Colorectal polyps

Colorectal polyp ndiko kukura pamubhedha wekoloni kana rectum.

Polyps yekoloni uye rectum zvinowanzo kuve zvakashata. Izvi zvinoreva kuti havasi cancer. Iwe unogona kunge uine imwechete kana yakawanda polyps. Dzinonyanya kuwanda nezera. Kune akawanda marudzi emapolyps.

Adenomatous polyps ndiwo mhando yakajairika. Iwo akadi-gland-sekukura anokura pane mucous membrane inoisa hukuru hutumbu. Ivo vanonzi zvakare adenomas uye anowanzo kuve imwe yeanotevera:

• Tubular polyp, iyo inobuda kunze mu lumen (yakavhurika nzvimbo) yekoloni
• Villous adenoma, iyo dzimwe nguva yakati sandara uye ichipararira, uye inowanzo kuve kenza

Kana adenomas ikava nekenza, ivo vanozivikanwa seadenocarcinomas. Adenocarcinomas ndiwo kanzira dzinotangira mumasero ezvinyama. Adenocarcinoma ndiyo yakajairika mhando yekenza yakajeka.

Mamwe marudzi emapolyps ndeaya:

• Hyperplastic polyps, iyo isingawanzo, kana yakamboitika, kuva gomarara
• Serrated polyps, ayo asiri mashoma, asi anogona kukura kuita gomarara nekufamba kwenguva

Polyps akakura kupfuura 1 sentimita (cm) ane njodzi yakakura yekenza kupfuura polyps diki pane 1 sentimita. Njodzi zvinhu zvinosanganisira:

• Zera
• Nhoroondo yemhuri yekenza yekoloni kana polyps
• Rudzi rwe polyp inonzi villous adenoma

Chiverengero chidiki chevanhu vane polyps chinogona zvakare kuve chakabatanidzwa kune mamwe matambudziko enhaka, anosanganisira:

• Inowanzozivikanwa adenomatous polyposis (FAP)
• Gardner syndrome (rudzi rweFAP)
• Juvenile polyposis (hosha inokonzeresa kukura mumatumbo, kazhinji isati yasvika makore makumi maviri)
• Lynch syndrome (HNPCC, chirwere chinomutsa mukana wemhando dzakawanda dzekenza, kusanganisira mumatumbu)
• Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (chirwere chinokonzeresa ura hwemapapu, kazhinji mumatumbo mudiki uye kazhinji chinokanganisa)

Polyps kazhinji haana zviratidzo. Kana zviripo, zviratidzo zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Ropa muzvigaro
• Chinja muhuro tsika
• Kuneta kunokonzerwa nekurasikirwa neropa nekufamba kwenguva

Mutapi wako wezvehutano achaita bvunzo dzepanyama. Iyo polyp hombe mune rectum inogona kunzwiwa panguva yekuongorora kwese.

Mazhinji polyps anowanikwa aine anotevera bvunzo:

• Barium enema (kashoma kuitwa)
• Colonoscopy
• Sigmoidoscopy
• Stool bvunzo yeropa rakavanzika (zvemashiripiti) ropa
• Virtual colonoscopy
• Chitsiko DNA bvunzo
• Fecal immunochemical bvunzo (FIT)

Colorectal polyps inofanira kubviswa nekuti mamwe anogona kukura kuita gomarara. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, polyps inogona kubviswa panguva yekolonoscopy.

Kune vanhu vane adenomatous polyps, nyowani polyps inogona kuoneka mune ramangwana. Iwe unofanirwa kuve nekudzokorora colonoscopy, kazhinji makore gumi kusvika gumi gare gare, zvinoenderana ne:

• Zera rako uye hutano huzhinji
• Nhamba yepolyps iwe waive nayo
• Saizi uye mhando ye polyps
• Nhoroondo yemhuri yemapolyps kana kenza

Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitika, kana polyps angango shanduka kuita kenza kana yakakura kwazvo kubvisa panguva yekolonoscopy, mupi anokurudzira colectomy. Uku kuvhiya kubvisa chikamu chekoloni icho chine polyps.

Maonero acho akanaka kana mapurputi akabviswa. Polyps dzisina kubviswa dzinogona kukura kuita gomarara nekufamba kwenguva.

Fonera mupiki wako kana iwe uine:

• Ropa mukubuda ura
• Chinja muhunhu tsika

Kuti uderedze njodzi yekuvandudza polyps:

• Idya chikafu chisina mafuta uye idya michero yakawanda, miriwo, uye faibha.
• Usapute uye usanwa doro zvakanyanya.
• Chengetedza uremu hwemuviri.
• Gara uchiekisesaiza.

Wako mupi anogona kuraira colonoscopy kana kumwe kuongorora kwekuyedza:

• Iyi bvunzo inobatsira kudzivirira cancer yekoloni nekutsvaga nekubvisa polyps vasati vava cancer. Izvi zvinogona kudzikisira mukana wekurwara nekenza yekoloni, kana zvirinani kubatsira kubata icho muchikamu chayo chinonyanya kurapwa.
• Vanhu vazhinji vanofanirwa kutanga bvunzo idzi vaine makore makumi mashanu. Avo vane nhoroondo yemhuri yekenza yekoloni kana colon polyps vangangoda kuongororwa pazera rapfuura kana kazhinji.

Kutora aspirin, naproxen, ibuprofen, kana mimwe mishonga yakafanana zvinogona kubatsira kudzikisa njodzi yemapolyps matsva. Ziva kuti mishonga iyi inogona kuve nemhedzisiro yakaipa kana ikatorwa kwenguva yakareba. Zvimwe zvinokanganisa zvinosanganisira kubuda ropa mudumbu kana colon uye chirwere chemwoyo. Taura nemupi wako usati watora iyi mishonga.

Matumbo polyps; Polyps - colorectal; Adenomatous polyps; Hyperplastic polyps; Zvinoda adenomas; Serrated polyp; Serrated adenoma; Precancerous polyps; Kenza yekoloni - polyps; Kubuda ropa - macolorectal polyps

• Colonoscopy
• Kugaya chirongwa

Clinical Guidelines Committee yeAmerican College yeVanachiremba. Kuongorora kenza yakajeka mune asymptomatic avhareji- panjodzi vakuru: chirevo chekutungamira kubva kuAmerican College yeVarapi. Ann Mukati Med. 2019; 171 (9): 643-654. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31683290.

Garber JJ, Chung DC. Colonic polyps uye polyposis syndromes. Muna: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, eds. Sleisenger uye Fordtran's Gastrointestinal uye Chirwere Chiropa. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: chitsiko 126.

National Yakakwana Cancer Network webhusaiti. NCCN kiriniki yekudzidzira maitiro mune oncology (NCCN nhungamiro): colorectal cancer kuongorora. Shanduro 1.2020. www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/colon.pdf. Yakagadziridzwa May 6, 2020. Yakasvika June 10, 2020.

Rex DK, Boland CR, Dominitz JA, et al. Kuongorora kenza yakajeka: kurudziro yevanachiremba nevarwere vanobva kuU.S. Multi-Society Task Force paColorectal Cancer. Ndiri J Gastroenterol. 2017; 112 (7): 1016-1030. PMID: 28555630 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28555630.