Kuzviuraya uye maitiro ekuzviuraya

Kuzviuraya chiito chekutora hupenyu hwako wega nemaune. Maitiro ekuzviuraya chero chiito chinogona kukonzeresa kuti munhu afe, sekutora zvinodhaka kana kupwanya mota nechinangwa.

Kuzviuraya uye maitiro ekuzviuraya zvinowanzoitika kune vanhu vane chimwe kana zvimwe zvinotevera.

• Bipolar kusagadzikana
• Borderline hunhu kusagadzikana
• Kushungurudzika
• Kushandisa zvinodhaka kana doro
• Post-traumatic kusagadzikana kwepfungwa (PTSD)
• Schizophrenia
• Nhoroondo yekushungurudzwa panyama, pabonde, kana kushungurudzika
  
• Zvinodzvinyirira zvehupenyu nyaya, senge zvakakomba zvemari kana hukama hukama

Vanhu vanoedza kutora hupenyu hwavo kazhinji vari kuyedza kutiza kubva pane mamiriro anoita kunge asingakwanise kubata nawo. Vazhinji vanoedza kuzviuraya vari kutsvaga zororo kubva ku:

• Kunzwa kunyara, mhosva, kana kuita semutoro kune vamwe
• Kunzwa kunge akabatwa
• Kunzwa kwekurambwa, kurasikirwa, kana kusurukirwa

Maitiro ekuzviuraya anogona kuitika kana paine mamiriro kana chiitiko icho munhu anoona chakanyanya, sekuti:

• Kukwegura (vanhu vakura vane mwero wepamusoro wekuzviuraya)
• Kufa kwemudiwa
• Kushandisa zvinodhaka kana doro
• Kushungurudzika mupfungwa
• Kurwara kwakakomba kwemuviri kana kurwadziwa
• Kusashanda kana matambudziko emari

Njodzi zvinhu zvekuzviuraya mune vechidiki dzinosanganisira:

• Kuwana pfuti
• Nhengo yemhuri yakapedza kuzviuraya
• Nhoroondo yekuzvikuvadza ivo pachavo nemaune
• Nhoroondo yekuregeredzwa kana kushungurudzwa
• Kugara munharaunda umo kwave nekuve nekukurumidza kubuda kwekuzviuraya muvechidiki
• Kudanana kurambana

Nepo varume vari mikana yakawanda kupfuura yevakadzi kufa nekuzviuraya, vakadzi vane mukana wakapetwa kaviri wekuedza kuzviuraya.

Kuedza kuzviuraya kwakawanda hakugumi nerufu. Zvizhinji zvezviyero izvi zvinoitwa nenzira inoita kuti kununurwa kubvire. Uku kuedza kunowanzo kuve kuchema kwekubatsirwa.

Vamwe vanhu vanoedza kuzviuraya nenzira isingaite inouraya, senge chepfu kana kuwandisa. Varume vanowanzo sarudza nzira dzechisimba, dzakadai sekuzvipfura ivo pachavo. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kuedza kuzviuraya kwevarume kunowanzo guma nerufu.

Hama dzevanhu vanoedza kana kuzviuraya kazhinji vanozvipa mhosva kana kutsamwa. Ivo vanogona kuona iyo yekuedza kuzviuraya seyoudyire. Nekudaro, vanhu vanoedza kuzviuraya kazhinji vanotenda zvisirizvo kuti varikuitira shamwari nehama dzavo nyasha nekuzvibvisa munyika.

Kazhinji, asi kwete nguva dzose, munhu anogona kuratidza zvimwe zviratidzo uye maitiro pamberi pekuedza kuzviuraya, senge:

• Une dambudziko rekutarisa kana kufunga zvakajeka
• Kupa zvinhu
• Kutaura nezvekuenda kana kudiwa kwekuti "ndigadzirise zvinhu zvangu zvakarongeka"
• Kamwe kamwe kuchinja maitiro, kunyanya kudzikama mushure menguva yekufunganya
• Kupera kufarira zviitiko zvavaimbofarira
• Maitiro ekuzvikuvadza, senge kunwisa doro, kushandisa zvinodhaka zvisiri pamutemo, kana kucheka miviri yavo
• Kutora kure neshamwari kana kusada kubuda
• Pakarepo uine dambudziko kuchikoro kana kubasa
• Kutaura nezverufu kana kuzviuraya, kana kutotaura kuti vanoda kuzvikuvadza
• Kutaura nezvekunzwa kusava netariro kana mhosva
• Kuchinja kurara kana tsika dzekudya
• Kuronga nzira dzekutora hupenyu hwavo (sekutenga pfuti kana mapiritsi akawanda)

Vanhu vari panjodzi yekuzviuraya vanogona kusatsvaga kurapwa kwezvikonzero zvakawanda, zvinosanganisira:

• Vanotenda kuti hapana chinobatsira
• Ivo havadi kuudza chero munhu kuti vane matambudziko
• Vanofunga kukumbira rubatsiro chiratidzo chekushaya simba
• Ivo havazivi kwekuenda kunotsvaga rubatsiro
• Vanotenda kuti vadiwa vavo vangave zvirinani vasina ivo

Munhu anogona kuda kurapwa nechimbichimbi mushure mekuedza kuzviuraya. Vanogona kuda rubatsiro rwekutanga, CPR, kana kurapwa kwakanyanya.

Vanhu vanoedza kutora hupenyu hwavo vangangoda kugara muchipatara kuti varapwe uye kuti vadzikise njodzi yekuyedza mune ramangwana. Therapy ndechimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha pakurapa.

Chero hutano hwepfungwa hungave hwakatungamira mukuedza kuzviuraya hunofanirwa kuongororwa uye kurapwa. Izvi zvinosanganisira:

• Bipolar kusagadzikana
• Borderline hunhu kusagadzikana
• Zvinodhaka kana doro kudhakwa
• Kushungurudzika kukuru
• Schizophrenia
• Post-traumatic kusagadzikana kwepfungwa (PTSD)
  

Gara uchitora kuedza kuzviuraya uye kutyisidzira zvakanyanya. Kana iwe kana mumwe munhu waunoziva ari kufunga nezvekuzviuraya, unogona kufonera National Suicide Prevention Lifeline pa1-800-273-8255 (1-800-273-TALK), kwaunogona kuwana rutsigiro rwemahara uye rwechivanzika chero nguva masikati kana husiku.

Fonera 911 kana iyo yemuno emergency emergency nhamba kana mumwe munhu waunoziva akaedza kuzviuraya. USASIRE munhu ari ega, kunyangwe mushure mekudaidzira rubatsiro.

Inenge chetatu chevanhu vanoedza kutora hupenyu hwavo vanozoedza zvakare mukati megore rimwe. Vanenge gumi muzana yevanhu vanoita kutyisidzira kana kuyedza kutora hupenyu hwavo vanozozviuraya.

Fonera mubatsiri wezvehutano ipapo kana iwe kana mumwe munhu waunoziva achifunga kuzviuraya. Munhu wacho anoda kurapwa kwepfungwa ipapo ipapo. Usadzinga munhu wacho sekungoedza kutariswa.

Kudzivisa doro uye zvinodhaka (kunze kwemishonga yakatarwa) kunogona kuderedza njodzi yekuzviuraya.

Mudzimba dzine vana kana vechidiki:

• Chengetedza mishonga yese yekunyorera kumusoro uye yakavharwa.
• Usachengetedze doro mumba, kana kuti rirambe rakakiiwa.
• Usachengete pfuti mumba. Kana iwe ukachengeta pfuti mumba, dzivharire uye chengeta mabara akaparadzana.

Muvanhu vakuru vakuru, ongororai zvakare kunzwa kwekusava netariro, kuva mutoro, uye kusiri kwevamwe.

Vanhu vazhinji vanoedza kutora hupenyu hwavo vanotaura nezvazvo vasati vaedza. Dzimwe nguva, kungotaura chete kune mumwe munhu ane hanya uye asingavatongi zvinokwana kudzikisa njodzi yekuzviuraya.

Zvisinei, kana iwe uri shamwari, nhengo yemhuri, kana iwe uchiziva mumwe munhu waunofunga kuti angaedze kuzviuraya, usamboedza kugadzirisa dambudziko rako wega. Tsvaga rubatsiro. Nzvimbo dzekudzivirira kuzviuraya dzine mafoni "hotline" masevhisi.

Usambofa wakaregeredza tyisidziro yekuzviuraya kana kuyedza kuzviuraya.

Kushungurudzika - kuzviuraya; Bipolar - kuzviuraya

• Kushungurudzika muvana
• Kushungurudzika pakati pevakuru

American Psychiatric Association webhusaiti. Kuongorora uye Statistical Manual yeMental Dambudziko. 5 ed. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Kuburitsa. 2013.

Brendel RW, Brezing CA, Lagomasino IT, Perlis RH, Stern TA. Murwere wekuzviuraya. Mune: Stern TA, Fava M, Wilens TE, Rosenbaum JF, eds. Massachusetts General Hospital Yakakwana Clinical Psychiatry. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chits.

DeMaso DR, Walter HJ. Kuzviuraya uye kuedza kuzviuraya. Mune: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum, NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Chinyorwa chePediatrics. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chitsuwa 40.