Hormone kurapwa kwekenza yemazamu

Hormone kurapa kurapa kenza yemazamu inoshandisa zvinodhaka kana kurapwa kudzikisa nhanho kana kuvharira chiitiko chevakadzi mahormone epabonde (estrogen uye progesterone) mumuviri wemukadzi. Izvi zvinobatsira kudzora kukura kwekenza yakawanda yemazamu.

Hormone kurapwa inoita kuti kenza isanyanya kudzoka mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwekenza yemazamu. Inodzorawo kukura kwekenza yemazamu yakapararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzomuviri.

Hormone therapy inogona zvakare kushandiswa kubatsira kudzivirira cancer mukati mevakadzi vane njodzi huru yekenza yemazamu.

Izvo zvakasiyana nehomoni yekurapa kurapa zviratidzo zvekuguma kuenda kumwedzi.

Mahormone estrogen uye progesterone zvinoita kuti mamwe kanzira yemazamu ikure. Dzinodaidzwa kunzi dzekenza yemazamu inonzwisisika. Makenza mazhinji emuzamu anonzwisisa mahormone.

Estrogen uye progesterone zvinogadzirwa mumazai uye mamwe matukisi akadai semafuta neganda. Mushure mekuguma kuenda kumwedzi, maovari anomira kuburitsa mahormone aya. Asi muviri unoramba uchiita shoma.

Hormone kurapa inoshanda chete pamakenza anonzwisisa mahormone. Kuti vaone kana kurapa kwehomoni kungashanda, vanachiremba vanoedza sampu yebundu iro rakabviswa panguva yekuvhiyiwa kuti vaone kana gomarara ringave rine huhasha nemahomoni.

Hormone therapy inogona kushanda munzira mbiri:

• Nekudzivirira iyo estrogen kubva mukuita pane cancer maseru
• Nekuderedza masero esrogen mumuviri wemukadzi

Mimwe mishonga inoshanda nekuvhara estrogen kubva mukukonzera maseru ekenza kukura.

Tamoxifen (Nolvadex) mushonga unodzivirira estrogen kubva kuudza cancer maseru kuti akure. Iyo ine akati wandei mabhenefiti:

• Kutora Tamoxifen kwemakore mashanu mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwekenza yemazamu kunoderedza mukana wekenza kudzoka nehafu. Zvimwe zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kuti kuitora kwemakore gumi kunogona kushanda zvirinani.
• Iyo inoderedza njodzi yekuti gomarara richakura mune rimwe zamu.
• Iyo inononoka kukura uye inoderedza cancer yakapararira.
• Iyo inoderedza njodzi yekubatwa nekenza mune vakadzi vane njodzi huru.

Mimwe mishonga inoshanda nenzira imwechete inoshandiswa kurapa kenza yepamberi yakapararira:

• Toremifene (Fareston)
• Fulvestrant (Faslodex)

Mimwe mishonga, inonzi aromatase inhibitors (AI), inomisa muviri kubva mukugadzira estrogen mumatumbu akadai semafuta neganda. Asi, iyi mishonga haishande kuti ovha irege kugadzira estrogen. Neichi chikonzero, ivo vanonyanya kushandiswa kudzikisa esrogen mazinga mumadzimai anga ave kuburikidza nekuguma kuenda kumwedzi (postmenopausal). Mazai avo haachaiti estrogen.

Premenopausal vakadzi vanogona kutora AI kana ivo vari kutorawo mishonga inomisa mazai avo kubva mukugadzira estrogen.

Aromatase inhibitors anosanganisira:

• Anastrozole (Arimidex)
• Letrozole (Femara)
• Exemestane (Aromasin)

Rudzi urwu rwekurapa runongoshanda mune vakadzi ve premenopausal vane maovari anoshanda. Inogona kubatsira mamwe marudzi ekurapwa kwehomoni kushanda zvirinani. Inoshandiswawo kurapa cancer yakapararira.

Pane nzira nhatu dzekudzikisa esrogen mazinga kubva kune ovari:

• Kuvhiya kubvisa mazai
• Radiation yekukuvadza mazai kuitira kuti asashande, zvinova zvechigarire
• Zvinodhaka senge goserelin (Zoladex) uye leuprolide (Lupron) izvo zvinomisa maovari kwenguva pfupi kubva mukugadzira estrogen

Chero ipi yemaitiro aya inoisa mukadzi mukutevera. Izvi zvinokonzera zviratidzo zvekuguma kuenda kumwedzi:

• Kupisa kunopisa
• Night sweats
• Vaginal kuoma
• Mafungiro anochinja
• Kushungurudzika
• Kupera kufarira bonde

Iyo mhedzisiro mhedzisiro yehomoni yekurapa inoenderana nemushonga. Zvakajairika mhedzisiro zvinosanganisira kupisa kunopisa, kudikitira usiku, uye kuoma kwechikadzi.

Mimwe mishonga inogona kukonzeresa kujairika asi zvakakomba mhedzisiro, senge:

• Tamoxifen. Ropa rakagwamba, sitiroko, cataract, endometrial uye uterine cancer, kusanduka kwemamiriro, kushushikana, uye kurasikirwa kwekufarira pabonde.
• Aromatase inhibitors. Cholesterol yakakwira, kurwara kwemoyo, kurasikirwa kwepfupa, kurwadziwa pamwe chete, kusanduka kwemamiriro, uye kushushikana
• Fulvestrant. Kupererwa nechido, kuda kurutsa, kurutsa, kuzvimbirwa, manyoka, kurwadziwa nemudumbu, kushaya simba uye kurwadziwa.

Kufunga nezve kurapwa kwehomoni yekenza yemazamu kunogona kunge kwakaomarara uye kunyange kwakaoma sarudzo. Rudzi rwekurapa iwe rwaunogamuchira runogona kubva pane kana iwe wapfuura panguva yekumira usati warapwa kenza yemazamu. Izvo zvakare zvinogona kuvimba nekuti iwe unoda kuita vana here. Kutaura nemupi wako wezvehutano nezvezvaunogona kuita uye zvakanakira nenjodzi pakurapwa kwega kwega kunogona kukubatsira kuita sarudzo yakanakira iwe.

Hormonal therapy - kenza yemazamu; Hormone kurapwa - kenza yemazamu; Endocrine kurapa; Hormone-inonzwisisika kanzura - kurapwa; ER yakanaka - kurapa; Aromatase inhibitors - kenza yemazamu

American Cancer Society webhusaiti. Hormone kurapwa kwekenza yemazamu. www.cancer.org/cancer/breast-cancer/treatment/hormone-therapy-for-breast-cancer.html. Yakagadziridzwa Nyamavhuvhu 18, 2019. Yakasvika munaNovember 11, 2019.

Henry NL, Shah PD, Haider I, Freer PE, Jagsi R, Sabel MS. Kenza yezamu. Mune: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, eds. Abeloff's Clinical Oncology. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 88.

National Cancer Institute webhusaiti. Hormone kurapwa kwekenza yemazamu. www.cancer.gov/types/breast/breast-hormone-therapy-fact-sheet. Yakagadziridzwa Kukadzi 14, 2017. Yakasvika munaNovember 11, 2019.

Rugo HS, Rumble RB, Macrae E, uye al. Endocrine kurapa kwehormone receptor-yakanaka metastatic kenza yemazamu: American Society of Clinical Oncology Guideline. J Clin Oncol. 2016; 34 (25): 3069-3103. PMID: 27217461 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27217461.

• Kenza Yezamu