Cryptococcosis

Cryptococcosis hutachiona nefungus Cryptococcus neoformans uye Cryptococcus gattii.

C neoformans uye C gattii ndidzo fungi dzinokonzeresa chirwere ichi. Kubatwa ne C neoformans inoonekwa pasi rose. Kubatwa ne C gattii yave ichinyanya kuonekwa munzvimbo yePacific Northwest yeUnited States, British Columbia muCanada, Southeast Asia, uye Australia. Cryptococcus ndiyo fungus yakajairika iyo inokonzeresa hutachiona hwakakomba pasirese.

Mhando mbiri dzefungi dzinowanikwa muvhu. Kana iwe uchifemera iyo fungus mukati, inotapura mapapu ako. Hutachiona hunogona kubva pachahwo, hunogara mumapapu chete, kana kupararira mumuviri wese (kuparadzira). C neoformans hutachiona hunowanzoonekwa muvanhu vane immune system isina kusimba, sevaya vanoti:

• Vane hutachiwana hweHIV / AIDS
• Tora mibairo yakakwira yemishonga yecorticosteroid
• Gomarara
• Ari pane chemotherapy mishonga yekenza
• Iva nechirwere cheHodgkin
• Wakave nekuiswa nhengo

C gattii inogona kukanganisa vanhu vane immune system.

C neoformans ndicho chinonyanya kutyisidzira hupenyu hutachiona hwehutachiona muvanhu vane HIV / AIDS.

Vanhu vari pakati pemakore makumi maviri kusvika makumi mana ekuberekwa vane hutachiona uhu.

Hutachiona hungapararira kuuropi muvanhu vane immune system isina kusimba. Neurological (brain) zviratidzo zvinotanga zvishoma nezvishoma. Vazhinji vanhu vane kuzvimba uye kutsamwa kwehuropi uye musana wemusana pavanoonekwa. Zviratidzo zvehutachiona hutachiona zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Fivha nemusoro
• Kuomesa kwemitsipa
• Kusvotwa uye kurutsa
• Kuona kwakashata kana kuona kaviri
• Kuvhiringidzika

Utachiona hunogona kukanganisa mapapu uye dzimwe nhengo. Zviratidzo zvemapapu zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Kuoma mukufema
• Kukosora
• Kurwadziwa pachifuva

Zvimwe zviratidzo zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Kurwadziwa kwepfupa kana hunyoro hwechipfuva
• Kuneta
• Kuputika kweganda, kusanganisira pini tsvuku tsvuku (petechiae), maronda, kana zvimwe maronda eganda
• Kudikitira - kujairika, kunyanya usiku
• Kuzvimba gland
• Kurasikirwa kwekurema kwemaune

Vanhu vane immune immune system vanogona kunge vasina zviratidzo zvachose.

Anopa hutano anozoongorora bvunzo uye obvunza nezvezviratidzo uye nhoroondo yekufamba. Iko kuongorora kwepanyama kunogona kuratidza:

• Kufema kusingaite kunonzwika
• Kukurumidza kurova kwemoyo
• Kupindwa nechando
• Mamiriro epfungwa anochinja
• Mutsipa wakaoma

Miedzo inogona kuitwa inosanganisira:

• Tsika yeropa kusiyanisa pakati pemafungi maviri
• CT scan yemusoro
• Sputum tsika uye tsvina
• Lung biopsy
• Bronchoscopy uye bronchoalveolar lavage
• Spinal tap kuti uwane sampuli yecebrospinal fluid (CSF)
• Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tsika uye kumwe bvunzo kutarisa zviratidzo zvehutachiona
• Chest x-ray
• Cryptococcal antigen bvunzo (inotsvaga imwe mamorekuru anodururwa kubva kumadziro esero e Cryptococcus chakuvhe muropa kana CSF)

Fungal mishonga inorayirwa vanhu vane hutachiona hwe cryptococcus.

Mishonga inosanganisira:

• Amphotericin B (inogona kuve nemhedzisiro yakaipa)
• Flucytosine
• Fluconazole

Central nervous system kubatanidzwa kunowanzo kukonzera kufa kana kutungamira mukukuvara kusingaperi.

Fonera mupiki wako kana iwe ukava nezviratidzo zve cryptococcosis, kunyanya kana uine utachiona husina simba.

C. neoformans var. neoformans hutachiona; C. neoformans var. gatti hutachiona; C. neoformans var. grubii hutachiona

• Cryptococcus - cutaneous paruoko
• Cryptococcosis pahuma
• Chakuvhe

Kauffman CA, Chen SC-A. Cryptococcosis. Mune: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Mushonga. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chits. 317.

Yakakwana JR. Cryptococcosis (Cryptococcus neoformans uye Cryptococcus gattii). Mune: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, uye Bennett's Maitiro uye Maitiro Ezvirwere zvinotapukira. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 262.

Robles WS, Ameen M. Cryptococcosis. Mune: Lebwohl MG, Heymann WR, Berth-Jones J, Coulson IH, eds. Kurapa kweGanda Rezvirwere: Dzakakwana Therapeutic Strategies. 5 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chits. 49.