Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) mamiriro ezvinhu umo mhasuru yemoyo inova gobvu. Kazhinji, chikamu chimwe chete chemoyo chakakora kudarika zvimwe zvikamu.

Iko kusimba kunogona kuita kuti zviome kuti ropa ribve pamoyo, zvichimanikidza moyo kuti ushande nesimba kupomba ropa. Izvo zvakare zvinogona kuita kuti zviomere moyo kuzorora uye kuzadza neropa.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy inowanzo pfuudzwa kuburikidza nemhuri (nhaka). Iyo inofungidzirwa kunobva mukukanganisa mumajene anodzora moyo mhasuru kukura.

Vechidiki vanhu vangangove vaine fomu yakaoma yehypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Zvisinei, mamiriro acho anoonekwa muvanhu veese mazera.

Vamwe vanhu vane chirwere vanogona kunge vasina zviratidzo. Vanogona kutanga vaona kuti vane dambudziko panguva yekuongororwa kwechiremba.

Muvanhu vakuru vadiki, chiratidzo chekutanga chehypertrophic cardiomyopathy chiriporipotyo kudonha pamwe nekugona kufa. Izvi zvinogona kukonzerwa neasina kujairika moyo mutinhimira (arrhythmias). Zvinogona zvakare kunge zviri nekuda kwekuvharika kunodzivirira kubuda kweropa kubva pamoyo kuenda kune imwe muviri wese.

Zviratidzo zvakajairika zvinosanganisira:

• Kurwadziwa pachifuva
• Dzungu
• Kufenda, kunyanya panguva yekurovedza muviri
• Kuneta
• Musoro wakareruka, kunyanya kana kana mushure mekuita kana kurovedza muviri
• Kunzwa kwekunzwa moyo uchirova nekukurumidza kana zvisina kujairika (palpitations)
• Kufema kwekufema nebasa kana mushure mekurara pasi (kana kurara kwechinguva)

Anopa hutano anoita bvunzo dzepanyama uye anoteerera moyo nemapapu ne stethoscope. Zviratidzo zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Mwoyo usina kujairika unonzwika kana moyo kugunun'una. Idzi ruzha dzinogona kuchinja nenzvimbo dzakasiyana dzemuviri.
• Kuwedzera kweropa.

Kupomba kuri mumaoko ako nemutsipa kuchaongororwawo. Mupepeti anogona kunzwa kurova kwemoyo zvisina kujairika muchipfuva.

Kuyedzwa kunoshandiswa kuongorora moyo wemhasuru, matambudziko nekuyerera kweropa, kana mavhinga emwoyo akavhenekera (mitral valve regurgitation) inogona kusanganisira:

• Echocardiography
• ECG
• Maawa makumi maviri nemaviri Holter Monitor (moyo rhythm Monitor)
• Catheterization yemwoyo
• Chest x-ray
• MRI yemoyo
• CT scan yemoyo
• Transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE)

Kuongororwa kweropa kunogona kuitwa kutonga zvimwe zvirwere.

Vhara nhengo dzemhuri dzevanhu vakaonekwa vaine hypertrophic cardiomyopathy vanogona kuongororwa mamiriro acho.

Gara uchitevera rairo yemupi wako nezve kurovedza muviri kana uine hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Iwe unogona kuudzwa kuti udzivise kurovedza muviri kunonetsa. Zvakare, ona mupi wako wekugara uchitariswa kuongororwa.

Kana iwe uine zviratidzo, ungangoda mishonga yakadai se beta-blockers uye calcium chiteshi blockers kubatsira moyo chibvumirano uye kuzorora nenzira kwayo. Iyi mishonga inogona kudzikamisa kurwadziwa kwepfupa kana kufema kwekufema kana uchirovedza muviri.

Vanhu vane arrhythmias vangangoda kurapwa, senge:

• Mishonga yekurapa iyo isina kujairika mutinhimira.
• Ropa rakapfava kudzikisa njodzi yekugwamba kweropa (kana iyo arrhythmia iri nekuda kweatrial fibrillation).
• A pacemaker zvachose kudzora kurova kwemoyo.
• Yakaisirwa defibrillator iyo inoziva inotyisidzira hupenyu miitiro yemwoyo uye inotumira kupisa kwemagetsi kuimisa. Dzimwe nguva defibrillator inoiswa, kunyangwe kana murwere anga asina arrhythmia asi ari panjodzi huru yekufa arrhythmia (semuenzaniso, kana moyo wemhasuru wakakora kana kusimba, kana murwere ane hama akafa kamwe kamwe).

Kana ropa richiyerera richibuda mukati memwoyo rakadzivirirwa zvakanyanya, zviratidzo zvinogona kuve zvakanyanya. Kuvhiya kunodaidzwa kuti kuvhiya myectomy kunogona kuitwa. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, vanhu vanogona kupihwa jekiseni redoro mune tsinga dzinodyisa chikamu chakakora chemoyo (doro septal ablation). Vanhu vane maitiro aya vanowanzo kuratidza kuvandudzika kukuru.

Iwe ungangoda kuvhiyiwa kugadzirisa iyo mitral vharuvhu yemoyo kana ichidonha.

Vamwe vanhu vane hypertrophic cardiomyopathy vanogona kunge vasina zviratidzo uye vachange vaine hupenyu hwakajairwa. Vamwe vanogona kuwedzera kukurumidza zvishoma kana nekukurumidza. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, mamiriro acho anogona kukura kuva chirwere chemapapu.

Vanhu vane hypertrophic cardiomyopathy vari pangozi yakanyanya yekufa kamwe kamwe pane vanhu vasina mamiriro. Kamwe kamwe kufa kunogona kuitika pazera diki.

Kune akasiyana marudzi e hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, ayo ane akasiyana fungidziro. Maonero acho anogona kunge ari nani kana chirwere ichi chichiitika kuvanhu vakura kana paine imwe patani yeukobvu mumhasuru yemwoyo.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy chikonzero chinozivikanwa chekufa kamwe kamwe muvatambi. Inenge hafu yekufa nekuda kweichi chiitiko chinoitika panguva kana kungoita imwe mhando yechiitiko chemuviri.

Fonera mupiki wako kana:

• Iwe une chero zviratidzo zve hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
• Iwe unovandudza kurwadziwa kwepfupa, kurova moyo, kupera simba, kana zvimwe zviratidzo zvitsva kana zvisina kutsanangurwa.

Cardiomyopathy - hypertrophic (HCM); IHSS; Idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis; Asymmetric septal hypertrophy; ASH; HOCM; Hypertrophic inokanganisa cardiomyopathy

• Mwoyo - chikamu kuburikidza nepakati
• Moyo - pamberi pekutarisa
• Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Maron BJ, Maron MS, Olivotto I. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Mune: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. Chirwere Chemwoyo cheBraunwald: A Chinyorwa cheCardiovascular Medicine. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chitsiko 78.

McKenna WJ, Elliott PM. Zvirwere zve myocardium uye endocardium. Mune: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Mushonga. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 54.