Brain bundu - vana

Bundu repfungwa iboka (uremu) remasero asina kujairika anokura muuropi.

Ichi chinyorwa chinotarisa pamatomu ekutanga ehuropi muvana.

Icho chinokonzeresa chekutanga matumbo ehuropi kazhinji hachizivikanwe. Mamwe mapundu ekutanga ehuropi anosanganiswa nemamwe ma syndromes kana ane tsika yekumhanya mumhuri:

• Kwete kenza (benign)
• Inopisa (pararira kunzvimbo dziri padyo)
• Cancer (yakaipa)

Mamota ehuropi anosarudzwa zvichienderana ne:

• Nzvimbo chaiyo yebundu
• Mhando yetissue inobatanidzwa
• Kunyangwe iri cancer

Mamota ehuropi anogona kuparadza maseru ehuropi. Vanogona zvakare zvisina kunangana kukuvadza masero nekusundira kune mamwe mativi ehuropi. Izvi zvinotungamira mukuzvimba uye nekuwedzera kumanikidza mukati mehenya.

Mamota anogona kuitika chero zera. Mamota mazhinji anowanzoitika pane rimwe zera. Kazhinji, tumarara muuropi muvana hazviwanzo.

ZVIITIKO ZVINOGARA

Astrocytomas anowanzo asina cancer, inononoka kukura mamota. Ivo vanowanzo kukura muvana vane makore mashanu kusvika pamashanu. Iyo inonziwo yakaderera-giredhi gliomas, aya ndiwo akajairika matumhu ehuropi muvana.

Medulloblastomas ndiyo yakajairika mhando yekenza yeuropi cancer Mazhinji medulloblastomas anoitika pamberi pemakore gumi.

Ependymomas rudzi rwehuhanda hwehuropi bundu iro rinogona kunge riine benign (risinganetsi cancer) kana rakaipisisa (cancer).Iyo nzvimbo uye mhando yeependymoma inosarudza mhando yerapi inodiwa kudzora bundu.

Brainstem gliomas ane mashoma mashoma mamota anowanzoitika mune vana chete. Ivhareji zera ravanokura irinenge 6. Bundu rinogona kukura rakakura kwazvo risati raunza zviratidzo.

Zviratidzo zvinogona kunge zvakavanzika uye zvishoma nezvishoma zvichitowedzera, kana zvinogona kuitika nekukurumidza.

Kutemwa nemusoro kazhinji ndicho chiratidzo chinowanzoonekwa. Asi chete kazhinji kacho vana vane misoro vane bundu. Misoro yemusoro maitiro ayo anogona kuitika nemamota ehuropi anosanganisira:

• Kutemwa nemusoro kwakanyanya kana uchimuka mangwanani woenda mukati memaawa mashoma
• Kutemwa nemusoro kunowedzera nekukosora kana kurovedza muviri, kana nekuchinja chinzvimbo chemuviri
• Kutemwa nemusoro kunoitika kana wakarara uye uine chimwewo chiratidzo sekurutsa kana kuvhiringidzika

Dzimwe nguva, izvo chete zviratidzo zvehuropi tumarara shanduko dzepfungwa, dzinogona kusanganisira:

• Shanduko pahunhu uye maitiro
• Kutadza kuisa pfungwa
• Kuwedzera kurara
• Kurasikirwa kwendangariro
• Matambudziko nekufunga

Zvimwe zvinogona kuitika zviratidzo ndezvi:

• Kusanzwisisika kugara uchirutsa
• Zvishoma nezvishoma kurasikirwa kwekufamba kana kunzwa mune ruoko kana gumbo
• Kunzwa kurasikirwa pamwe kana pasina dzungu
• Kunetsa kwekutaura
• Dambudziko rekuona risingatarisirike (kunyanya kana rikaitika nemusoro), kusanganisira kurasikirwa kwemaonero (kazhinji kwemaonero ekuona) mune rimwe kana ese maziso, kana kuona kaviri
• Matambudziko nekuenzanisa
• Kushaya simba kana chiveve

Anopa hutano anoita bvunzo dzepanyama. Vacheche vanogona kuve nezviratidzo zvemuviri zvinotevera:

• Kubhururuka fontanelle
• Akawedzera maziso
• Hapana red reflex muziso
• Yakanaka Babinski reflex
• Akaparadzaniswa suture

Vakwegura vana vane mamota europi vanogona kuve nezviratidzo zvemuviri zvinotevera kana zviratidzo:

• Kutemwa nemusoro
• Kusvipa
• Chiono chinoshanduka
• Chinja mafambiro anoita mwana (gait)
• Kushaya simba kwechimwe chikamu chemuviri
• Kurereka musoro

Iyi miedzo inotevera inogona kushandiswa kuona bundu rehuropi uye kuona kwayiri:

• CT scan yemusoro
• MRI yeuropi
• Kuongororwa kwecebral spinal fluid (CSF)

Kurapa kunoenderana nesaizi uye mhando yemota uye hutano hwese hwemwana. Zvinangwa zvekurapa zvinogona kunge zviri zvekurapa bundu, kubvisa zviratidzo, uye kugadzirisa mashandiro ehuropi kana kunyaradzwa kwemwana.

Kuvhiya kunodiwa kune mazhinji ekutanga matumbo ehuropi. Mamwe mamota anogona kubviswa zvachose. Mune zviitiko apo bundu risingakwanise kubviswa, kuvhiyiwa kunogona kubatsira kudzikisa kumanikidza uye kubvisa zviratidzo. Chemotherapy kana radiation radiation inogona kushandiswa kune mamwe mamota.

Izvi zvinotevera kurapwa kwemhando dzakasiyana dzemamota.

• Astrocytoma: Kuvhiya kubvisa bundu ndiko kurapwa kukuru. Chemotherapy kana radiation radiation inogona zvakare kudikanwa.
• Brainstem gliomas: Kuvhiya kunogona kusakwanisika nekuda kwenzvimbo yebundu yakadzika muuropi. Radiation inoshandiswa kudzikisa bundu uye kuwedzera hupenyu. Dzimwe nguva yakanangwa chemotherapy inogona kushandiswa.
• Ependymomas: Kurapa kunosanganisira kuvhiya. Radiation uye chemotherapy inogona kudikanwa.
• Medulloblastomas: Kuvhiya kwega hakurape mhando yemota iyi. Chemotherapy ine kana isina radiation inowanzo shandiswa pamwe nekuvhiya.

Mishonga inoshandiswa kurapa vana vane huturu hwepfungwa dzinosanganisira:

• Corticosteroids yekudzora huropi kuzvimba
• Diuretics (mapiritsi emvura) ekuderedza kuzvimba kwehuropi uye kumanikidza
• Anticonvulsants yekudzora kana kudzivirira kubatika
• Mishonga yemarwadzo
• Chemotherapy kubatsira kudzikisa bundu kana kudzivirira bundu kubva mukukura shure

Matanho ekunyaradza, matanho ekuchengetedza, kurapwa kwepanyama, kurapwa kwenyaya, uye mamwe matanho akadaro anogona kudikanwa kusimudzira hupenyu.

Unogona kudzikisira kushushikana kwehurwere nekujoinha boka rekutsigira gomarara. Kugovana nevamwe vane zvakajairika zviitiko uye matambudziko zvinogona kubatsira iwe nemwana wako kuti munzwe kushoma.

Kuita zvakanaka kwemwana kunoenderana nezvinhu zvakawanda, kusanganisira mhando yemota. Kazhinji, vana vatatu pavana vana vanorarama makore mashanu mushure mekuonekwa.

Yakareba-nguva huropi uye huta hurongwa matambudziko anogona kukonzeresa kubva bundu iro pacharo kana kubva kurapwa. Vana vanogona kuve nematambudziko nekutarisisa, kutarisisa, kana ndangariro. Ivo vanogona zvakare kuve nematambudziko ekugadzirisa ruzivo, kuronga, kunzwisisa, kana kutanga kana kuda kuita zvinhu.

Vana vadiki pazera remakore manomwe, kunyanya vadiki pazera rechitatu, vanoita kunge vari panjodzi huru yezvinetso izvi.

Vabereki vanofanirwa kuona kuti vana vanowana rubatsiro rwekutsigira kumba uye kuchikoro.

Daidza mupi kana mwana achirwara nemusoro usingaendi kana zvimwe zviratidzo zvebundu repfungwa.

Enda kuimba yekukurumidzira kana mwana akatanga chero chinotevera.

• Kushaya simba mumuviri
• Chinja maitiro
• Musoro wakakomba wechikonzero chisingazivikanwe
• Kubatwa kwechikonzero chisingazivikanwe
• Chiono chinoshanduka
• Kutaura kunochinja

Glioblastoma multiforme - vana; Ependymoma - vana; Glioma - vana; Astrocytoma - vana; Medulloblastoma - vana; Neuroglioma - vana; Oligodendroglioma - vana; Meningioma - vana; Kenza - huta hwehuropi (vana)

• Radhi radiation - kubuda
• Kuvhiya kwehuropi - kubuda
• Chemotherapy - chii chekubvunza chiremba wako
• Radiation Therapy - mibvunzo yekubvunza chiremba wako

• Ubongo
• Chikuru chepfungwa bundu

Kieran MW, Chi SN, Manley PE, et al. Mamota europi uye musana. Mune: Orkin SH, Fisher DE, Ginsburg D, Tarisa AT, Lux SE, Nathan DG, eds. Natani naOski Hematology uye Oncology yehucheche nehucheche. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: chits. 57.

National Cancer Institute webhusaiti. Uropi hwehucheche uye musana tambo mamota ekurapa kuongororwa (PDQ): hutano nyanzvi vhezheni. www.cancer.gov/types/brain/hp/child-brain-treatment-pdq. Yakagadziridzwa Nyamavhuvhu 2, 2017. Yakasvika Nyamavhuvhu 26, 2019.

Zaky W, Ater JL, Khatua S. Brain tumors mune hudiki. Mune: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Chinyorwa chePediatrics. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 524.