kugara mumuviri wavo, zvichiwedzera njodzi yekukuvara kwechiropa kana itsvo kutadza.

Imwe mhedzisiro inogona kuitika yeiyo statin-grapefruit muto kudyidzana ndeye rhabdomyolysis. Apa ndipo panopwanya tsandanyama, kuburitsa protein inonzi myoglobin muropa. Myoglobin inogona kuenderera ichikuvadza itsvo.

Zvinodhaka-doro

Mimwe mishonga haifanirwe kutorwa nedoro. Kazhinji, kusanganisa iyi mishonga nedoro kunogona kukonzera kuneta uye kunonoka kuita. Inogona zvakare kuwedzera njodzi yako kune yakaipa mhedzisiro.

Chirwere-chirwere

Uku kusangana ndiko kushandiswa kwemushonga kuchichinja kana kukuvadza mamiriro kana chirwere. Pamusoro pezvo, mamwe marapirwo anogona kuwedzera njodzi yemhedzisiro kubva kune chaiwo madhiragi.

Semuenzaniso, mamwe maratidziro anotorwa nevanhu kutonhora anogona kuwedzera kuwedzerwa kweropa. Uku ndiko kusangana kunogona kuve nengozi kune vanhu vane yakakwira BP (hypertension).

Mumwe muenzaniso ndeye metformin (chirwere cheshuga) uye chirwere cheitsvo. Vanhu vane chirwere cheitsvo vanofanirwa kushandisa dosi yakaderera yemetformin kana kusatomboitora zvachose. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti metformin inogona kuunganidzwa muitsvo dzevanhu vane chirwere ichi, ichiwedzera njodzi yemhedzisiro

Zvinodhaka-murabhoritari

Mimwe mishonga inogona kukanganisa mamwe marabhoritari ebvunzo. Izvi zvinogona kuguma nemhedzisiro isina kukwana mhedzisiro.

Semuenzaniso, tricyclic antidepressants yakaratidzirwa kupindira nekuyedzwa kweganda kunoshandiswa kuona kana mumwe munhu aine zvimwe zvinopesana.

Zvimwe zvinhu mukubatana kwezvinodhaka

Kunyangwe zvichikosha kuti uzvidzidzise wega pane kugona kwako kwekudyidzana kwezvinodhaka, nzwisisa kuti ruzivo urwu harukuudze zvese zvaunoda kuti uzive. Kungoti kusangana kwemushonga kunogona kuitika hazvireve kuti zvichaita.

Hunhu hwemunhu hunogona kutora chinzvimbo chekuti kudyidzana kwezvinodhaka kuchaitika uye kana kuchizokuvadza. Kunyatsotsanangura nezvemishonga yako, kusanganisira kuyerwa, kuumbwa, uye maitiro aunozvitora, zvinogona kuita mutsauko.

Zvinhu zvinotevera zvehutano hwemunhu zvinokanganisa kudyidzana kwezvinodhaka.

Genetics

Misiyano mune yega magene ekugadzira anogona kuita iwo iwo mushonga kuti ushande zvakasiyana mumitumbi yakasiyana.

Nekuda kweiyo yavo yakasarudzika kodhi, vamwe vanhu vanogadzirisa mimwe mishonga nekukurumidza kana kupfuura zvishoma kupfuura vamwe.

Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kuti madanho emushonga adzike pasi kana kukwira kumusoro kupfuura zvaitarisirwa. Chiremba wako achaziva kuti ndeapi madhiragi anoda kuyedzwa kwemajini kuti uwane yako chaiyo dosi.

Kurema

Mimwe mishonga inodhonzwa zvichienderana nekuti munhu anorema zvakadii.

Kurema kwehuremu kunogona kukanganisa kuyerwa uye zvakare kuwedzera kana kudzikisa njodzi yekubatana kwezvinodhaka. Saka kana iwe uine shanduko yakakura muhuremu hwako, ungangoda imwe muyero yemimwe mishonga.

Zera

Sezvo isu patinokura, miviri yedu inochinja munzira dzakawanda, dzimwe dzadzo dzinokanganisa maitiro atinoita kumishonga. Itsvo, chiropa, uye kutenderera system inogona kudzikira nezera. Izvi zvinogona kudzora kuputsika nekubviswa kwemishonga kubva mumiviri yedu.

Zvepabonde (murume kana mukadzi)

Musiyano uripo pakati pevasikana, senge anatomi uye mahormone, unogona kutora chikamu mukudyidzana kwemishonga.

Semuenzaniso, iyo yakakurudzirwa dosi ye zolpidem (Ambien) yakapihwa vakadzi yakadzikiswa kusvika pahafu yemari yakatemerwa varume. Izvi zvakaitika mushure mekutsvagurudzwa kwakawanikwa kuti vakadzi vaiwanzo kuve nemazinga akakurisa emushonga muhurongwa hwavo mangwanani, apo zvaigona kukanganisa zviitiko zvakaita sekutyaira.

Mararamiro (kudya uye kurovedza muviri)

Zvimwe zvekudya zvinogona kunetsa kana zvasanganiswa nemishonga.

Semuenzaniso, kutsvagurudza kwakaratidza kuti kudya kwakanyanya kwemafuta kunogona kudzora mhinduro yebronchodilators, iyo vanhu vane asthma vanoshandisa kurapa zviratidzo.

Kurovedza muviri kunogona zvakare kuchinja mashandiro anoita mishonga.

Semuenzaniso, vanhu vanoshandisa insulin kurapa chirwere cheshuga vanogona kuwana hypoglycemia (yakaderera ropa shuga) panguva yekurovedza muviri. Saka ivo vangangoda kugadzirisa iyo nguva yavanodya uye kutora yavo insulin kuti vadzikise kudonha mushuga yeropa.

Kusvuta fodya kunogona kukanganisa metabolism yemimwe mishonga. Ive neshuwa yekuudza chiremba wako kuti iwe unoputa kana ivo vari kukurudzira kuti utange mushonga mutsva.

Kana iwe uri kufunga nezve kurega kuputa, chiremba wako anogona kushanda newe kuti uwane zano rako rega rekumira.

Inguva yakareba sei mushonga uri mumuviri wako

Zvinhu zvakawanda zvinokanganisa kumhanya uko muviri unotora nekugadzirisa zvinodhaka. Muyero wakakodzera wemunhu wega wega unogona kubva pane izvo zvinhu, uye inogona kunge iri yepamusoro kana yakaderera pane yakajairwa muyero. Ichi ndicho chimwe chikonzero nei chiremba wako achifanira kuziva mishonga yese yauri kutora usati wanyora mushonga mutsva.

Une nguva yakareba sei uchitora mushonga

Muviri unogona kushivirira kune mimwe mishonga, kana iwo madhiragi pachawo anogona kubatsira muviri kuadzora nekukurumidza nekufamba kwenguva. Saka madhiri anogona kunge achifanira kugadziriswa kana akatorwa kwenguva yakareba. Mienzaniso miviri inorwadza zvinodhaka uye mishonga yekudzivirira mishonga.

Dosi

Izwi rekuti "dose" ndiyo huwandu hwemishonga yakatemwa kutorwa kana kupihwa. (Unogona dzimwe nguva kunzwa izwi rekuti "dosage", iro rinoreva huwandu hwemishonga inopihwa panguva dzakati - semuenzaniso, kamwe pazuva.

Vanhu vaviri vanotora iwo chaiwo mushonga vanogona kupihwa madosi akasiyana. Kuverenga muyero wakakodzera kunoda kunyatsoita, saka haufanire kushandura kuti yakawanda sei mishonga yaunotora usina kubvunza chiremba wako kutanga.

Mashandisiro anoita mushonga kana kupihwa

Kune nzira dzakawanda dzakasiyana dzinogona kupihwa mushonga. Dzimwe nzira dzakajairika dzatinotora zvinodhaka dzinosanganisira nemuromo (nemuromo), nejekiseni, uye nemusoro (wakashandiswa kuganda). Nzira iyo mishonga inopinda nayo mumuviri inogona kuchinja zvakanyanya mhedzisiro.

Kuumbwa

Kuumbwa kwemushonga ndiwo musanganiswa chaiwo wezvinhu zvinoshandiswa nemushonga. Kugadzirwa kwemushonga kwakakosha nekuti kunogona kuona, muchidimbu, kuti mushonga unoshanda sei mumuviri pamwe nekushanda kwawo.

Iwo marongero ayo mishonga inotorwa

Kumwe kudyidzana kwezvinodhaka kunogona kuderedzwa kana kubviswa kana iyo mishonga ikatorwa panguva dzakasiyana.

Mimwe mishonga inogona kukanganisa kutora kwemamwe madhiragi kana ikatorwa imwe pamberi peimwe. Maantacid semapiritsi ecalcium anokwanisa kudzivirira kuiswa kweiyo antifungal mishonga ketoconazole, semuenzaniso.

Kuverenga zvinyorwa zvemishonga

Kutaura nachiremba wako kana wemishonga ndiyo nzira yakanakisa yekugara uine ruzivo nezvemishonga yako.

Asi iwe unofanirwa kugara uchiverenga zvese zvinyorwa zvemishonga uye nemurwere ruzivo rwezvinodhaka iwe rwaunogashira, kunyangwe iwo mushonga iri mushonga kana OTC. Izvi zvinokubatsira kuti unzwisise zvirinani mishonga yako, uye zvinogona zvakare kudzivirira kusangana.

OTC zvinyorwa zvemishonga

Mavara emishonga yeOTC anosanganisira anotevera ruzivo:

• Chinhu chinoshanda uye chinangwa: Inonyora zvinoshandiswa mumushonga zvinoshanda zvinorapa zvinangwa. Chikamu che "Chinangwa" chichataura zvinoitwa nechinhu chimwe nechimwe (semuenzaniso, mushonga wemumhino, antihistamine, reliever pain, fever reducer).
• Zvishandiso: Tsananguro pfupi yezviratidzo kana mamiriro ezvinhu izvo mushonga unorehwa kurapa.
• Yambiro: Chikamu chinopa ruzivo rwakakosha nezve kushandisa mushonga zvakachengeteka. Ichataura kuti unomira riini kana kuti usashandise mushonga uye nguva yekubvunza chiremba nezvekushandisa kwayo. Mativi mhedzisiro uye zvinogona kudyidzana zvakanyorwawo pano.
• Mafambiro: Mirayiridzo yekuti yakawanda sei mishonga inofanira kutorwa uye kangani. Kana paine chero akakosha mirawo yekuti unganwa sei mushonga, iwo anozonyorwa pano.
• Mamwe mashoko: Ichi chikamu chinowanzo kuve neruzivo nezvekuti unganyatso chengeta sei mushonga. Inogona zvakare kupa rumwe ruzivo nezve zvimwe zvinoshandiswa nemushonga, senge huwandu hwecalcium, potasium, kana sodium. Idzi ruzivo runogona kuve rwakakosha kune vanhu vane allergies kana kurambidzwa kwekudya.
• Zuva rekupera: Zuva kusvika kune iro mugadziri anovimbisa kuchengetedzeka uye kushanda kwechirwere.
• Zvishandiso zvisina basa: Rondedzero yezvigadzirwa mumushonga usingashande chinangwa chekurapa, senge makara uye zvinonhuwira.
• Mugadziri ruzivo rwekuonana: Iwe unogona kazhinji kufonera mugadziri pane toll-yemahara tambo kana iwe uine mibvunzo nezve mushonga. Mazhinji emakambani anoshandira iyi mitsara Muvhuro kusvika Chishanu.

Zvinyorwa zvekunyorera zvinodhaka

Kune maviri marudzi ezvinyorwa zvinyorwa - mapakeji anoisa uye murwere mapakeji anoisa (PPI). Chikafu neDrug Administration (FDA) inogadzirisa fomati uye zviyero zvemhando mbiri dzemazita.

Iwe unogona zvakare kuona iyo package yekuisa inonzi iyo yekutsanangudza ruzivo. Icho chinyorwa chakadzama chine ruzivo nezve mushonga uye unowanzo kuwanikwa mukati kana kusungirirwa kune yekunyorera stock bhodhoro.

Kuti udzidze zvakawanda nezve chiremba chemishonga, bvunza iyo yekuisa package. Iyo pasuru yekuisa inotsanangura:

• mashandiro anoita mushonga uye ruzivo nezve kiriniki miedzo yemushonga
• kutora sei mushonga uye chero matanho ekuzvidzivirira (senge kuti haafanire kutorwa nechikafu)
• mamiriro api ayo mushonga unoshandiswa kurapa
• yambiro nezve zvinogona kuitika mhedzisiro kana kusagadzikana
• kusangana kunokwanisika nemamwe madhiragi, zvinowedzera, zvekudya, kana zvinwiwa
• dosi ruzivo uye mirairo pane zvaunofanira kuita kana akawandisa
• rumwe ruzivo, rwakadai senge kuti mushonga unoratidzika sei uye kuti ungachengetwa sei

Iyo yekunyorera stock bhodhoro inogona zvakare kuve neyeyevero mavara mune echimiro ane mavara mavara ari akananga zvakananga pamabhodhoro. Izvi zvine ruzivo nezve mhedzisiro uye zvinogona kusangana.

Iyo PPI inozivikanwa zvakanyanya kune vanhu vazhinji. Ndiwo ruzivo rwunopihwa nemushonga wakapihwa iwe chaipo. Iyo PPI inosanganisira ruzivo rwakadzama nezvekushandiswa kwemushonga, iyo yakanyorwa zvakajeka kupfuura akawanda mapakeji anoisa.

Pamusoro pezvo, tsamba yako yekunyora inofanirwa kunge iine zita rako, zita rachiremba wako, uye zita remushonga, pamwe nesimba, chipimo chemushonga, mafambiro, zuva rekupera, uye rumwe ruzivo. Iyi pfupi ruzivo iripo yekukuyeuchidza nezve maitirwo emushonga.

Kudzidza zvakawanda nezve kudyidzana kwezvinodhaka

Taura nachiremba wako kana wemishonga kuti uwane iyo yakajeka uye yepamusoro ruzivo nezve yako njodzi yekudyidzana kusangana kwezvinodhaka. Ita shuwa kuti vanoziva yese mishonga yauri kutora.

Iva nehurukuro yakajeka pamusoro pezvingangodaro zvekudya, OTC zvinodhaka, uye zvirwere zvinogona kukonzera matambudziko kana zvasanganiswa nemishonga yako.

Mimwe mibvunzo yekubvunza:

• Chaizvoizvo mushonga uyu unoshanda sei mumuviri wangu? Ndeipi mhedzisiro mhedzisiro yandinogona kusangana nayo?
• Ndinogona here kutora mushonga uyu pamwe nemamwe mishonga yangu? Kana zvirizvo, ndinofanira kuitora here imwe nguva pane yangu mimwe mishonga?
• Ini ndinotorawo zvinotevera OTC zvinodhaka, mahebhu, mavitamini, kana zvinowedzera. Mushonga uyu wakachengeteka here kuenda nawo?
• Pane here zvikafu zvekunwa kana zvinwiwa zvandinofanira kudzivirira pandinotora mushonga uyu? Kana zvirizvo, nei?
• Ndeipi mhedzisiro inogona kunwa doro paunenge uchinwa mushonga uyu?
• Iwe unogona zvakare kutsanangura zviratidzo zvekudyidzana kwezvinodhaka zvandinofanira kutarisa kunze?
• Chii chandinofanira kuita kana ndikawana zvakakomba mhedzisiro kana kusangana kwemishonga?
• Ndinoda rumwe ruzivo nezve uyu mushonga. Unogona kundipa kopi yeiyo package yekuisa? Kana zvisiri, ndingaiwana kupi online?
• (Kana zvichibvira) Ndinogona here kutora mushonga uyu ini ndichiine nhumbu kana kuyamwa?
• Unogona here mushonga uyu kupwanywa kana kutsengwa kana ndikazviona zvakaoma kumedza, kana kusanganiswa nechikafu kana chinwiwa kuti chivharidze kunaka kwayo?

Kana iwe uine chero zvinonetsa kana mibvunzo nezve mishonga yauri kutora kana kuronga kutora, bvunza nachiremba wako. Kunyanya, vakadzi vane pamuviri kana kuyamwisa vanofanira kutarisa nachiremba wavo vasati vatora chero mishonga mitsva.