Zvese Nezve Yevanhu Kufuridzira Sisitimu

Zvemukati

• Anatomy uye basa
• Yekumusoro kufema turakiti
• Lower yekufema turakiti
• Mamiriro ezvinhu akafanana
• Yekumusoro yekufema mamiriro
• Mamiriro epasi ekufema
• Kurapa
• Hutachiona hutachiona
• Utachiona hutachiona
• Mamiriro ezvinhu asingagumi
• Nguva yekuona chiremba
• Chinokosha

Iyo yekufema system ndiyo inokonzeresa kuchinjanisa kabhoni dhayokisaidhi uye oxygen mumuviri wemunhu. Iyi sisitimu zvakare inobatsira kubvisa metabolic marara zvigadzirwa uye chengeta pH mazinga mukutarisa.

Izvo zvikamu zvikuru zvehurongwa hwekufema hunosanganisira iyo yekumusoro nzira yekufema uye yepasi yekufema turakiti.

Muchikamu chino, tichaongorora zvese zviripo nezvekuziva nezve mweya wekufema, kusanganisira zvikamu uye mashandiro, pamwe nemamiriro akajairika anogona kukanganisa izvozvo.

Anatomy uye basa

Iyo yese nzira yekufema ine maturakiti maviri: iyo yekumusoro nzira yekufema uye yepasi yekufema turakiti. Sekureva kwemazita, nzira yekufema yepamusoro ine zvese zviri pamusoro pemapapiro ezwi, uye nzira yekufema yepasi inosanganisira zvese zviri pazasi pemapapiro ezwi.

Aya maturakiti maviri anoshanda pamwechete kuita kufema, kana nzira yekuchinjana kabhoni dhayokisaidhi neoksijeni pakati pemuviri wako nemuchadenga.

Kubva pamhino kusvika kumapapu, zvinhu zvakasiyana zvefemhu yekutamba zvinotamba zvakasiyana zvakasiyana asi zvakakosha kuita mune yese nzira yekufema.

Yekumusoro kufema turakiti

Iyo yekumusoro yekufema turakiti inotanga nezvitadzo uye yemhino mhango, ese ari maviri ari munzvimbo iri kumashure kwemhino.

• Iyo mhino ndiyo nzvimbo yakanangana nemhuno inobvumira mweya wekunze kupinda mumuviri. Sezvo mweya unouya nemumhino, unosangana necilia inonamira mhino yemhino. Aya cilia anobatsira kuteya uye kurasa chero zvokunze zvimedu.
• Iyo sinuses inzvimbo dzemhepo kuseri kwekumberi kwedehenya rako iro rinowanikwa kune chero mhino uye pamwe nehuma. Zvitadzo zvinobatsira kugadzirisa tembiricha yemhepo paunenge uchifema.

Pamusoro pekupinda nemumhino, mweya unogona zvakare kupinda nemumuromo. Kana kamwe mweya wapinda mumuviri, inoyerera ichipinda muchikamu chepazasi cheiyo yepamusoro yekufema system neiyo pharynx uye larynx.

• Iyo pharynx, kana huro, inobvumidza kufamba kwemhepo kubva pamhino kana mukanwa kuenda kumarara uye trachea.
• Iyo dokoriro, kana izwi bhokisi, rine mapapiro ezwi akakosha kuti isu titaure nekuita ruzha.

Mushure mekunge mhepo yapinda mudokoriro, inoenderera ichidzika muchikamu chezasi chekufema, icho chinotanga netrachea.

Lower yekufema turakiti

• Iyo trachea, kana mhepo, ndiyo nzira inobvumira mweya kuyerera yakananga kumapapu. Iyi chubhu yakaoma kwazvo uye inoumbwa nemhete dzakawanda dzeteacheji. Chero chipi zvacho chinokonzeresa kuti trachea ipfupike, senge kuzvimba kana kuvharira, inozotadzisa oksijeni kuyerera ichienda mumapapu.

Basa rekutanga remapapu kushandura oxygen ne carbon dioxide. Patinofema, mapapu anofema oxygen uye anoburitsa carbon dioxide.

• Mumapapu, iyo trachea inobuda kuita maviri bronchi, kana machubhu, anotungamira mupapu yega yega. Aya bronchi anoenderera mberi nekuita matavi kuita madiki bronchioles. Pakupedzisira, aya mabronchioles anopera mukati alveoli, kana masaga emhepo, ayo anokonzera kuchinjaniswa kwe oxygen ne carbon dioxide.

Carbon dioxide neoksijeni zvinotsinhaniswa mune alveoli kuburikidza nematanho anotevera:

1. Mwoyo unopomba deoxygenated ropa kumapapu. Iri ropa risina deoxygen rine kabhoni dhayokisaidhi, inova-chibereko chedu chemazuva ese cellular metabolism.
2. Kamwe iro deoxygenated ropa rasvika kune alveoli, inoburitsa iyo carbon dioxide mukutsinhana ne oxygen. Ropa rave kuita oxygen.
3. Ropa rakafemerwa rinobva rafamba kubva mumapapu richidzokera kumoyo, uko kwarinosunungurwa richidzokera mukati mekutenderera.

Pamwe pamwe nekuchinjana kwemaminerari muitsvo, iko kuchinjaniswa kwekabhoni dhayokisaidhi mumapapu zvakare kune basa rekubatsira kuchengetedza pH chiyero cheropa.

Mamiriro ezvinhu akafanana

Hutachiona, hutachiona, uye kunyange autoimmune mamiriro anogona kukonzera chirwere chekupemha system. Zvimwe zvirwere zvekufema nemamiriro ezvinhu zvinongokanganisa iyo yepamusoro turakiti, nepo zvimwe zvinonyanya kukanganisa iyo yepasi turakiti.

Yekumusoro yekufema mamiriro

• Allergies. Kune akati wandei marudzi ehutachiona, kusanganisira chikafu chekudya, mwaka wemakemikari, uye kunyange ganda rinogwinyisa, iro rinogona kukanganisa epamusoro mweya wekufema. Zvimwe zvipembenene zvinokonzeresa zvinyoro, sekumhanyisa mhino, kuzara, kana kuora pahuro. Kurwara kwakanyanya kwakanyanya kunogona kutungamira kune anaphylaxis uye kuvhara kwemhepo.
• Kazhinji kutonhora. Iyo inotonhora inotonhora ndiyo yekumusoro nzira yekufema hutachiona iyo inogona kukonzerwa neanopfuura mazana maviri mavairasi. Zviratidzo zvechando chakazara zvinosanganisira runny kana inomhanyisa mhino, kuzara, kumanikidza muzvitadzo, huro, uye zvimwe.
• Laryngitis. Laryngitis chiitiko chinoitika kana dundira kana tambo dzeizwi dzatsva. Aya mamiriro anogona kukonzerwa nekutsamwa, hutachiona, kana kunyanyisa. Zviratidzo zvakajairika kurasa izwi rako nehuro kushatirwa.
• Pharyngitis. Iyo inozivikanwawo sekurwadza pahuro, pharyngitis kuzvimba kweiyo pharynx inokonzerwa nehutachiona kana hutachiona hutachiona. Ronda, rinotsemuka, uye rakaoma huro ndicho chiratidzo chekutanga chepharyngitis. Izvi zvinogona zvakare kuperekedzwa nechando kana dzihwa zviratidzo senge inomhanya mhino, kukosora, kana kufema.
• Sinusitis. Sinusitis inogona kuva yakaoma uye isingagumi. Iyi mamiriro inoratidzirwa nekuzvimba, kuputira membranes mumhino yemhino uye zvivi. Zviratidzo zvinosanganisira kuzara, sinus kumanikidza, mucus drainage, uye zvimwe.

Mamiriro epasi ekufema

• Asima. Chirwere chirwere chisingaperi chinokanganisa mweya. Uku kuzvimba kunokonzeresa kuti nzira dzekufema dzitetepa, izvo zvinokonzeresa kunetseka kufema. Zviratidzo zvechirwere zvinogona kusanganisira kupfupika kwemweya, kukosora, uye kufema. Kana zviratidzo izvi zvikanyanya kukura, zvinogona kuve chirwere cheasima.
• Bronchitis. Bronchitis mamiriro anozivikanwa nekuputika kweye bronchial machubhu. Zviratidzo zveichi chiitiko zvinowanzo kunzwa sekunge kutonhora zviratidzo pakutanga, uyezve zvinoshanduka kuita mucus-unoburitsa chikosoro. Bronchitis inogona kuve yakaoma (isingasviki mazuva gumi) kana isingagumi (mavhiki akati wandei uye ichidzokororwa).
• Chirwere chisingaperi chinodzivirira pulmonary chirwere (COPD). COPD inguva yemuraira yeboka rezvirwere zvisingaperi, zvinofambira mberi zvemapapu, zvakajairika kuve bronchitis uye emphysema. Nekufamba kwenguva, aya mamiriro anogona kutungamira mukudzikira kwenzira dzemhepo nemapapu. Kana ikasarapwa, inogona kukonzera zvimwe zvirwere zvisingaperi zvekufema. Zviratidzo zveCOPD zvinosanganisira:
  • mweya wekufema
  • kuomesa pachipfuva
  • kurira
  • kukosora
  • kazhinji kutapukirwa noutachiona
• Emphysema. Emphysema mamiriro anokuvadza izvo alveoli yemapapu uye inokonzeresa kudzikira kwehuwandu hwekufambisa okisijeni. Emphysema chirwere chisingaperi, chisingarapike. Zviratidzo zvakajairika kuneta, kuonda, uye kuwanda kwemoyo.
• Kenza yemapapu. Gomarara remapapu rudzi rwegomarara riri mumapapu. Gomarara remapapu rinosiyana zvichienderana nekuti gomarara riripo kupi, senge mune alveoli kana mumhepo. Zviratidzo zvegomarara remapapu zvinosanganisira kupfupika kwekufema uye kufema, uchiperekedzwa nekurwadziwa pachipfuva, chikosoro chinononoka neropa, uye kusatsanangurika uremu
• Chirwere chemabayo. Pneumonia chirwere chinokonzeresa kuti alveoli ipisirwe ne pus uye fluid. SARS, kana yakanyanya kuoma kufema chirwere, uye COVID-19 ese ari maviri anokonzera pneumonia-kunge zviratidzo, izvo zviri zviviri zvinokonzerwa nekoronavirus. Iyi mhuri yeve yakabatanidzwa kune dzimwe dzakakomba hutachiona hutachiona. Kana ikasarapwa, mabayo anogona kuuraya. Zviratidzo zvinosanganisira kupfupika kwemweya wekufema, kurwadziwa pachipfuva, kukosora nemamousu, nezvimwe.

Kune mamwe mamiriro uye zvirwere zvinogona kukanganisa mweya wekufema, asi mamiriro akajairika akanyorwa pamusoro.

Kurapa

Kurapa kwemamiriro ekufema kunosiyana zvichienderana nerudzi rwechirwere.

Hutachiona hutachiona

Hutachiona hutachiona hunotungamira kune yekufema mamiriro hunoda maantibioti ekurapwa. Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inogona kutorwa semapiritsi, macapsule, kana zvinwiwa.

Paunotora mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, inoshanda ipapo ipapo. Kunyangwe iwe ukatanga kunzwa zvirinani, iwe unofanirwa kugara uchitora nzira yakazara yemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya yawakatemerwa.

Hutachiona hutachiona hunogona kusanganisira:

• laryngitis
• pharyngitis
• sinusitis
• bronchitis
• chirwere chemabayo

Utachiona hutachiona

Kusiyana nehutachiona hwehutachiona, pane kazhinji pasina kurapwa kwehutachiona hwehutachiona hwehutachiona. Pane kudaro, iwe unofanirwa kumirira muviri wako kuti urwise hutachiona hwehutachiona pachahwo. Over-the-counter (OTC) mishonga inogona kupa zororo kubva kuzviratidzo uye kubvumira muviri wako kuzorora.

Iyo yakajairwa kutonhora uye hutachiona laryngitis, pharyngitis, sinusitis, bronchitis, kana pneumonia inogona kutora kumusoro kwemavhiki akati wandei kuti uwanezve zvizere kubva.

Mamiriro ezvinhu asingagumi

Mimwe nzira yekufema mamiriro isingaperi uye isingarapike. Kune aya mamiriro, chinotarisa kuri kugadzirisa zviratidzo zvechirwere.

• Kune zvinyoro zvishoma, OTC mishonga yekurapa inogona kubatsira kudzikisa zviratidzo.
• Nezve asthma, inhaler uye shanduko yemararamiro inogona kubatsira kudzikisa zviratidzo uye kupisa-kumusoro.
• ZveCOPD, kurapwa kunosanganisira mishonga uye michina inogona kubatsira mapapu kufema nyore.
• Nezve kenza yemapapu, kuvhiya, radiation, uye chemotherapy zvese sarudzo dzekurapa.

Nguva yekuona chiremba

Kana iwe uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchiona zviratidzo zvehutachiona, hutachiona, kana chirwere chisingaperi chekufema, shanyira chiremba wako Vanogona kutarisa zviratidzo mumhino nemumuromo, teerera kutinhira mumhepo yako, uye shandisa miedzo yakawanda yekuongorora kuti uone kana iwe uine chero chirwere chekufema.

Chinokosha

Iyo yekufema yemunhu system inoitisa kubatsira kupa oxygen kumasero, kubvisa carbon dioxide kubva mumuviri, uye kuyeranisa pH yeropa.

Iyo yekumusoro nzira yekufema uye yezasi yekufema turakiti zvese zvinoita basa rakakosha mukutsinhana kwe oxygen uye carbon dioxide.

Kana mavairasi uye mabhakitiriya achipinda mumuviri, anogona kukonzera kurwara uye mamiriro anotungamira mukuzvimba kweturakiti.

Kana iwe uine hanya kuti une chirwere chekufema, shanyira chiremba wako ipapo pakarepo kuti uongororwe zviri pamutemo uye kurapwa.