Kucherekedza kushomeka kwehutano kusagadzikana

Kucherechedzwa kwekushomeka kwehutano kusagadzikana (ADHD) idambudziko rinokonzerwa nekuvapo kweimwe kana dzakawanda zvezviwanikwa izvi: kusakwanisa kutarisa, kunyanyisa, kana kusakwanisa kudzora maitiro.

ADHD inowanzotanga muhudiki. Asi zvinogona kupfuurira mumakore ekukura. ADHD inowanikwa kakawanda muvakomana kupfuura vasikana.

Hazvisi pachena kuti chii chinokonzera ADHD. Inogona kuve yakabatana nemajini uye kumba kana zvemagariro zvinhu. Nyanzvi dzakaona kuti uropi hwevana vane ADHD hwakasiyana nehwevana vasina ADHD. Makemikari ehuropi akasiyanawo.

Zviratidzo zveAdHD zvinowira mumapoka matatu:

• Kusakwanisa kutarisa (kusatarisira)
• Kunyanya kushingaira (kusagadzikana)
• Kusakwanisa kudzora hunhu (kusagadzikana)

Vamwe vanhu vane ADHD vane zviratidzo zvisingaite. Vamwe vane zvakanyanya kusagadzikana uye kusagadzikana zviratidzo. Vamwe vane mubatanidzwa wezviito izvi.

Zviratidzo zvekufungidzira

• Hazviteereri kune zvakadzama kana kuita zvisina hanya mukukanganisa mune zvechikoro
• Ane matambudziko ekutarisa panguva yemabasa kana kutamba
• Haiteereri kana ichitaurwa yakananga
• Haiteedzere pane mirairo uye haapedze basa rechikoro kana epamba
• Ane matambudziko ekuronga mabasa uye zviitiko
• Kunzvenga kana kusada mabasa anoda kushanda nesimba kwepfungwa (sekuita basa rechikoro)
• Kazhinji inorasikirwa nezvinhu, zvakaita sebasa rechikoro kana matoyi
• Inotsauswa nyore nyore
• Inowanzo kanganwa

HYPERACTIVITY Zviratidzo

• Fidgets kana squirms pachigaro
• Vanosiya zvigaro zvavo pavanofanirwa kugara pachigaro chavo
• Anomhanya pamusoro kana kukwira pavanofanirwa kunge vasina kudaro
• Ane matambudziko ekutamba kana kushanda chinyararire
• Kazhinji "pakuenda," anoita sekunge "inotyairwa nemota"
• Anotaura nguva dzose

ZVINOKOSHA Zviratidzo

• Inokanganisa mhinduro mibvunzo isati yapera
• Ane matambudziko akamirira mukana wavo
• Kukanganisa kana kupindira pane vamwe (mabhuti mukutaurirana kana mumitambo)

Zvakawanda zvezviwanikwa pamusoro zviripo muvana pavanenge vachikura. Kuti matambudziko aya aonekwe seADHD, anofanirwa kunge ari kunze kweyakajairwa zera remunhu uye kukura.

Iko hakuna bvunzo inogona kuongorora ADHD. Kuongororwa kunoenderana nemhando yezviratidzo zvakanyorwa pamusoro. Kana mwana achifungidzirwa kuti ane ADHD, vabereki nevadzidzisi vanowanzo kuverengerwa panguva yekuongorora.

Vazhinji vana vane ADHD vane imwe kana rimwe dambudziko rekukura kana hutano hwepfungwa. Izvi zvinogona kuve mamood, kushushikana, kana kusagadzikana kwekushandisa zvinhu. Kana, inogona kunge iri dambudziko rekudzidza kana kusagadzikana kwedzidziso.

Kurapa ADHD mubatanidzwa pakati peanopa hutano uye munhu ane ADHD. Kana ari mwana, vabereki uye kazhinji vadzidzisi vanobatanidzwa. Kuti kurapwa kurape, zvakakosha ku:

• Gadza zvinangwa zvakanangana nemwana.
• Tanga mushonga kana kutaura kurapwa, kana zvese zviri zviviri.
• Tevedza-nguva nenguva nachiremba kuti utarise zvinangwa, mhedzisiro, uye chero mhedzisiro yemishonga.

Kana kurapwa kuchiratidzika kunge kusingashande, mupi angangodaro:

• Simbisa kuti munhu ane ADHD.
• Tarisa uone matambudziko ehutano anogona kukonzera zvakafanana zviratidzo.
• Ita shuwa kuti chirongwa chekurapa chiri kuteverwa.

MISHONGA

Mushonga wakasanganiswa nehunhu hwekurapa unowanzo shanda zvakanyanya. Mimwe mishonga yeADHD inogona kushandiswa yoga kana kusanganiswa. Chiremba anozofunga kuti ndeupi mushonga wakarurama, zvichibva pane zviratidzo zvemunhu uye zvaari kuda.

Psychostimulants (inozivikanwawo seinokurudzira) ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa mishonga. Kunyangwe iyi mishonga ichinzi inokurudzira, ivo vanogadzikana kune vanhu vane ADHD.

Tevedza rairo yemupi wemupi nezve nzira yekutora mushonga weADHD. Iye mupi anofanira kuongorora kana mushonga uri kushanda uye kana paine chero matambudziko nawo. Saka, ita shuwa yekuchengeta ese musangano neanopa.

Mimwe mishonga yeADHD ine mhedzisiro. Kana munhu wacho aine mhedzisiro, taura nemupi ipapo ipapo. Muyero kana mushonga pachawo ungangoda kuchinjwa.

CHIRAPA

Rudzi rwakajairika rwe ADHD kurapwa runonzi hunhu hwekurapa Inodzidzisa vana nevabereki hunhu hwakanaka uye maitiro ekugadzirisa maitiro anokanganisa Kune yakapfava ADHD, maitiro ekurapa ega (asina mushonga) anogona kushanda.

Mamwe matipi ekubatsira mwana ane ADHD anosanganisira:

• Taura nguva zhinji nemudzidzisi wemwana.
• Chengetedza purogiramu yezuva nezuva, kusanganisira nguva yenguva dzose yebasa rechikoro, kudya, uye mabasa. Ita shanduko kuchirongwa nguva isati yakwana uye kwete panguva yekupedzisira.
• Deredza zvinokanganisa munharaunda yemwana.
• Ita shuwa kuti mwana anowana chikafu chine hutano, chakasiyana, aine faibha yakawanda uye zvakakosha zvekuvaka.
• Ita shuwa kuti mwana anowana zvakakwana kurara.
• Rumbidza nekupa mubairo hunhu hwakanaka.
• Ipai yakajeka uye isingachinji mitemo kumwana.

Pane humbowo hushoma hwekuti mamwe marapirwo eADHD akadai semakwenzi, zvinowedzera, uye chiropractic zvinobatsira.

Unogona kuwana rubatsiro nerutsigiro mukubata neADHD:

• Vana uye Vakuru vane Kutarisisa-Kukanganisa / Hyperactivity Disorder (ChadD) - www.chadd.org

ADHD inogara kwenguva refu. ADHD inogona kutungamira ku:

• Kushandisa zvinodhaka uye doro
• Kusiri kuita zvakanaka kuchikoro
• Matambudziko ekuchengetedza basa
• Dambudziko nemutemo

Chete chetatu kusvika kuhafu chevana vane ADHD vane zviratidzo zvekusatarisisa kana kusagadzikana-kusagadzikana sevanhu vakuru. Vakuru vane ADHD vanowanzo gona kudzora maitiro uye maski matambudziko.

Fonera chiremba kana iwe kana vadzidzisi vemwana wako muchifungidzira ADHD. Iwe unofanirwa zvakare kuudza chiremba nezve:

• Matambudziko kumba, kuchikoro, uye nevezera rako
• Zvimwe zvinokanganisa zveADHD mushonga
• Zviratidzo zvekusuwa

Wedzera; ADHD; Zvechidiki hyperkinesis

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Urion DK. Kutarisa-kushomeka / kusagadzikana kusagadzikana. Mune: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Chinyorwa chePediatrics. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chits. 49.

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