Mhando dzeHosha Yemwoyo muVana

Zvemukati

• Congenital chirwere chemoyo
• Atherosclerosis
• Arrhythmias
• Kawasaki chirwere
• Moyo unogunun'una
• Pericarditis
• Rheumatic chirwere chemoyo
• Utachiona hutachiona

Chirwere chemwoyo muvana

Chirwere chemwoyo chakaoma zvakakwana kana chikabata vanhu vakuru, asi chinogona kunyanya kunetsa muvana.

Mhando dzakasiyana dzakasiyana dzematambudziko emoyo dzinogona kukanganisa vana. Zvinosanganisira kuberekwa kwemoyo kusakwana, hutachiona hutachiona hunokanganisa moyo, uye kunyangwe chirwere chemwoyo chinowanikwa gare gare muhucheche nekuda kwezvirwere kana magene syndromes.

Nhau dzakanaka ndedzekuti nekufambira mberi mune zvekurapa uye tekinoroji, vana vazhinji vane chirwere chemwoyo vanoenderera mberi vachirarama hupenyu hwakasimba, huzere.

Congenital chirwere chemoyo

Congenital moyo chirwere (CHD) rudzi rwehosha yemoyo iyo vana vanozvarwa vainayo, kazhinji inokonzerwa nehurema hwemwoyo huripo pakuzvarwa. MuU.S., inofungidzirwa yevana vanozvarwa gore rega rega vane CHD.

MaCD anokanganisa vana anosanganisira:

• kusagadzikana kwevhavha yemoyo senge kudzikira kweaortic vharuvhu, iyo inodzivirira kuyerera kweropa
• hypoplastic kuruboshwe moyo chirwere, uko rutivi rworuboshwe rwemoyo rwusina kusimukira
• kusagadzikana kunosanganisira maburi mumoyo, kazhinji mumadziro pakati pemakamuri uye pakati pemidziyo mikuru yeropa inosiya moyo, kusanganisira:
  • ventricular septal kukanganisa
  • atrial septal kukanganisa
  • patent ductus arteriosus
• tetralogy yeFallot, inova mubatanidzwa wezvikanganiso zvina, zvinosanganisira:
  • gomba mune septum ye ventricular
  • muganho wakamanikana pakati peweti yekurudyi yemudumbu uye tsinga yemapapu
  • rakakora kurudyi kwemoyo
  • aorta yakasununguka

Congenital moyo hurema hunogona kuve nemhedzisiro kwenguva refu pahutano hwemwana. Ivo vanowanzo kurapwa nekuvhiyiwa, catheter maitirwo, mishonga, uye mune zvakakomba zviitiko, moyo unoshanduka.

Vamwe vana vanozoda kuongororwa kwehupenyu hwese uye kurapwa.

Atherosclerosis

Atherosclerosis ndiro izwi rinoshandiswa kutsanangura kuwanda kwemafuta uye macholesterol-akazara marata mukati meetsinga. Sezvo kuwedzera kuri kuwedzera, tsinga dzinoomarara uye kudzikira, izvo zvinowedzera mukana wekugwamba kweropa nekurwadziwa kwemoyo. Zvinotora makore mazhinji kuti atherosclerosis ikure. Hazvina kujairika kuti vana kana vechidiki vatambure nazvo.

Nekudaro, kufutisa, chirwere cheshuga, BP, uye zvimwe zvinhu zvehutano zvinoisa vana panjodzi huru. Vanachiremba vanokurudzira kuongorora kweyepamusoro cholesterol uye yakakwira BP muropa muvana vane njodzi zvinhu senge nhoroondo yemhuri yechirwere chemwoyo kana chirwere cheshuga uye vakafuta zvakanyanya kana vakafuta.

Kurapa kazhinji kunosanganisira shanduko yemararamiro sekuwedzera kurovedza muviri uye kugadziridzwa kwekudya.

Arrhythmias

Iyo arrhythmia irimbo isina kujairika mutinhimira wemwoyo. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera moyo kupomba zvishoma zvakaringana.

Mhando dzakasiyana dzakasiyana dze arrhythmias dzinogona kuitika muvana, kusanganisira:

• kukurumidza kwemoyo (tachycardia), iyo yakajairika mhando inowanikwa muvana iri supraventricular tachycardia
• inononoka kurova kwemoyo (bradycardia)
• yakareba Q-T Syndrome (LQTS)
• Wolff-Parkinson-White chirwere (WPW syndrome)

Zviratidzo zvinogona kusanganisira:

• kushaya simba
• kuneta
• dzungu
• kufenda
• kunetseka kudya

Marapirwo anoenderana nerudzi rwe arrhythmia uye nemabatiro ainoita hutano hwemwana.

Kawasaki chirwere

Kawasaki chirwere chirwere chisingawanzo chinonyanya kubata vana uye chinogona kukonzera kuzvimba mumidziyo yeropa mumaoko avo, tsoka, muromo, miromo, nehuro. Iyo zvakare inogadzira fivhiri uye kuzvimba mune ma lymph node. Vatsvakurudzi havana chokwadi kuti chii chinokonzera.

Sekureva kweAmerican Heart Association (AHA), kurwara ndicho chikonzero chikuru chemamiriro emoyo mune vakawanda se1 muvana vana. Vazhinji vari pasi pemakore mashanu.

Kurapa kunoenderana nehukuru hwechirwere, asi kazhinji kunosanganisira kurapwa nekukurumidza negra globulin kana aspirin (Bufferin). Corticosteroids dzimwe nguva inoderedza matambudziko emunguva yemberi. Vana vanorwara nechirwere ichi vanowanzoda kusangana kweupenyu hwese kuti vatarise zemo remwoyo.

Moyo unogunun'una

Kugunun'una kwemoyo i "whooshing" kurira kunoitwa neropa rinotenderera kuburikidza nemakamuri emoyo kana mavhavha, kana kuburikidza nemidziyo yeropa padyo nemoyo. Kazhinji hazvikuvadzi. Dzimwe nguva zvinogona kuratidza chinetso chepfungwa chemoyo.

Kugunun'una kwemoyo kunogona kukonzerwa neCHD, fivha, kana kupererwa neropa. Kana chiremba akanzwa kusagadzikana kwemoyo kugunun'una mumwana, vanozoita mimwe bvunzo kuti vave nechokwadi chekuti moyo wakanaka. "Asina mhosva" moyo unogunun'una kazhinji unogadzirisa wega, asi kana moyo uchigunun'una uchikonzerwa nechinetso pamoyo, zvinogona kuda kuwedzerwa kurapwa.

Pericarditis

Aya mamiriro anoitika kana saga rakatetepa kana membrane inotenderedza moyo (pericardium) inopiswa kana kutapukirwa. Huwandu hwemvura pakati pematanho ayo maviri hunowedzera, zvichikanganisa kugona kwemoyo kupomba ropa sezvarinofanira.

Pericarditis inogona kuitika mushure mekuvhiyiwa kugadzirisa CHD, kana inogona kukonzerwa nehutachiona hutachiona, chipfuva chinoshungurudza, kana kusangana kwemashupa matema senge lupus. Marapirwo anoenderana nekukura kwechirwere, zera remwana, uye hutano hwavo hwese.

Rheumatic chirwere chemoyo

Kana ikasiiwa isina kurapwa, iyo streptococcus bacteria inokonzera strep huro uye scarlet fever inogona zvakare kukonzera rheumatic moyo chirwere.

Chirwere ichi chinogona kukuvadza zvakakomba uye zvechigarire mavharuvhu emoyo uye mhasuru yemwoyo (nekukonzera kuzvimba kwemhasuru yemwoyo, inozivikanwa se myocarditis). Sekureva kweSeattle Vana Chipatara, rheumatic fever inowanzoitika muvana vane makore mashanu kusvika gumi neshanu, asi kazhinji zviratidzo zvehosha yemoyo hazviratidze makore gumi kusvika makumi maviri mushure mekurwara kwekutanga. Rheumatic fever uye inotevera rheumatic moyo chirwere ikozvino zvakajairika muU.S.

Ichi chirwere chinogona kudzivirirwa nekukurumidza kurapa strep huro nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya.

Utachiona hutachiona

Mavhairasi, pamusoro pekukonzera chirwere chekufema kana furuwenza, inogona zvakare kukanganisa hutano hwemwoyo. Utachiona hwehutachiona hunogona kukonzera myocarditis, iyo inogona kukanganisa kugona kwemoyo kupomba ropa mumuviri wese.

Hutachiona hutachiona hwemwoyo hushoma uye hunogona kuratidza mashoma zviratidzo. Kana zviratidzo zvikaonekwa, zvakafanana nezviratidzo zvakaita sefuru, zvinosanganisira kuneta, kufema, uye kusagadzikana pachipfuva. Kurapa kunosanganisira mishonga uye kurapwa kwezviratidzo zve myocarditis.