Izvo zvaunoda kuti uzive nezve iyo yekufema Sisitimu

Zvemukati

• Anatomy yeanofema system
• Kufema kunoitika sei
• Zvirwere zvinokanganisa mweya wekufema
• Nguva yekuenda kuna chiremba
• Chiremba anorapa zvirwere zvekufema

Chinangwa chikuru chekufema kuunza oxygen kumasero ese ari mumuviri uye kubvisa kabhoni dhayokisaidhi inova mhedzisiro yeoxygen yatove kushandiswa nemaseru.

Kuti izvi zviitike pane kurudziro, ndipo panopinda mweya mumapapu, nemweya, mweya ndipo panobuda mweya mumapapu, uye kunyangwe izvi zvichiitika nguva dzese, pane zvakawanda zvakabatanidzwa.

Anatomy yeanofema system

Zvinoenderana neatomi, nhengo dzinofema kufema muvanhu ndedzinotevera:

• Mhino dzemhino: Inotarisira kusefa mweya, inodzora tembiricha inosvika mweya mumapapu, nekuona hwema uye kuvapo kwemavhairasi kana mabhakitiriya. Paunoona kuvepo kwema microorganisms aya, dziviriro yemuviri 'inovhara' mhino dzemhino, zvichikonzera 'mhino dzakazara'.
• Pharynx, larynx uye trachea: Mushure mekupfuura nemumhino, mhepo inotorwa yakananga kudokoriro, uko kune tambo dzezwi, uyezve yakananga kune trachea, iyo inopatsanuka kuita 2, kusvika yasvika pamapapu: kurudyi uye kuruboshwe. Iyo trachea itipu ine macartilaginous zvindori mukati mayo mamiriro, ayo anoita nenzira yekudzivirira, ichidzivirira kubva pakuvhara kana munhu atendeuka mutsipa parutivi, semuenzaniso.
• Bronchi: Mushure me trachea, mweya unosvika kubronchi, zvinova zvivakwa zviviri, zvakafanana nemuti wakashanduka wakatarisana, ndosaka uchinziwo bronchial muti. Iyo bronchi inoenderera ichikamurwa kuita tudiki nzvimbo, inova iyo bronchioles, iyo izere necilia uye inogadzira mamasi (phlegm) ayo anoshanda kubvisa hutachiona.
• Alveoli: Chimiro chekupedzisira chemafemero ndiyo alveoli, ayo akabatana zvakananga nemidziyo yeropa. Pano okisijeni inopinda muropa, uko inogona kusvika kune ese maseru mumuviri. Maitiro aya anonzi gasi kuchinjana, nekuti pamusoro pekutora okisijeni muropa, inobvisa kabhoni dhayokisaidhi, iripo muropa. Oxygen ropa rakazara riripo mumarteri, nepo ropa 'rakasviba', rizere carbon dioxide, riripo mutsinga. Sezvo iwe unoburitsa mweya, yese kabhoni dhayokisaidhi inobviswa kubva mumuviri.

Kubatsira mukufamba kwemweya kune zvakare mhasuru dzekufema (intercostal) uye diaphragm.

Kufema kunoitika sei

Kufema kunoitika nenzira yekuzvarwa, sezvo mwana achizvarwa, pasina kurangarira, nekuti inodzorwa nehurongwa hwekuzvidzivirira hunotenderera. Kuti kufema kuitike, munhu anofema mumhepo yemuchadenga, iyo inopfuura nemumhino fossae, kuburikidza nepharynx, larynx, trachea, uye painosvika pamapapu, mweya uchiri kupfuura nepabronchi, bronchioles, kusvika pakupedzisira wasvika kune alveoli, uko okisijeni inopfuura yakanangana neropa. Hezvino zvinoitika:

• Pamusoro pekufemerwa: mhasuru dzakapindirana pakati pembabvu chibvumirano uye diaphragm inodzika, ichiwedzera nzvimbo yemapapu kuti izadze nemweya, uye kumanikidza kwemukati kunodzikira;
• Pakupera: mhasuru dzepakati uye diaphragm dzinozorora uye diaphragm inokwira, huwandu hwembabvu hunoderera, kumanikidza kwemukati kunowedzera, uye mweya unobuda mumapapu.

Kufema kwekufema kunoitika kana paine shanduko mune yekufema system, iyo inodzivirira kupinda kana kubuda kwemhepo, uye nekudaro kuchinjana kwegesi hakukwanisi, uye ropa rinotanga kuve neakanyanya carbon dioxide, kupfuura oxygen.

Zvirwere zvinokanganisa mweya wekufema

Mimwe mienzaniso yezvirwere zvehurongwa hwekufema ndeiyi:

Flu kana kutonhora: zvinoitika kana mavhairasi apinda mukufema. Mukutonhora, hutachiona hunongori mumumhino dzemhino uye hunogona kusvika pahuro, zvichikonzera kuzara kwemhino nekusagadzikana. Panyaya yefuruwenza, hutachiona hunogona kusvika mumapapu nefivhiri uye yakawanda phlegm muchipfuva. Ziva zvavari uye maitiro ekurapa zviratidzo zvechirwere

Asthma: zvinoitika munguva apo munhu ane kuderera kwebronchi kana bronchioles, nekigadzirwa kudiki kwemamota. mweya unopfuura zvakanyanya kuomarara kuburikidza nezvivakwa izvi uye munhu anoburitsa ruzha rwakakwira-nemweya wega wega.

Bronchitis: inokonzera kudzora uye kuzvimba kwebronchi uye bronchioles. Mhedzisiro yekuzvimba uku kugadzirwa kwemamousu, ayo anogona kudzingwa muchimiro chephlegm, asi ayo anogona zvakare kumedzwa kana asvika pahuro, achiendeswa kudumbu. Tarisa uone zviratidzo uye kurapwa kweasthmatic bronchitis

Allergy: zvinoitika kana immune system yemunhu ichinge yanyatsoshanda uye achinzwisisa kuti zvimwe zvinhu zviripo mumhepo zvinokuvadza zvakanyanya kuhutano, zvichikonzera zviratidzo zvekunyevera pese panosangana munhu neguruva, zvinonhuwira kana mukume, semuenzaniso.

Chirwere chemabayo: inowanzo kukonzerwa nekupinda kwemavhairasi kana mabhakitiriya, asi zvinogona zvakare kuitika nekuda kwekuvapo kwezvinhu zvekunze, chikafu chasara kana kurutsa mukati memapapu, zvichikonzera fivha uye kunetseka kufema. Iyo furu inogona kuwedzera uye ichikonzera mabayo, asi kutonhora hakuna mukana iwoyo. Tarisa zvese zviratidzo nezviratidzo zvemabayo

Tiibhii: zvinowanzoitika kana bacillus ichipinda mumapapu kuburikidza nemumhepo, zvichikonzera fivha, kukosora nefuru yakawanda, uye dzimwe nguva ropa. Chirwere ichi chinotapukira uye chinopfuura nemumhepo kuburikidza nekubatana nezvakavanzika zvemunhu anorwara. Kurapa kwakakosha zvakanyanya nekuti bacillus inogona kusvika muropa uye kupararira mumuviri wese, ichikonzera tibhii kunze kwemapapu.

Nguva yekuenda kuna chiremba

Pese pazvinenge paine zviratidzo sekutadza kufema, kufema, kufema, kukosora nefuru kana isina ropa, zvakakosha kutsvaga rubatsiro kuchipatara kuitira kuti nyanzvi iyi igone kuongorora munhu uye kuona kuti ane chirwere chipi, uye kurapwa kupi yakanyanya kuratidzwa, nekuti inogona kushandisa inorwisa-kupisa mishonga, maantibayoti, uye dzimwe nguva kugara muchipatara.

Chiremba anorapa zvirwere zvekufema

Panyaya yezviratidzo zvakajairika senge furuu kana dzihwa, unogona kuita musangano nachiremba mukuru, kunyanya kana usati waenda kumisangano nekuda kwezvichemo zvekufema. Chiremba uyu anogona kuteerera kumapapu ako, kutarisa fivha, uye kutsvaga zvimwe zviratidzo nezviratidzo zvehosha yekufema. Asi kana zviri zvechirwere chisingaperi, chakadai seasima kana bronchitis, zvinogona kuratidzwa kutsvaga rubatsiro kubva kuna chiremba anoona nezve pneumology, nekuti anonyanya kushandiswa kurapa varwere vane rudzi urwu rwechirwere, aine dzidziso yakakura yekutungamira kurapwa nekutevera. -up hupenyu hwese hwemunhu.