Osteoporosis Kurapa

Zvemukati

• Osteoporosis
• Zvinokonzera uye njodzi zviitiko
• Osteoporosis mishonga
• Bisphosphonates
• Antibody
• Denosumab
• Romosozumab
• Mishonga inoenderana neHormone
• Kusarudza estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs)
• Calcitonin
• Parathyroid mahormone (PTHs)
• Hormone kurapa
• Calcium uye vhitamini D
• Chiitwa chemuviri
• Outlook

Zvekukurumidza chokwadi

1. Osteoporosis mamiriro umo mapfupa ako anoputsika nekukurumidza kupfuura zvaanovaka zvakare.
2. Kurapa kunowanzo sanganisira kusanganiswa kwemishonga uye mararamiro maringe nekuchinja
3. Nzira ine hukasha yekudzivirira mamwe mapfupa kurasikirwa kutora mishonga yemishonga.

Osteoporosis

Mapfupa mumuviri wako zvipenyu zvinogara zvichidonha uye kuzvitsiva nezvinhu zvitsva. Ne osteoporosis, mapfupa ako anodonha nekukurumidza kupfuura sezvaanodzokerazve. Izvi zvinovaita kuti vadzike zvakanyanya, vanyanye kuita mapundu, uye vapfunze.

Izvi zvinoderedza mapfupa ako uye zvinogona kukonzeresa kumamwe kutsemuka nekutyoka.

Iko hakuna mushonga we osteoporosis, asi kune mishonga yekubatsira kudzivirira uye kurapa kana yaonekwa chete. Chinangwa chekurapa ndechekudzivirira nekusimbisa mapfupa ako.

Kurapa kunowanzo sanganisira kusanganiswa kwemishonga uye mararamiro maringe nekubatsira kudzora mwero wekutyoka kwemapfupa nemuviri wako, uye mune dzimwe nguva, kuvaka zvakare pfupa.

Zvinokonzera uye njodzi zviitiko

Vazhinji vanhu vane yavo yepamusoro mapfupa uremu uye kuwanda pavanenge vari kwavo kwekutanga makumi maviri. Sezvo iwe paunenge uchikwegura, unorasikirwa neyakare pfupa nekukurumidza kupfuura izvo muviri wako ungazvitsiva. Nekuda kweizvi, vanhu vakura vari panjodzi huru ye osteoporosis.

Vakadzi zvakare vane njodzi yakakwira yekuvandudza osteoporosis nekuti ivo vane mapfupa akaonda kupfuura evarume. Estrogen, kemikari inoitika muzvikamu zvepamusoro mumadzimai kupfuura muvarume, inobatsira kudzivirira mapfupa.

Vakadzi vari kuenda panguva yekuenda kumwedzi vanoona kudzikira kwemazinga eestrogen, izvo zvinotungamira mukukurumidza kuputsika kwemapfupa uye zvinogona kukonzera kupwanya mapfupa.

Dzimwe njodzi zvinhu dzinosanganisira:

• kusvuta
• mimwe mishonga, yakadai sesteroid, proton pump inhibitors, uye mimwe mishonga yekubatwa
• kushaya zvokudya zvinovaka muviri
• zvimwe zvirwere, senge rheumatoid arthritis (RA) uye yakawanda myeloma

Osteoporosis mishonga

Nzira ine hukasha yekudzivirira mamwe mapfupa kurasikirwa kutora mishonga yekunyorerwa, senge mishonga yakanyorwa pazasi.

Bisphosphonates

Bisphosphonates ndiwo akajairika osteoporosis mishonga yekurapa. Ndiwo chaiwo marapirwo ekutanga anorayirwa vakadzi vane postmenopausal.

Mienzaniso yebisphosphonates inosanganisira:

• alendronate (Fosamax), mishonga yemumuromo vanhu vanotora zuva nezuva kana kamwe chete pasvondo
• ibandronate (Boniva), inowanikwa sehwendefa yemuromo pamwedzi kana sejekiseni rinopinda iwe raunowana kana pagore
• risedronate (Actonel), inowanikwa mumazuva ese, vhiki nevhiki, kana pamwedzi madhizaini mumuromo piritsi
• zoledronic acid (Reclast), inowanikwa seyomukati yekumisikidza iyo yaunowana kamwe kamwe kana makore maviri

Antibody

Kune maviri maantibody antibody pamusika.

Denosumab

Denosumab (Prolia) inosangana neprotein mumuviri wako inobatanidzwa mukuputsika kwemapfupa. Iyo inononoka maitiro ekuputsika kwemapfupa. Inobatsirawo kuchengetedza huwandu hwemapfupa.

Denosumab inouya sejekiseni raunowana mwedzi mitanhatu yega yega.

Romosozumab

Iyo nyowani antibody romosozumab (Manheru) inobatsira kuwedzera mafupa kuumbwa. Yakagamuchirwa neKudya neDrug Administration (FDA) munaKubvumbi wa2019.Yakagadzirirwa vakadzi vanotevera postopaopausal vane njodzi huru yekutyoka. Izvi zvinosanganisira vakadzi vano:

• vane njodzi dzekutyoka
• une nhoroondo yekutyorwa
• hauna kupindura kana kusakwanisa kutora mimwe mishonga yeosteoporosis

Romosozumab inouya semajekiseni maviri. Unovawana kamwe pamwedzi kwemwedzi gumi nemiviri.

Romosozumab anouya neyekunyeverwa mubhokisi, inova yambiro dzakanyanya kujeka dzeDAA. Inogona kuwedzera njodzi yako yekurwadziwa kwemoyo, sitiroko, uye chirwere chemoyo. Iwe haufanire kutora romosozumab kana iwe wakambove nekurwadziwa kwemoyo kana sitiroko mukati megore rapfuura.

Mishonga inoenderana neHormone

Mishonga yakati wandei ine mahormone-semhedzisiro inogona kupihwa kurapa osteoporosis.

Kusarudza estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs)

Sarudzo estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) inodzokorodza mafupa-anochengetedza mhedzisiro yeestrogen.

Raloxifene (Evista) ndeimwe mhando yeSERM. Inowanikwa sehwendefa remuromo wezuva nezuva.

Calcitonin

Calcitonin ihormone iyo gland yegland inogadzira. Inobatsira kudzora huwandu hwecalcium mumuviri.

Vanachiremba vanoshandisa synthetic calcitonin (Fortical, Miacalcin) kurapa musana osteoporosis mune vamwe vakadzi vasingakwanise kutora bisphosphonates.

Inoshandiswa off-label, calcitonin inogona zvakare kudzikamisa marwadzo kune vamwe vanhu vane musana wekumanikidza kuputsika. Calcitonin inowanikwa nasal spray kana jekiseni.

Parathyroid mahormone (PTHs)

Parathyroid mahormone (PTHs) anodzora calcium uye phosphate mazinga mumuviri wako. Mishonga ine chakagadzirwa PTH inogona kusimudzira mutsva wemapfupa kukura.

Sarudzo mbiri dzinosanganisira:

• teriparatide (Forteo)
• abaloparatide (Tymlos)

Teriparatide inowanikwa seyakajairwa yega-inozvigadzirira jekiseni. Nekudaro, uyu mushonga unodhura uye unowanzo chengeterwa vanhu vane zvakanyanya osteoporosis vasina kushivirira kwakanyanya kune kumwe kurapwa.

Abaloparatide ndeimwe yekurapa PTH kurapwa iyo yakabvumidzwa muna 2017. Kufanana neteriparatide, uyu mushonga unowanikwa sezuva nezuva unozvitemera wega. Zvisinei, inodhurawo uye inowanzoshandiswa kune vanhu vane osteoporosis yakaoma apo mamwe marapirwo asiri sarudzo dzakanaka.

Hormone kurapa

Kune vakadzi vari kumwedzi, kurapa kwehormone - zvakare inonzi mahormone kutsiva kurapa - isarudzo yekurapa. Asi kazhinji, vanachiremba havaishandise semutsara wekutanga wekudzivirira nekuti inogona kuwedzera njodzi ye:

• sitiroko
• kumira kurova kwemoyo
• gomarara repazamu
• kugwamba kweropa

Hormone therapy inobvumidzwa kuti ishandiswe mukudzivirira kweosteoporosis, asi inogona zvakare kushandiswa kure-chitaridzi pakurapa kwayo.

Hormone therapy inogona kusanganisira estrogen yoga, kana estrogen inosanganiswa neprogesterone. Iyo inouya sehwendefa remuromo, ganda chiganda, jekiseni uye kirimu. Mahwendefa uye zvigamba zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya.

Kutorwa zuva nezuva, mapiritsi anosanganisira:

• Premarin
• Menest
• Estrace

Inoshandiswa kamwe kana kaviri pavhiki, zvigamba zvinosanganisira:

• Climara
• Vivelle-Dot
• Minivelle

Calcium uye vhitamini D

Kunyangwe paunenge uchitora chero yemishonga yakanyorwa pamusoro, vanachiremba vanokurudzira kuwana yakawanda yecalcium uye vhitamini D mukudya kwako. Imhaka yekuti ichi chicherwa uye vhitamini pamwe zvinogona kubatsira kunonoka kurasikirwa kwemapfupa.

Calcium ndiyo yekutanga mamineral mumapfupa ako, uye vhitamini D inobatsira muviri wako kutora calcium yainoda.

Zvokudya zveCalcium-zvinosanganisira:

• zvigadzirwa zvemukaka
• yakasvibira miriwo miriwo
• zviyo zvakapfumisa uye chingwa
• zvigadzirwa zve soy

Zviyo zvakawanda uye majisi eorenji izvozvi ave kuwanikwa neakawedzera calcium zvakare.

Sangano reNational Institute of Arthritis uye Musculoskeletal uye Skin Zvirwere (NIAMS) rinokurudzira kuti vakadzi vane makore 19-50 nevarume vane makore 19-70 vanofanirwa kuwana mamirigiramu chiuru (mg) ecalcium pazuva.

Vanokurudzira kuti vakadzi vane makore makumi mashanu neshanu kusvika makumi manomwe nemakumi manomwe uye munhu wese anopfuura makumi manomwe anofanirwa kuwana 1,200 mg yecalcium pazuva.

Iyo NIAMS inokurudzirawo kuti vanhu vakuru vari pasi pemakumi manomwe vanofanirwa kuwana mazana matanhatu epasi rose (IU) evitamini D pazuva. Vakuru vanopfuura makore makumi manomwe vanofanirwa kuwana 800 IU yevhitamini D pazuva.

Kana iwe ukasawana calcium yakakwana kana vhitamini D kubva pane zvaunodya, unogona kutora zvinowedzera kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti wawana chiyero chinokurudzirwa.

Chiitwa chemuviri

Kurovedza muviri kunobatsira kusimbisa mapfupa ako. Chero anga ari mafomu, kurovedza muviri kunobatsira kunonoka kurasikirwa nezera remapfupa uye kunogona kugadzirisa zvishoma kuwanda kwemapfupa mune zvimwe zviitiko

Kurovedza muviri kunogona zvakare kubatsira kuvandudza mamiriro ako uye kuenzanisa, kudzikisa njodzi yako yekudonha. Kashoma kudonha kunogona kureva kutsemuka kushoma.

Simba kudzidziswa kunobatsira mapfupa ari mumaoko ako uye kumusoro musana. Izvi zvinogona kureva mahuremu emahara, michina yekurema, kana mabhendi ekudzivirira.

Kurema-kutakura kurovedza muviri sekufamba kana kumhanya, uye yakaderera-inokanganisa maekisesaizi senge elliptical kudzidziswa kana kuchovha bhasikoro, inogona zvakare kubatsira. Ose ari maviri anogona kubatsira kusimbisa mapfupa mumakumbo ako, chiuno, uye pasi musana.

Outlook

Osteoporosis inokanganisa vanhu vazhinji pasirese, uye kunyangwe pasina paripo kurapwa, kurapwa kunowanikwa. Mishonga, hormone therapy, uye kurovedza muviri zvinogona kusimbisa mapfupa ako uye kunonoka kurasikirwa kwemapfupa.

Kana uine osteoporosis, taura nachiremba wako. Kurukurai imwe neimwe inogona kurapwa uye shanduko yemararamiro. Pamwe chete, munogona kusarudza chirongwa chekurapa chakanakira iwe.