Addison chirwere

Addison chirwere kusagadzikana kunoitika kana adrenal gland isingaite yakakwana mahormone.

Iwo adrenal gland idiki madiki-anoburitsa mahormone ari pamusoro peitsvo yega yega. Izvo zvinoumbwa nechikamu chekunze, chinonzi cortex, uye chikamu chemukati, chinonzi medulla.

Iyo cortex inogadzira mahormone matatu:

• Glucocorticoid mahormone (akadai secortisol) anochengetedza shuga (glucose) kudzora, kuderera (kudzvinyirira) mhinduro yemumuviri, uye kubatsira muviri kupindura kunetseka.
• Mineralocorticoid mahormone (senge aldosterone) anorongedza sodium, mvura uye potasiamu muyero.
• Zvepabonde mahormone, androgens (murume) uye estrogens (mukadzi), zvinokanganisa kukura pabonde uye bonde drive.

Addison chirwere chinoguma nekukuvara kune adrenal cortex. Kukuvara kunokonzera kuti cortex ibudise huwandu hwehomoni hwakanyanya kuderera.

Uku kukuvara kunogona kukonzerwa neinotevera:

• Iyo immune system inorwisa zvisirizvo idrenal gland (autoimmune chirwere)
• Zvirwere zvakadai setibhii, HIV, kana fungal hutachiona
• Hemorrhage mune adrenal glands
• Mamota

Njodzi zvinhu zve autoimmune mhando yeAdisonison chirwere anosanganisira zvimwe autoimmune hosha:

• Kuzvimba (kuzvimba) kweiyo gland gland iyo inowanzo gumisa kudzikiswa kwehutachiona basa (chisingaperi thyroiditis)
• Utachiona gland inogadzira yakanyanya hutachiona hutachiona (yakanyanyisa utachiona, chirwere cheGraves)
• Itchy kuputika nemabumps uye blisters (dermatitis herpetiformis)
• Parathyroid gland mumutsipa haigadzi yakakwana parathyroid hormone (hypoparathyroidism)
• Pituitary gland haina kuburitsa yakajairwa mamwe emamwe kana ayo ese mahormone (hypopituitarism)
• Autoimmune kusagadzikana kunokanganisa tsinga nemhasuru dzavanodzora (myasthenia gravis)
• Muviri hauna zvakakwana zvakakwana masero matsvuku eropa (anemia anemia)
• Machende haagone kuburitsa urume kana mahomoni echirume (testicular kutadza)
• Tora I chirwere cheshuga
• Kurasikirwa kwevaravara rerudzi (pigment) kubva munzvimbo dzeganda (vitiligo)

Zvimwe zvisingawanzoitika geni kuremara zvinogona zvakare kukonzera adrenal kusakwana.

Zviratidzo zvechirwere cheAddison zvinogona kusanganisira chero zvinotevera:

• Marwadzo emudumbu
• Chirwere chisingaperi, kusvotwa, uye kurutsa
  
• Kusviba kweganda
• Kupera mvura mumuviri
• Dzungu kana wasimuka
• Low-grade fever
• Shuga shoma yeropa
• Kuderera kweropa
• Kunyanya kushaya simba, kuneta, uye kunonoka, kufamba kune husimbe
• Ganda rakasviba mukati mematama nemiromo (buccal mucosa)
• Kunzwa munyu (kudya chikafu nemunyu wakawanda wakawedzerwa)
• Kurera huremu nekuderedza kudya

Zviratidzo zvinogona kunge zvisipo nguva dzese. Vanhu vazhinji vane zvimwe kana zvese izvi zviratidzo kana vaine hutachiona kana kumwe kunetseka pamuviri. Dzimwe nguva, ivo havana zviratidzo.

Anopa hutano anoita bvunzo dzepanyama uye obvunza nezvezviratidzo.

Bvunzo dzeRopa dzinogona kunge dzakarairwa uye dzinogona kuratidza:

• Yakawedzera potasium
• Kuderera kweropa, kunyanya nekuchinja kwechimiro chemuviri
• Chikamu chakadzika checortisol
• Yakaderera sodium chikamu
• Yakaderera pH
• Kazhinji testosterone uye estrogen mazinga, asi yakaderera DHEA nhanho
• Yakakwirira eosinophil kuverenga

Dzimwe bvunzo dzemarabhoritari dzinogona kurairwa.

Mimwe bvunzo inogona kusanganisira:

• Abdominal x-ray
• Abdominal CT scan
• Cosyntropin (ACTH) yekusimudzira bvunzo

Kurapa nekutsiva corticosteroids uye mineralocorticoids inodzora zviratidzo zvechirwere ichi. Iyi mishonga inowanzo kuda kutorwa kweupenyu hwese.

Usambofa wakasvetuka madosi emushonga wako weichi chiitiko nekuti hupenyu hunotyisidzira maitiro anogona kuitika.

Wako mupi anogona kukuudza iwe kuti uwedzere muyero wako kwenguva pfupi nekuda kwe:

• Utachiona
• Kukuvadza
• Kushungurudzika
• Kuvhiya

Munguva yekunyanyisa fomu yeadrenal kusakwana, inonzi adrenal dambudziko, unofanirwa kubaya hydrocortisone ipapo ipapo. Kurapa kwekuderera kweropa kunowanzodiwa zvakare.

Vamwe vanhu vane chirwere cheAdisonison vanodzidziswa kuzvipa jekiseni rekukurumidza rehydrocortisone panguva yekushushikana. Gara uchitakura ID yekurapa (kadhi, bracelet, kana chishongo) icho chinoti une adrenal insufficiency. Chitupa chinofanira zvakare kutaura mhando yemushonga uye chipimo chemushonga chaunoda kana paitika njodzi.

Nehomoni yekurapa, vanhu vazhinji vane chirwere cheAdisonison vanokwanisa kurarama hupenyu hwakajairika.

Matambudziko anogona kuitika kana iwe ukatora zvakawandisa kana zvakawandisa adrenal hormone.

Fonera mupiki wako kana:

• Iwe haugone kuchengeta mushonga wako pasi nekuda kwekurutsa.
• Iwe une kushushikana senge hutachiona, kukuvara, kushungurudzika, kana kupera mvura. Ungangoda kuti mishonga yako igadziriswe.
• Kurema kwako kunowedzera nekufamba kwenguva.
• Makumbo ako anotanga kuzvimba.
• Unovandudza zviratidzo zvitsva.
• Pakurapa, iwe unovandudza zviratidzo zvechirwere chinonzi Cushing syndrome

Kana iwe uine zviratidzo zveadrenal dambudziko, zvipe iwe jekiseni rekukurumidzira remushonga wako wakatemwa. Kana isingawanikwe, enda kune yepedyo kamuri yekukurumidzira kana kufonera 911.

Zviratidzo zveadrenal dambudziko zvinosanganisira:

• Marwadzo emudumbu
• Kunetseka kufema
• Dzungu kana hurema
• Kuderera kweropa
• Yakadzikira nhanho yekuziva

Adrenocortical hypofunction; Chisingaperi adrenocortical insufficiency; Primary adrenal insufficiency

• Endocrine masero

Barthel A, Benker G, Berens K, et al. Iyo yekuvandudza pane Addison's chirwere. Exp Clin Endocrinol Chirwere cheshuga. 2019; 127 (2-03): 165-175. PMID: 30562824 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30562824.

Bornstein SR, Allolio B, Arlt W, et al. Kuongororwa uye kurapwa kwekutanga adrenal Kusakwana: iyo Endocrine Society kiriniki yekudzidzira nhungamiro. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016; 101 (2): 364-389. PMID: PMC4880116 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4880116.

Nieman LK. Adrenal cortex. Mune: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Mushonga. 25th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chitsiko 227.