Yakapararira tibhii

Kupararira tibhii chirwere chemycobacterial umo mycobacteria yakapararira kubva mumapapu kuenda kune zvimwe zvikamu zvemuviri kuburikidza neropa kana lymph system.

Utachiona hweTuberculosis (TB) hunogona kukura mushure mekufema mumadonhwe akasaswa mumhepo kubva mukukosora kana kuhotsira nemumwe munhu akabatwa nechirwere. Mycobacterium tibhii bhakitiriya. Hutachiona hwemapapu hunoguma hunodaidzwa kuti chikuru TB.

Iyo yakajairwa nzvimbo yeTB mapapu (pulmonary TB), asi dzimwe nhengo dzinogona kuvepo. MuUnited States, vanhu vazhinji vane chirwere chepachirwere chepachirwere vanova nani uye havana humwe humbowo hwehosha. Kuparadzirwa kweTB kunovapo muhuwandu hushoma hwevanhu vane hutachiona uhwo hutachiona husina kubudirira hune hutachiona hwekutanga.

Kuparadzirwa kwechirwere kunogona kuitika mukati memavhiki ehutachiona hwekutanga. Dzimwe nguva, hazviitike kusvika makore mushure mekutapukirwa. Iwe unokwanisa kuwana rudzi urwu rweTB kana uine immune system isina simba nekuda kwechirwere (senge AIDS) kana mimwe mishonga. Vacheche nevakuru vakura vari panjodzi huru.

Ngozi yako yekubata TB inowedzera kana iwe:

• Vari padhuze nevanhu vane chirwere (senge panguva yekufamba mhiri kwemakungwa)
• Rarama munzvimbo dzakazara kana dzisina kuchena
• Iva nehutano husina kunaka

Izvi zvinotevera zvinhu zvinogona kuwedzera mwero wehutachiona hweTB muhuwandu hwevanhu:

• Kuwedzera kwehutachiona hweHIV
• Wedzera huwandu hwevanhu vasina pekugara vane dzimba dzisina kugadzikana (nharaunda isina kunaka uye chikafu)
• Kuonekwa kwehutachiona husingarapike nemishonga yeTB

Kupararira tibhii kunogona kukanganisa nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzemuviri. Zviratidzo zvinoenderana nenzvimbo dzakakanganiswa dzomuviri uye dzinogona kusanganisira:

• Kutambudzika kwepamuviri kana kuzvimba
• Kutonhora
• Kukosora uye kufema kwekufema
• Kuneta
• Kupindwa nechando
• Kazhinji kusagadzikana, kusagadzikana, kana kurwara (malaise)
• Joint kurwadziwa
• Pale ganda nekuda kwekushaya ropa (pallor)
• Kudikitira
• Kuzvimba gland
• Kuonda

Anopa hutano anoita bvunzo dzepanyama. Izvi zvinogona kuratidza:

• Chiropa chakazvimba
• Kuzvimba lymph node
• Dzimba yekuzvimba

Miedzo inogona kurairwa inosanganisira:

• Biopsies uye tsika dzeanokanganisa nhengo kana zvinyama
• Bronchoscopy yebhiopsy kana tsika
• Chest x-ray
• CT scan yenzvimbo yakakanganiswa
• Fundoscopy inogona kuratidza maronda eziso
• Interferon-gamma inosunungura bvunzo yeropa, senge iyo QFT-Goridhe bvunzo kuyedza kusati kwaonekwa neTB
• Lung biopsy
• Mycobacterial tsika yemabhonzo kana ropa
• Pleural biopsy
• Tuberculin ganda bvunzo (PPD bvunzo)
• Kuongorora sputum uye tsika
• Thoracentesis

Chinangwa chekurapa ndechekuporesa hutachiona nemishonga inorwisa hutachiona hweTB. Kurapa kweTB yakaparadzirwa kunosanganisira musanganiswa wemishonga yakati wandei (kazhinji iri 4). Yese mishonga inoenderera mberi kudzamara bvunzo dzichiratidza kuti ndedzipi dzinoshanda zvakanyanya

Ungangoda kunwa mapiritsi akasiyana siyana kwemwedzi mitanhatu kana kupfuura. Izvo zvakakosha kuti utore mapiritsi nenzira yaunorayirwa nemupi wako.

Kana vanhu vakasatora mishonga yavo yeTB sekurairwa, hutachiona hunogona kuzonyanya kunetsa kurapa. Utachiona hweTB hunogona kuramba husingarapike. Izvi zvinoreva kuti mishonga haichashandi.

Kana paine kunetsekana kwekuti munhu haangatore mishonga yese sekurairwa, mupi angangoda kutarisa munhu achitora mishonga yakatarwa. Iyi nzira inonzi yakatarwa kurapwa. Mune ino kesi, mishonga inogona kupihwa kaviri kana katatu pasvondo, sekurairwa nemupi.

Ungangoda kugara pamba kana kupinzwa muchipatara kwemavhiki maviri kusvika mana kuti usaparadzira chirwere kune vamwe kusvikira usisatapurirane.

Anokupa anogona kudiwa nemutemo kuti utaure chirwere chako cheTB kudhipatimendi rezvehutano remunharaunda. Boka rako rezvehutano rinozoona kuti iwe unowana chengetedzo yepamusoro.

Mhando zhinji dzeTB dzakaparadzirwa dzinopindura mushe pakurapwa. Iyo turu iyo inokanganisika, senge mapfupa kana majoini, inogona kuve nekukuvara kusingaperi nekuda kwehutachiona.

Matambudziko eparadzira TB anogona kusanganisira:

• Vakuru kufema kunetseka syndrome (ARDS)
• Chiropa kuzvimba
• Kukundikana kwemapapu
• Kudzoka kwechirwere

Mishonga inoshandiswa kurapa TB inogona kukonzera mhedzisiro, kusanganisira:

• Shanduko muchiono
• Orenji- kana machena-mavara-misodzi misodzi uye weti
• Mapundu
• Chiropa kuzvimba

Chiyero chekuona chinogona kuitwa usati warapwa kuitira kuti chiremba wako agone kuongorora chero shanduko muhutano hwemaziso ako.

Fonera mupiki wako kana iwe uchiziva kana kufungidzira kuti wakambosangana neTB. Mhando dzose dzeTB nekuratidzwa zvinoda kukurumidza kuongororwa uye kurapwa.

TB chirwere chinodzivirirwa, kunyangwe mune avo vakaoneswa kune munhu ane hutachiona. Kuongororwa kweganda reTB kunoshandiswa muhuwandu hwevanhu vane njodzi kana mune vanhu vanogona kunge vakasangana neTB, sevashandi vehutano.

Vanhu vakambosangana neTB vanofanirwa kuongororwa ganda nekukasika uye vozoitwa ongororo inotevera, kana yekutanga isina.

Kuongororwa kwakanaka kweganda kunoreva kuti wasangana nehutachiona hweTB. Hazvireve kuti une chirwere chinoshanda kana chinotapukira. Taura nachiremba wako nezve nzira yekudzivirira kuwana tibhii.

Kukurumidza kurapwa kwakakosha mukudzora kupararira kweTB kubva kune avo vane chirwere cheTB kune avo vasina kumbobatwa neTB.

Dzimwe nyika dzine huturu hweTB dzinopa vanhu nhomba (inonzi BCG) yekudzivirira TB. Kubudirira kwechirwere ichi kushoma uye hakuwanzoshandiswa muUnited States.

Vanhu vakave neBGG vanogona kunge vachiri kuongororwa ganda kuTB. Kurukurai mhedzisiro yekuyedzwa (kana iri yakanaka) nemupi wako.

Miliary tibhii; Tiibhii - inoparadzirwa; Extrapulmonary tibhii

• Tiibhii muitsvo
• Tiibhii mumapapu
• Mapapu emushandi wemarasha - chest x-ray
• Tiibhii, mberi - chipfuva x-mwaranzi
• Miliary tibhii
• Erythema multiforme, maronda akatenderera - maoko
• Erythema nodosum inosangana nesarcoidosis
• Kutenderera system

Ellner JJ, Jacobson KR. Tiibhii. Mune: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Mushonga. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chitsiko 308.

Fitzgerald DW, Sterling TR, Haas DW. Mycobacterium tibhii. Mune: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, uye Bennett's Maitiro uye Maitiro Ezvirwere zvinotapukira. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chitsama 249.