Reactive Attachment Dambudziko Rehucheche kana Yekutanga Diki

Zvemukati

• Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvekushomeka kwekubatanidza kusagadzikana?
• Akadzivisa hunhu
• Unhu hwakadziviswa
• Chii chinokonzeresa kusagadzikana kwekubatanidza kusagadzikana?
• Chii chinonzi reactive attachment disorder inoonekwa?
• Ndedzipi nzira dzekurapa dzezvekuita zvekubatanidza kusagadzikana?
• Iwe unogona sei kudzivirira kusagadzikana kwekubatanidza kusagadzikana?
• Ndeupi mutarisiro wenguva refu?

Chii chinonzi reactive attachment disorder (RAD)?

Reactive attachment disorder (RAD) chinhu chisingawanzo asi chakakomba mamiriro. Iyo inodzivirira vacheche nevana kubva pakuumba zvisungo zvine hutano nevabereki vavo kana ivo vekutanga vachengeti. Vazhinji vana vane RAD vakaona kushaya hanya mumuviri kana mupfungwa kana kushungurudzwa, kana kuti vakave nherera kutanga kwehupenyu.

RAD inokura apo izvo zvinodikanwa zvakanyanya zvemwana zvekurera, rudo, uye kunyaradzwa zvisati zvasangana. Izvi zvinovamisa kubva pakuumba hukama hwakanaka nevamwe.

RAD inogona kutora mafomu maviri. Zvinogona kukonzera mwana kuti atize hukama kana kunyanyisa kutsvaga hanya.

RAD inogona kuve nemhedzisiro yakaipa pakukura kwemwana. Zvinogona kuvamisa kubva pakuumba hukama hweramangwana. Mamiriro ezvinhu asingagumi, asi vana vazhinji vane RAD vanozopedzisira vava nehukama hwakanaka uye hwakadzikama nevamwe kana vawana kurapwa nekutsigirwa.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvekushomeka kwekubatanidza kusagadzikana?

Sekureva kweMayo Clinic, zviratidzo zveRAD zvichaonekwa pamberi pemakore mashanu, kazhinji kana mwana achiri mucheche. Zviratidzo muvacheche zvingave zvakaoma kuti uzive kupfuura kuvana vakura uye zvinogona kusanganisira:

• kusagadzikana
• WIthdrawal
• hapana kufarira matoyi kana mitambo
• kwete kunyemwerera kana kutsvaga nyaradzo
• kusatambanudza kunhonga

Vana vakura vacharatidza zvimwe zvinoonekwa zviratidzo zvekusiya, senge:

• kuoneka zvisina kugadzikana mumagariro
• kudzivisa mazwi kana zviito zvinonyaradza kubva kune vamwe
• kuvanza kunzwa kwehasha
• kuratidza kuputika nehasha kune vezera rako

Kana RAD ikaramba ichipinda mumakore ekuyaruka, zvinogona kutungamira mukushandisa zvinodhaka kana kudhakwa.

Sezvo vana vane RAD vachikura, vanogona kukudziridza hunhu kana hunhu husina kubvumidzwa. Vamwe vana vanokura zvese zviri zviviri.

Akadzivisa hunhu

Zviratidzo zvemhando iyi yemaitiro zvinosanganisira:

• kutsvaga-kutsvaga kubva kune wese munhu, kunyangwe vausingazive
• kazhinji kukumbira rubatsiro
• hunhu hwehudiki
• kushushikana

Unhu hwakadziviswa

Zviratidzo zvemhando iyi yemaitiro zvinosanganisira:

• kudzivisa hukama
• kuramba rubatsiro
• kuramba nyaradzo
• kuratidza kusagadzikana manzwiro

Chii chinokonzeresa kusagadzikana kwekubatanidza kusagadzikana?

RAD inowanzoitika kana mwana:

• anogara mumusha wevana kana musangano
• inoshandura vachengeti, senge mukuchengeta vabereki
• inoparadzaniswa nevachengeti kwenguva yakareba
• ana amai vane postpartum depression

Chii chinonzi reactive attachment disorder inoonekwa?

Kuti aongorore RAD, chiremba anofanira kuona kuti mucheche kana mwana anosangana nezvinodiwa nemamiriro ezvinhu. Maitiro eRAD anosanganisira:

• kuva nehukama husina kukodzera pasati pazera remakore mashanu izvo zvisina kukonzerwa nekunonoka mukusimudzira
• kuve kushamwaridzana zvisina kukodzera nevasingazive kana kusakwanisa kupindura mukubatana nevamwe
• kuva nevachengeti vekutanga vanokundikana kusangana nezvinodiwa nemwana zvepanyama uye zvemweya

Kuongororwa kwepfungwa kwemwana kunodiwa zvakare. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira:

• kucherechedza uye kuongorora mabatiro anoita mwana nevabereki
• kutsanangura uye kuongorora maitiro emwana mumamiriro akasiyana
• kuongorora hunhu hwemwana kwenguva yakati rebei
• kuunganidza ruzivo nezve hunhu hwemwana kubva kune zvimwe zviwanikwa, senge mhuri yakakura kana vadzidzisi
• kutsanangura nhoroondo yehupenyu hwemwana
• kuongorora ruzivo rwevabereki uye maitiro ezuva nezuva nemwana

Chiremba anozodawo kuve nechokwadi chekuti matambudziko ehunhu emwana haana kukonzerwa neimwe hunhu kana hunhu hwepfungwa. Zviratidzo zveRAD zvinogona dzimwe nguva kufanana:

• kucherechedza kushomeka kwehutano kusagadzikana (ADHD)
• kushamwaridzana kwevanhu
• kushungurudzika kwepfungwa
• post-traumatic kusagadzikana kwepfungwa (PTSD)
• autism kana autism spectrum kusagadzikana

Ndedzipi nzira dzekurapa dzezvekuita zvekubatanidza kusagadzikana?

Mushure mekuongororwa kwepfungwa, chiremba wemwana anovandudza chirongwa chekurapa. Chikamu chakakosha pakurapa ndechekuona kuti mwana ari munzvimbo yakachengeteka uye inochengeta.

Chikamu chinotevera ndechekuvandudza hukama pakati pemwana nevabereki vavo kana ivo vekutanga vachengeti. Izvi zvinogona kutora maitiro akateedzana emakirasi evabereki akagadzirirwa kugadzirisa hunyanzvi hwekurera. Makirasi anogona kusanganiswa nekupangwa kwemhuri kubatsira kuvandudza chisungo pakati pemwana nevanovachengeta. Zvishoma nezvishoma kuwedzera danho rekunyaradza kusangana panyama pakati pavo kunobatsira kubatanidza maitiro.

Special dzidzo services inogona kubatsira kana mwana ari kunetseka kuchikoro.

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, chiremba anogona kupa mishonga senge yakasarudzika serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) kana mwana achishushikana kana kushushikana. Mienzaniso yeSSRIs inosanganisira fluoxetine (Prozac) uye sertraline (Zoloft).

Sekureva kweNational Institute of Mental Health, fluoxetine ndiyo yega FDA-inogamuchirwa SSRI yevana vane makore masere zvichikwira.

Izvo zvakakosha kuongorora vana vachitora aya marudzi emishonga yemifungo yekuzviuraya kana hunhu. Iyi ingangoita mhedzisiro, asi hazvishamise.

Pasina kukodzera uye nekukurumidza kurapwa, mwana ane RAD anogona kukura mamwe mamiriro anoenderana, senge kushushikana, kushushikana, uye PTSD.

Iwe unogona sei kudzivirira kusagadzikana kwekubatanidza kusagadzikana?

Iwe unogona kudzikisira mukana wekuti mwana wako ave neRAD nekuenda kune yako yemuviri uye yemanzwiro zvinodiwa nenzira kwayo. Izvi zvinonyanya kukosha kana iwe uri kutora mwana mudiki kwazvo, kunyanya kana mwana anga ari mukurerwa. Ngozi yeRAD yakakwira muvana vane vachengeti vakachinja kazhinji.

Zvinogona kubatsira kutaura nevamwe vabereki, kutsvaga zano, kana kuenda kumakirasi ekurera vana. Kune akawanda mabhuku akanyorwa nezveRAD uye hutano hwevabereki hunogona zvakare kuve hwekubatsira. Taura nachiremba wako kana iwe uchinge uchinetseka izvo zvinogona kukanganisa kugona kwako kutarisira mwana wako.

Ndeupi mutarisiro wenguva refu?

Maonero emwana ane RAD akanaka kana mwana akagamuchira kurapwa kwakakodzera nekukurumidza sezvazvinogona. Pakave paine mashoma marefu-enguva zvidzidzo zveRAD, asi vanachiremba vanoziva zvinogona kutungamira kune mamwe matambudziko ehunhu muhupenyu hwekupedzisira kana husina kurapwa. Aya matambudziko anobva pakunyanyisa kudzora maitiro kusvika pakuzvikuvadza.