Phonological kusagadzikana

Phonological kusagadzikana rudzi rwekutaura kurira kurira. Kutaurisa kurira kwekukanganisa ndiko kusakwanisa kunyatsogadzira maruzha emazwi. Kutaura kwekunetseka kurira zvakare kunosanganisira kutaura kwekusagadzikana, kusagadzikana, uye kusagadzikana kwezwi.

Vana vane phonological kusagadzikana havashandise zvimwe kana ese ekutaura manzwi kugadzira mazwi anotarisirwa kumwana wezera ravo.

Dambudziko iri rinowanzoitika muvakomana.

Chikonzero chephonological kusagadzikana muvana kazhinji hachizivikanwe. Hama dzepedyo dzinogona kunge dzaive nematambudziko ekutaura nemitauro.

Mumwana achikura zvakajairika maitiro ekutaura:

• Nezera 3, inenge hafu yezvinotaurwa nemwana inofanirwa kunzwisiswa nemunhu asingazivikanwe.
• Mwana anofanirwa kuita ruzha rwakawanda nemazera emakore mana kana mashanu, kunze kwemisvo mishoma senge l, s, r, v, z, ch, sh, uye th.
• Ruzha rwakaomarara runogona kunge rusiri rwechokwadi kusvika makore manomwe kana masere.

Zvakajairika kuti vana vadiki vaite zvikanganiso zvekutaura sezvo mutauro wavo unokura.

Vana vane chirwere chephonological vanoramba vachishandisa mataurirwo asiri iwo ekutaura apfuura zera ravaifanira kunge vakarega kuvashandisa.

Mitemo isina kukodzera yekutaura kana mapatani anosanganisira kudonhedza izwi rekutanga kana rekupedzisira rezwi rega rega kana kutsiva mamwe manzwi evamwe.

Vana vanogona kusiya ruzha kunyangwe ivo vachikwanisa kududza izwi rimwe chete kana zvikaitika mune mamwe mazwi kana muzvinyorwa zvisina musoro. Semuenzaniso, mwana anodonhedza makonendi ekupedzisira anogona kuti "boo" ye "bhuku" uye "pi" ye "nguruve", asi anogona kunge asina dambudziko kutaura mazwi akaita se "kiyi" kana "enda".

Kukanganisa uku kunogona kuita kuti zviomere vamwe vanhu kuti vanzwisise mwana. Nhengo dzemhuri chete ndivo vanokwanisa kunzwisisa mwana ane chirwere chakanyanya kutaura phonological.

Nyanzvi yekutaura mutauro inogona kuongorora chirwere chephonological. Vanogona kukumbira mwana kuti ataure mamwe mazwi uye vozoshandisa bvunzo senge Arizona-4 (Arizona Articulation uye Phonology Scale, 4th kudzokorora).

Vana vanofanirwa kuongororwa kuti vabatsire kutonga kusagadzikana kusingaenderane nezvinetso zvemazwi. Izvi zvinosanganisira:

• Zvinetso zvekuziva (sekuremara kwepfungwa)
• Kunzwa kukanganisika
• Mamiriro ezvinhu eurourological (senge cerebral palsy)
• Zvinetso zvepanyama (senge pakapenga muromo)

Anopa hutano anofanira kubvunza mibvunzo, senge kana pataurwa mitauro inopfuura imwechete kana mumwe mutauro kumba.

Mafomu akaomarara echirwere ichi anogona kuenda ega neanosvika makore matanhatu.

Kurapa kwekutaura kunogona kubatsira zvakanyanya zviratidzo zvakakomba kana matambudziko ekutaura asingaite nani. Therapy inogona kubatsira mwana kugadzira ruzha. Semuenzaniso, murapi anogona kuratidza pekuisa rurimi kana maitiro ekuumba miromo kana uchiita ruzha.

Mhedzisiro yacho inoenderana nezera iro chirwere chakatanga uye kuti chakanyanya sei. Vana vazhinji vanozoenderera nekukudziridza kutaura kwakajairika.

Muzviitiko zvakakomba, mwana anogona kuve nematambudziko kunzwisiswa kunyangwe nenhengo dzemhuri. Mune mafomu akareruka, mwana anogona kunetseka kunzwisiswa nevanhu vasiri vemhuri. Zvemagariro uye zvedzidzo matambudziko (kuverenga kana kunyora hurema) zvinogona kuitika semhedzisiro.

Fonera mupiki wako kana mwana wako ari:

• Zvichiri zvakaoma kunzwisisa nezera rechina
• Ndichiri kutadza kuita mamwe manzwi nezera rechitanhatu
• Kusiya kunze, kuchinja, kana kutsiva mamwe manzwi pazera ramakore manomwe
• Kuva nezvinetso zvekutaura zvinonyadzisa

Kuvandudza phonological kusagadzikana; Kutaura kurira kusagadzikana; Kutaura kusagadzikana - phonological

Carter RG, Feigelman S. Makore ekuchikoro. Mune: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Chinyorwa chePediatrics. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chitsama 24.

Kelly DP, Natale MJ. Neurodevelopmental uye Executive basa uye kusagadzikana. Mune: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Chinyorwa chePediatrics. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chitsipa 48.

Simms MD. Kukurudzira mutauro uye matambudziko ekutaurirana. Mune: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Chinyorwa chePediatrics. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chits. 52.

Trauner DA, Nass RD. Kukura kwemitauro kusagadzikana. Mune: Swaiman KF, Ashwal S, Ferriero DM, et al, eds. Swaiman's Pediatric Neurology: Misimboti uye Maitiro. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: chits. 53.