Kudya zvinovaka muviri uye Metabolism Dambudziko

Zvemukati

• Iko metabolism yako inoshanda sei?
• Chii chinonzi kusagadzikana kwemetabolism?
• Chii chinokonzera kusagadzikana kwemagetsi?
• Mhando dzekushushikana kwemagetsi
• Chirwere cheGaucher
• Glucose galactose malabsorption
• Nhaka hemochromatosis
• Maple syrup urine chirwere (MSUD)
• Phenylketonuria (PKU)
• Outlook

Iko metabolism yako inoshanda sei?

Metabolism ndiyo makemikari maitiro anoshandiswa nemuviri wako kushandura chikafu chaunodya kuita mafuta anoita kuti urarame.

Chikafu (chikafu) chine mapuroteni, makabhohaidhiretsi, uye mafuta. Izvi zvinhu zvakaputswa nema enzymes mune yako yekugaya system, uye ndokuzoendeswa kumasero kwaanogona kushandiswa semafuta. Muviri wako unoshandisa zvinhu izvi nekukasira, kana kuzvichengeta muchiropa, mafuta emuviri, uye nyama dzemhasuru kuti zvishandiswe gare gare.

Chii chinonzi kusagadzikana kwemetabolism?

Dambudziko remetabolism rinoitika kana metabolism ichitadza uye ichikonzera kuti muviri uve nezvakanyanya kana zvidiki zvezvinhu zvakakosha zvinodiwa kuti ugare uine hutano.

Miviri yedu ine hanya zvakanyanya nezvikanganiso mumetabolism. Mutumbi unofanirwa kuve nemaamino acids uye akawanda marudzi emapuroteni ekuita ese ayo mashandiro. Semuenzaniso, uropi hunoda calcium, potasium, uye sodium kuti ibudise mafungire emagetsi, uye lipids (mafuta nemafuta) kuchengetedza hutano hune hutano.

Matambudziko emetabolism anogona kutora maitiro mazhinji. Izvi zvinosanganisira:

• enzyme inoshaikwa kana vhitamini izvo zvinodikanwa kune yakakosha maitiro emakemikari
• kusanzwisisika kwemakemikari maitiro anodzivirira maitiro emagetsi
• chirwere chiri muchiropa, pancreas, endocrine gland, kana dzimwe nhengo dzinobatanidzwa mune metabolism
• kushomeka kwehutano

Chii chinokonzera kusagadzikana kwemagetsi?

Unogona kukura chirwere chemagetsi kana dzimwe nhengo - semuenzaniso, rwatata kana chiropa - dzichirega kushanda nemazvo. Aya marudzi ezvinetso anogona kunge ari mhedzisiro, kushaikwa kweimwe mahormone kana enzyme, kudya zvakawandisa zvimwe zvekudya, kana zvimwe zvinhu zvinoverengeka.

Kune mazana emazana emagetsi emagetsi anokonzerwa nekuchinja kwemajini mamwe. Iko kushanduka kunogona kupfuudzwa kuburikidza nezvizvarwa zvemhuri. Sekureva kweiyo, mamwe madzinza kana madzinza anowanzo pfuudza mageneti akachinjika kune mamwe matambudziko ekuberekwa. Izvo zvinowanzoitika pane izvi ndezvi:

• sickle cell anemia muAfrica America
• cystic fibrosis muvanhu venhaka yeEurope
• maple sirasi weti chirwere munharaunda dzeMennonite
• Chirwere cheGaucher muvanhu vechiJuda vanobva kuEastern Europe
• hemochromatosis muCaucasians muUnited States

Mhando dzekushushikana kwemagetsi

Chirwere cheshuga ndicho chinowanzoitika chirwere chemagetsi. Kune marudzi maviri echirwere cheshuga:

• Type 1, chikonzero chayo hachizivikanwe, kunyangwe paine panogona kuve nemajini.
• Type 2, iyo inogona kuwanikwa, kana inogona kukonzerwa nemajini zvinhu zvakare.

Sekureva kweAmerican Diabetes Association, vana makumi matatu nemakumi matatu evana nevakuru, kana vangangoita 9.4 muzana yevagari vemuU.S. Vane chirwere cheshuga.

Mune rudzi rwekutanga chirwere cheshuga, masero eT anorwisa nekuuraya masero e beta mupancreas, iwo maseru anogadzira insulin. Nokufamba kwenguva, kushayikwa kwe insulin kunogona kukonzera:

• kukuvara kwetsinga neitsvo
• kukanganiswa kwemaziso
• kuwedzera njodzi yemoyo uye chirwere chevascular

Mazana emhosho dzekuzvarwa mumetabolism (IEM) akaonekwa, uye mazhinji acho haawanzoitika. Nekudaro, zvinofungidzirwa kuti IEM pamwe inobata 1 muvacheche vese vhuru. Mazhinji ezvinetso izvi anogona kungorapwa nekudzikisira kudya kwekudya kwechinhu kana zvinhu izvo muviri usingakwanise kugadzirisa.

Mhando dzakajairika dzehutano hwehutachiona uye hwemagetsi dzinosanganisira:

Chirwere cheGaucher

Ichi chiitiko chinokonzeresa kutadza kupaza rumwe rudzi rwemafuta, anoungana muchiropa, spleen, uye mwongo wemabhonzo. Uku kusakwanisa kunogona kukonzera kurwadziwa, kukuvara kwemapfupa, uye kunyangwe rufu. Inorapwa ne enzyme kutsiva kurapa.

Glucose galactose malabsorption

Uku ndiko kukanganisa mukutakura glucose uye galactose kuyambuka mudumbu mudumbu izvo zvinotungamira kurwisa kukuru uye kupera mvura mumuviri. Zviratidzo zvinodzorwa nekubvisa lactose, sucrose, uye glucose kubva mukudya.

Nhaka hemochromatosis

Mune ino mamiriro, iron yakawandisa inoiswa munhengo dzinoverengeka, uye inogona kukonzera:

• chiropa cirrhosis
• gomarara rechiropa
• chirwere cheshuga
• chirwere chemoyo

Inorapwa nekubvisa ropa kubva mumuviri (phlebotomy) nguva dzose.

Maple syrup urine chirwere (MSUD)

MSUD inokanganisa metabolism yemamwe amino acids, zvichikonzera kukurumidza kukurumidza kweeuroni. Kana ikasarapwa, inokonzera rufu mukati memwedzi mishoma yekutanga mushure mekuzvarwa. Kurapa kunosanganisira kudzikisira chikafu chinodyiwa chemabhandi-cheni amino acids.

Phenylketonuria (PKU)

PKU inokonzeresa kutadza kuburitsa iyo enzyme, phenylalanine hydroxylase, zvichikonzera kukuvara kwemitezo, kudzikira kwepfungwa, uye chimiro chisina kujairika. Inorapwa nekudzikisira kudya kwemamwe marudzi eprotein.

Outlook

Matambudziko emetabolic akaomesesa uye haawanzo kuitika. Kunyangwe zvakadaro, ivo inyaya yekuenderera mberi nekutsvaga, izvo zviri kubatsirawo masayendisiti kuti anzwisise zvirinani zvikonzero zvezvinetso zvakajairika zvakadai se lactose, sucrose, uye kusagadzikana kweglucose, uye kuwanda kwemamwe mapuroteni.

Kana iwe uine chirwere chemagetsi, unogona kushanda nachiremba wako kuti uwane chirongwa chekurapa chakakukodzera.